The influence of technology elements on the production of bioethanol from sugar sorghum

State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia, 32300 Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine

Abstract

The search for promising raw materials for the production of bioethanol is an urgent task of the present. An effective sugar crop for bioethanol production is sugar sorghum, which per hectare of crops provides 90-100 t / ha of biomass with sugar content of 18-20%. The article presents the results of the influence of mineral nutrition on the productivity and yield of bioethanol from sugar sorghum plants in the zone of the Western Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Investigation of the elements of the technology of cultivating sugar sorghum for the production of biofuels was conducted with the Sugar 1 variety and the Hybrid Honey F1 in three grades of nutrient backgrounds - no fertilizers, N₉₀P₉₀K₉₀ and N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₁₂₀ using herbicide 2,4-D. For the introduction of sorghum herbicide 2,4-D in the steps of 1.5 l / ha in the phase of 3-4 leaves, there was a good increase in plant height and diameter of the stems. The increase in the yield of green mass of sorghum compared to non-fertilized control at the rate of N₉₀P₉₀K₉₀ introduction into the Sugar 1 variety was 6.1 tons / ha, and the Hybrid Honey F1 was 6.5 tons / ha; for the norm N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₁₂₀ - respectively 7.9 and 8.6 t / ha. The yield of bioethanol by sorts of sorghum on the background of the introduction of N₉₀P₉₀K₉₀ was respectively 2.18 and 2.27 t / ha, solid fuels - respectively 11.9 and 12.4 t / ha, bioenergy - respectively 243 and 254 GJ; on the background of the introduction of N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₁₂₀ and the application of 2,4-D herbicide, the bioethanol yield was 2.25 and 2.32 t / ha respectively, solid fuels - respectively 12.3 and 12.6 t / ha, bioenergy - respectively 252 and 259 GJ.