Preliminary Study of Contamination Wastewater on Environment in Slaughterhouse of Merauke City

. The purpose of this research is to know the contamination of waste water that happened in slaughterhouse (RPH) city of merauke. Data were obtained based on surveys and field observations and the sample used was RPH water waste each in repeat as many as 6 replications. Data analysis was done descriptively by comparing the result obtained with the standard of quality which have been determined. The results showed that the contamination of waste water all exceeded the quality standard except at pH value. The ALT content of wastewater in RPH 2790 x 10 4 and contains E. Coli and Salmonella microbes. The high content of BOD, COD, TTS, Ammonia and microbial contamination is thought to be due to the absence of wastewater treatment installation (IPAL) at RPH in accordance with the standard. Proper handling of ammonia waste can reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere.


Introduction
The need of beef consumption especially beef in Merauke city is quite high based on the Livestock Service Report [2] that the consumption of beef has increased in the year that is 1.353.240 kg. Cattle slaughter to produce safe, healthy, whole and halal meat (ASUH) should be done in slaughterhouses (RPH). Technical requirements set forth in Permentan no. 13 / Permentan / OT.140 / 1/2010 on the requirements of slaughterhouses and meat-cutting plants is [, the location of slaughterhouses does not cause disturbance and environmental pollution. City of Merauke has 1 unit of RPH and 1 unit of poultry slaughterhouse (RPU), RPH activities city of merauke starting at 03.30 s / d 07.00 WIT with the amount of cutting an average of 10 tails per day this certainly contributes to environmental contamination caused by liquid waste RPH. Liquid waste in RPH generally consists of blood and rumen content, according to [6] RPH liquid waste contains blood, protein, fat and suspended solids which cause high organic and nutrient materials, high variation of species and dissolved residues this will have the effect of polluting rivers and bodies of water. The liquid wastes produced by RPH are first collected prior to disposal and utilized to ensure the contamination does not exceed the quality standard of the waste water. Wastewater quality standard materials for RPH business and or activity based on Regulation of the Minister of Environment No. 5 Year 2014 among which liquid waste has the highest levels for BOD 100 mg / l, COD 200 mg / l, TSS 100 mg / l, oil and fat 15mg / l, NH3-N 25 mg / l and pH 69 [3]. In addition there is a microbial content in RPH liquid waste derived from the contents of rumen, blood, feces meat and fat. Some of the microbes present in Beef cattle RPH include Salmonella SP [5] Basillus SP in chickens [10], E. Coli [13]. Risks arising from RPH activities with wastewater management that do not have a good water management installation (WWTP) are potentially hazardous, caused by pathogenic bacteria disease and increase levels of COD, BOD, TSS, pH and can increase carbon in the atmosphere. Therefore, government solutions are needed to reduce the impact of this problem. Based on the above, it is necessary to conduct research related to the quality contamination of RPH beff cattle water in Merauke city as an effort to reduce environmental contamination.

Research Method
The sample of this research was obtained from RPH of merauke city, the analysis was conducted at Microbiology and Environment laboratory (LP -PPBBI). Preliminary data were obtained by survey and observation on Beef cattle RPH in Merauke city. Physical and chemical test of wastewater as much as 1 liter, analysis of microbiological test of waste contamination taken 0.5 liter water sample using sterile bottle. Sampling is done by purposive sampling when cutting with the number of beef cattle averaging 10 tail per day. The sample test was conducted as many as 6 replications, the data analysis was done descriptively by comparing the results with the quality raw materials that have been set in accordance with the standard.

Wastewater test results
Sampling on beef cattle RPH was done every Monday with a weekly capture interval, sample testing based on The average BOD concentration in Beef cattle waste water in RPH is 13 times higher than the standard of quality of 1329 mg / l. This study is lower than the results obtained by [1], which is 1451 mg / l. BOD content in waste water can be interpreted that the higher the BOD value, the more pollutants present in the water. The value of BOD in water can be derived by several methods by using biofilter. According to [10] an alternative way can be done to reduce the levels of organic substances using anaerob-aerobic combination biofilter that has been able to reduce BOD content of 72.56-91.65% from 1198.5 mg / l to 782 , 6 mg / l. Research conducted by [10] lowers BOD levels of RPH waste water by passing waste water on plastic bottle media that serves as a place to attach microbial aerobes and anaerobes and form biofilter that can lower BOD levels.
Mean of COD content in wastewater at RPH 2200 mg / l, this result is higher than standard quality that has been determined, but this result is higher than research of [1] that is 1862 mg / l. According to [7] COD levels in waste water at slaughterhouses in the study ranged from 1750 to 5900 mg / l. High levels of COD show the high amount of oxygen needed to oxidize all the organic and inorganic chemicals in the wastewater sample. In addition to reducing the COD value in waste water can be done with microbes, according to [9] states that by embedding the microbes in gravel to form biofilter in aerobic and anaerobic conditions can reduce BOD, COD and TTS up to 65% in BOD and 29.21% in COD. TTS level of waste water in Beef cattle RPH averaged 305 mg / l, this result is higher than predetermined standard quality standard. However, the results of this study were lower than [1] ie 612 mg / l. High levels of TSS will cause water contamination, high TSS levels in excess of quality standards in all types of waste water allegedly due to the contents of rumen contents, stomach contents, blood intestinal contents and others. This can be seen from the color of RPH waste that is dark brown to dark red and emits a foul and fishy odor. The pH value of wastewater in the cow RPH shows an average value of 6.3 this value in accordance with the established standard quality standard that is pH 6 -9. The pH value in this study is lower than the pH value in [1] ie 6.60. Ammonia content in wastewater in RPH was 20.80 mg / l. The results of this study were lower than [1], which was 28.44 mg / l. This difference is thought to be due to unequal amounts of cuts as well as the RPHs in Merauke have separate waste water reservoirs. The total plate value (ALT) in the Beef cattle RPH wastewater is high (table 2), the high ALT value can be made possible by the use of ALT in waste water. According to [12] to improve the quality of waste can be done by utilizing biofilm and biofilter biofilter combined anaerob / aerob. Microbes are one of the keys in determining success in biological waste management.  1 and 2). E.coli contained in RPH water waste is thought to be caused by waste discharges derived from animal waste carried by water flowing waste, these bacteria are bacteria that live in animal and human intestines. In addition, other bacteria such as Salmonella in RPH waste can contribute to environmental pollution because water is a source of contamination of salmonella typhi causing diarrhea in humans [8].

Conclusion
Based on the result of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that the value of BOD, COD, TTS, ammonia in RPH cattle waste in city of Merauke is above the quality standard that has been set in accordance with the regulation of environment minister in 2014. The high value of waste water testing other than pH is caused by ineffective (IPAL) that there is a need for improvement of RPH waste disposal system in Merauke.