Economy Clustering as Efficiency Increase for Resource Usage in Key Areas of Sustainable Social and Economic Development in Kuzbass

. This article deals with Kuzbass industry modernization for efficient resource usage in key areas of sustainable social and economic region development. The modernization is considered as sustainable development and is connected with the structure and function change of the production system as a result of innovation implementation under the influence of the managing entity. The industrial cluster “Integrated processing of coal and industrial wastes” is considered to be the most significant one in cluster policy strategy in Kuzbass. Its purpose is to produce import-substituting coal and chemical products and related materials using the latest technologies for the deep processing of coal and industrial wastes.


Introduction
Kuzbass industry modernization must meet the requirements of sustainable innovative development according to the main provisions of the Strategy for Sustainable Development of the Russian Federation, the Strategy for Social and Economic Development of Kemerovo Region for the period up to 2035 and the Long-Term Development Program for Russian coal industry for the period up to 2030.
The sustainable development concept goes to universality and has a comprehensive interdisciplinary system of knowledge which considers the trends of natural evolution inextricably, the stages of technosphere development and the social and political processes of progressive civilization formation on the planet [3].
The approach analysis, presented in literature, shows that the concept of "sustainable development" is constantly being specified; it is in the process of developing. But the essence of sustainable development, firstly, does not rely on economic growth, and secondly, it is not separated from the improvement of the whole complex of technical and ecological and social factors of social production. Such processes as economic growth, modernization and economic society development are interconnected in this sustainable development.
The modernization considered in the context of sustainable development is connected with the structure and functions change of the production system as a result of innovation implementation under the influence of the managing entity.

Results and Discussion
The significant role has been assigned to cluster associations of business entities in achieving the goals and priorities of innovative development for recent years; as well as interaction with public and private partnership in the issues of territorial and spatial regions development with using cluster forms in the policies of social and economic development at the federal and regional levels [1].
The English term "cluster" means "grow together." The important point in the industrial cluster theory and practice concludes that the competitiveness of such production associations is provided by the presence of four factors: the development of the institutional environment, including ranking institutions; conditions for the rational use of resource potential -natural resources, labor resources, scientific and technical potential, market account requirements; highly connectedness connected with other forms operating in the market [2].
At present there is the meaning that "... clusters have become a consolidating force to achieve production efficiency and competitiveness increase in the context of globalization ..." Over the past 10 years the number of firms and employees involved in cluster associations has increased in most European countries on the background of cyclical and geopolitical problems [3]. It is also known that cluster associations can serve as an effective mechanism for attracting foreign direct investment to regions; and as well as the inclusion of the Russian Federation regional constituent entities into interregional and intercountry production chains of value creation, raw materials processing degree increase, economy diversification and the assembly plants localization increase on the new technical and technological base.
The innovation activity indicators presented in the table 1 and the analysis of statistical data (Form 10-T) of economic activity innovation structure and production complexes reflect a noticeable revival of the forms and methods of innovation activity in the Kuzbass business environment for recent years.
Thus, the number of innovations of all economic activity types was 46 in 2016, but in 2017 there were 78. The number of organizations implementing technological innovations increased from 23 to 43, including the field of industrial production from 17 to 37. In our opinion, leadership is noted as a positive trend in the field of regional innovation activity. We analyzed innovation activities more than in 10 types of enterprises and manufactures. The manufacturing sector accounts for 63% in the total amount of all activity types in 2015-2017. The expenses for technological innovations as a part of investments in non-financial assets, as well as investments in Research and Development, make up a small shareapproximately 2.6% and 0.8%. The effectiveness of innovation activity in comparison with the average Russian indicators and the regions of the Siberian Federal District is low [ Table  2]. The analysis and evaluation of innovative indicators, the dynamics of Kuzbass economy changes mentioned above actualize the multifactor process of producer clustering in the region.
We can say that Kuzbass economy, as an example, confirms a characteristic feature of Russian economy at present time; the noticeable trend of potential accumulation is not accompanied by a corresponding efficiency increase of production capital usage.
A retrospective analysis of the prerequisites for the cluster policy formation in Kuzbass showed that the accumulated problems (limitations and challenges) associated with the reproduction of regional factors of production and social conditions are a prerequisite. The initiatives of federal authorities in the areas of national economy clustering according to Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation and Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation have become a stimulating factor [1].
The world experience in the formation of production clusters shows that nowadays there are two main models: liberal and conducting where the cluster policy is [4 -10].
The cluster policy developing in Russia since the beginning of the 2000s with the priorities to innovative development and the managing model for all processes of its implementation has vague nature based on the national experience of the 90s. The process of intersectional industrial group formation was carried out with insufficient state participation, which transformed later into new relations of private property in sectoral and intersectoral holding companies.
The vertically integrated industrial companies such as: EvrazHolding, SUEK, UTMK, SDS, Mechel, Kuzbassrazrezugol and a number of others create energy production cycles with low added value, the share of these enterprises in the total GRP is up to 70% in Kemerovo region. The structure of Kuzbass economy and its raw export-oriented nature determine the whole problem of regional economy clustering. Currently, the process of cluster policy formation in Kemerovo region is divided into three stages: The industrial cluster "Comprehensive processing of coal and industrial wastes" is the most significant cluster policy strategy in Kuzbass. The purpose of its creation is the import-substituting coal and chemical product production and related materials with the newest technologies of deep coal and industrial waste processing usage [11 -14]. The coal and chemical cluster program is one of the approved pilot programs of the innovative territorial clusters development of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. More than 26 thousand people are said to be involved in this cluster, with localization of small and medium-sized enterprises, SIEs, educational institutions, research institutes, investment and innovation infrastructure organizations in its production system.
The number of organizational and financial support activities for pilot innovative projects financed by the federal and regional budget was done according to the state program of Kemerovo region "Economic development and innovative Kuzbass economy in 2014-2020", as a part of the program "Implementation of activities provided by the investment project of the innovative territorial cluster development for coal and industrial wastes processing".
The analysis of formation and development activities of coal and chemical cluster and innovative industries of production waste processing approved by regional cluster strategy in 2007 -2020 is presented in the table 3. Table 3. Cluster formation and development of deep coal and industrial waste processing in 2007 -2020.

Stage
Cluster formation and development activities as a part of a regional strategy of 2018, it continues 5. Regional investment legislation preparation, federal cluster development programs participation.
Mainly done within the executive authority acts (Kemerovo Region Authority) 1. Regional program acceptance for the development of an innovative and territorial cluster -integrated coal and industrial wastes processing (2011-2020)

Conclusion
The analysis of activities implementation for the formation and development of the planned innovation cluster as a part of leading coal mining and processing companies (SUEK-Ugol, SDS-Ugol, Koks), chemical production enterprises (Azot, Khimprom ) shows that this is the main direction of the entire cluster policy of Kuzbass. Thus, the cluster innovation policy implementation faces with a number of problems and limitations, including investment and organizational issues in relations and partnership between regional authorities and business. Further cluster forms development for solving the strategic goal -regional economic system competitiveness increase and the new technological structure formation of Kuzbass economy needs to eliminate a complex of reasons that hinder the intensification of work on the formation of cluster associations and providing conditions for obtaining a synergistic effect from their activities. Clustering provides a wide range of resources and organizational efforts to solve the urgent economic development tasks and it allows using material and human resources more efficient.