Identification and Development of the Organisation Risk-Forming Factors Register

. Official statistics show that labor activity is accompanied by the presence of various kinds of hazards and harmful working conditions, which are risk factors for injury and the development of occupational diseases of workers. Risk assessment is one of the necessary procedures of the occupational health and safety management system and includes the following stages: identification of all risk-forming factors characteristic of the organisation, compilation of a unified register of hazards, calculation of occupational risks and development of measures to reduce their impact in the workplace. With all the diversity of hazards, there is no unified approach to the development of the organisation's register, and this is an urgent problem, the solution of which will allow a qualitative approach to the issue of calculating and assessing professional risks. The article offers an accessible and practical-oriented method for identifying and developing a unified register of hazards of an organisation, which allows setting the uncertainty parameter of the register, which is an additional coefficient when calculating occupational risk in the workplace.


Introduction
The procedure for assessing and managing occupational risks is one of the main elements of the organisation's occupational safety management system, which is aimed at ensuring the safety and health of employees.The Regulation on the occupational health and safety management system states that the methods of assessing occupational risks are determined by the employer independently [1][2][3][4].
The risk assessment procedure is a consistent implementation of the following steps: identification of all existing hazards or risk-forming factors, compilation of a unified register, assessment and development of professional risk management measures.An analysis of the main provisions of regulatory documents on risk assessment and management has shown that they are not always applicable in practice.With all the variety of existing approaches to the identification and development of a unified register of hazards, it is difficult for employers to determine an accessible and practical applicationoriented one.
In this regard, the issue of finding a new way to develop a unified registry for the organization based on the identification of all risk-forming factors is relevant [5][6].
The article discusses a new way to identify all risk-forming factors and the stages of developing a unified registry for the organization.The substantiation of the expediency of applying the proposed approach in practice is presented.

Materials and methods
Identification of risk-forming factors is the first and one of the key elements in the development of the organisation's hazard register [7].The art of identifying all risk-forming factors in a huge amount of information is the ability to choose only the hazards that are significant for the organisation.The methods of risk identification may differ significantly from each other.The choice of the method depends on the organisation, taking into account its profile, specifics, location, time and many other factors [9][10].
The first step in identifying risk-forming factors is to determine the list of jobs subject to occupational risk assessment.As a rule, such a list is the staffing of the organisation.This choice simplifies and systematises the assessment of occupational risk.
In this study, identification is defined as the process of identifying all possible risk factors, followed by the compilation of a unified register for the organisation [9].The main sources of information in the analysis are materials of a special assessment of working conditions, documentation of equipment and technologies of production processes, materials of investigation of accidents and occupational diseases.
All identified risk-forming factors are entered in the unified register of hazards, which can be supplemented or expanded in the event of accidents and industrial injuries.Additionally, cases are taken into account that are not typical in everyday production activities, but occurred at other enterprises.

Results
To identify possible dangerous events, a system of preliminary assessment of the degree of impact of all identified risk-forming factors is proposed [10,11].When compiling a unified register of hazards for the organisation, it is proposed to use the risk matrix of the riskforming factor presented in Table 1.
When developing the matrix, a point system of probability values and consequences of risk-forming factors was used, the numerical values of which are set in points from 0.2 to 1 and determined by expert [10][11][12].
The calculated value of the risk amount in the matrix (qij) is determined by the formula (1) where   is a probability of a risk-forming factor;   are consequences of a risk-forming factor.When compiling the register, it is necessary to identify all risk factors in the company, divide them into groups according to the nature of their occurrence (mechanical, electrical, thermal, and others) and assign each letter an identifier code that characterises the belonging of the factor to a certain group.
In practice, there is a high probability of not taking into account some random risk factor [13].To solve this problem, an uncertainty parameter is introduced that characterises the spread of values that could be assigned to the desired value [14].The calculation uses standard uncertainty, which is determined from the values of probability and consequences of risk factors equal to the root of the weighted sum of deviations of these values, the weighting coefficients of which are determined by the dependence of changes in the evaluation result on changes in these values.The steps for calculating the standard uncertainty are presented below.
Sum value of occurrence of all risk-forming factors in the register   is defined by the formula (2) where n is the quantity of risk-forming factors as per register.
While assessing, the value of random risk  ̅ is taken into account.The best assess of this value is the arithmetic mean   of n possible risks.It is calculated by the formula (3) Sample variance  2 (  ) for identified risk-forming factors is defined by the formula (4) ) 2  (4) Sample variance of the average value of risk-forming factors  2 ( ̅) is defined by the formula (5) Risk is a kind of uncertainty in the development of the situation in the future.Uncertainty is generated by coincidence, inaccuracy or lack of information.In this regard, it is proposed to calculate URregister: the standard uncertainty of the registry, which is a random value of a possible risk formation factor.The standard uncertainty of the registry is URregister, it is equal to the positive root of  2 ( ̅) and is determined by the formula (6) URregister=√ 2 ( ̅) (6) Uncertainty reflects the ambiguity of the result, when both favourable and unfavourable outcomes are possible.The probability of unfavourable outcomes is usually assessed by risk.Therefore, risks can be considered as a consequence of uncertainty.The obtained value is proposed to be used as an additional coefficient when calculating occupational risk in the workplace [15].

Discussion
As a result of testing and practical application of the presented method, identification of all risk-forming factors was carried out and a unified register was developed for the organisation of the construction industry of the Rostov region.
When compiling the unified register, 52 risk-forming factors characteristic of the organisation were identified.The total risk of occurrence of all risk-forming factors according to the registry was   =14.16.
Arithmetic mean value   of n possible risks is calculated according to the formula (3) and is equal to 0.27.The value of the standard uncertainty equal to 0.01 is an additional coefficient in the calculation of occupational risk at each workplace.
A fragment of the unified register of risk-forming factors of a construction company is presented in Table 2.

Conclusions
The method of identification and development of a unified register of risk-forming factors for the organisation presented in the work allows reducing all hazards identified in the workplace into a single register, assigning a letter identification code to each risk-forming factor and combining it into characteristic groups.The proposed approach to calculating the uncertainty parameter of the registry allows taking into account some random risk factor, the value of which is proposed to be used as an additional coefficient when calculating occupational risk in the workplace.The prospect of further development of this study is the use of the proposed method at enterprises and organisations of various sectors of the economy, in order to improve the efficiency of occupational safety management, reduce occupational injuries, improve the procedure for assessing and managing occupational risks in the workplace.

Table 1 .
Matrix of the risk of occurring of the risk-forming factor.

Table 2
Unified register of risk-forming factors (fragment).