Federal and regional budget expenditures on environmental adaptation (using the example of Tyumen region, Russia)

The state policy of the Tyumen region in the field of environmental protection and development of mineral resource base is aimed at increasing the level of environmental safety and preservation of natural systems, at ensuring rational land use and reproduction of natural resource potential of the territory.


Introduction
Priorities of the Tyumen region policy in the sphere of environmental protection and development of mineral resource base focused on:  preserving the environment and reducing the negative impact, including by stimulating green growth of the economy and introducing efficient innovative technologies;  restoration of disturbed natural ecosystems;  formation of an effective management system in the field of environmental protection and ensuring environmental safety, including improving the efficiency of state environmental supervision by public authorities of the Tyumen region on the basis of an assessment of environmental risks, and provision of regional environmental impact assessment;  implementation of projects for elimination of accumulated environmental damage, environmental rehabilitation of territories and the safe waste management;  maintaining the Red Book of the Tyumen region, as well as the implementation of the strategy for the conservation of flora and fauna listed in the Red Book of the Tyumen region;  ensuring sustainable operation and development of a system of specially protected natural areas of regional importance in order to preserve landscape and biological diversity;  ensuring the reproduction and efficient use of the mineral resources base of common minerals and groundwater in the execution of powers of the Tyumen Region and delegated powers of the Russian Federation to meet the needs of the economy and social sphere;  development of the state system of environmental monitoring. 2017 has been declared the year of ecology in the Tyumen region and in Russia as a whole.
The main results and amounts of financing of the conducted activities are characterized by a significant involvement of the Tyumen government in addressing environmental issues (Table 1).

Study areas and analyses
In For a further understanding of the issue of financing the federal budget allocated for the adaptation of the environment for the development of territories, we will analyze two factors and perform a non-linear regression analysis: Factor 1: current (operational) costs of environmental protection in the Russian Federation (Table 2); Factor 2: investment in fixed assets aimed at environmental protection and rational use of natural resources in the Russian Federation (Table 3).  The coefficient of determination R2 = 0.64 showed that the estimated parameters of the model, i.e. the model itself, explain the dependence and changes of the studied parameter -Y, i.e. investment in fixed assets of the studied factor -X, -the current operating costs for environmental protection. We can say that this is an indicator of the quality of the model, and the higher it is, the better.
Thus, from the above presented model, we can conclude that the percentage of variation of the explained variable y is taken into account in the model and is caused by the influence on it of the factors included in the model. Present and future costs of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources carried out at the expense of their own or borrowed funds of the company or the state budget directly depend on the amount of investments in fixed assets aimed at environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. The more investments are made today, the more obvious is the "cumulative effect" in the future, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the current (operational) costs of environmental protection.
Next, we analyze the dependence of the following factors in all municipal districts of the Tyumen region in the period from 2014 to 2017.
Factor 3: total amount of pollutants emitted by all stationary sources; Factor 4: caught and neutralized pollutants emitted by all stationary sources. The resulting model shows that the coefficient of determination is close to unity, thus the described model is qualitative. It can be concluded that the greater the emissions in the areas of the Tyumen region, the smaller their proportion is captured and neutralized annually.
At the final stage of the regression analysis, we establish the dependence of the following factors in all municipal districts of the Tyumen region for 2008-2018: Factor 5: total expenses of the consolidated budget of the municipal district, thousand rubles Factor 6: current (operational) costs of environmental protection (hereinafter EP), including payment for environmental protection services, thousand rubles

Conclusion
Analyzing the empirical data of the compared time series, when assessing the cause-andeffect relationship of their development, it is necessary to emphasize the following: with an increase in the expenditures of the consolidated budget of the municipal district (this is due to the pricing policy of economic entities that put inflation risks in the price of products, and the current tax system), the cost of environmental protection is increasing at a rate that is ahead of the growth of expenditures of the consolidated budget (Fig. 3). This means that significant contributions for current costs of environmental protection are possible only upon reaching a certain level of consolidated budget. In other words, it is possible to invest the remaining serious funds in environmental protection only after satisfying the vital needs of municipalities. This does not always have a favorable effect on the adaptation of environmental factors to the requirements of comfort and environmental safety of urbanized territories.
In this regard, due to the increasing intensity of the region's industrialization, a fundamental revision of the regional regulatory framework for calculating the contributions of economic entities for the restoration of environmental protection is required. Such an update of the regulatory framework in favor of environmental protection measures is a 21st century problem, universally solved by industrially developed countries. In Russia, this problem is being given superficial attention.
Thus, a brief study showed that the distribution of federal and regional budgetary funds, investments in fixed assets is quite significant, but it is not enough to solve the problems of environmental adaptation for the development of territories at the regional level.