Research on Medical Ethics of Disabled

. The 15-20% of the world's population has certain disability. They have treated bad, looked low, ignored beyond their law, educations and medical care has been denied, also have been underestimated. This is 21st century, people are being kind and helpful in many places, the disabled are achieving in all fields but still some with not the open mind are struggling to accept disabled people even their parents in some cases. Government and science had helped them in uncountable things and also been a devil in number of things. Government introduced laws and policies favouring disabled people. Science and technology helped them to do things which they can’t. Separate medical care services and welfare organisations are there to help for disabled people in several ways including education and insurance. In India, human rights commission is there to give a shout to disabled people rights and also to debate about their dignity. But is this good enough for their life. Technology can do more than this to make their life even better and better. Government can implement strict laws and bills against people who are discriminating and harassment on disabled.


Introduction
Disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement on life situations. Disability is thus not just a health problem. It is a complex phenomenon, reflecting the interaction between features of a person's body and features of the society in which he or she lives [1].
Disabled people faced lot of problems in their day to day life. They are already facing a challenging life where a simple thing is a task for them and with these problems they are facing discrimination among the people. Disabled are not treated equally at all situations. When their equality is a question mark, atleast they should have been treated as human by society but they are not. People are accusing them for being disabled and humanity went vanished. In many countries they are being teased, harassed and manipulated for their own needs, insulted for not being to do things on their own. When a stranger doing these accusations does not matter to them even they get offended and hurted but when their own family doing this immoral things to them puts them to question their life. Occupationally they got rejected for their disability inspite of their education and qualification. In relationships, they got rejected because their disability. This is one bitter truth where there are very rare who can accept a disabled person as a life partner. Will we accept them? ask yourself. Its hard to accept, we are ready to help them financially and mentally but as a spouse only few has the courage. Family members hesitate to include them in get togethers, family picnics etc. Some are not ready to take the challenge of taking care of a disabled, they are leaving them in orphanages or other welfare organisations. Male dominant plays a major role in disability too. Women and girls who are disabled were forced to be in mental hospitals, asylums and institutions where there were no sanitations and filled with health risk and sexual violence. Some medical institutes are using the disabilities as an opportunity for doing drug test and also including involuntary treatments with electroshock therapy.
Over 785-795 million persons who are aged over 15 years and older are living with disability. This statistics is based on 2010 population. World health Survey approximated that 110 million people (2.2%) have significant functioning disease. Children are over 15% of the population are disabled. World health organization reported 10% od global population has some disabilities. On contrast to that, the national sample survey organization and census data 2018 reported that its prevalence as low as 2% in India [2]. People greater than 60 years are over 6399 and 5512 per lakh population in rural and urban areas separately. At Chandigarh a study established that 85-88% of elderly people have minimal possibility to several disabilities. India NSSO established that 1,40,84,999 and 44,05,999 people have disability in rural and urban regions respectively. Some studies also showed disabilities are more common among males than females [3]. Lack of education is major cause of the barrier for the welfare services for disabled.
India Bills passed by the government favouring disabled: state parties are in responsible for the recognition of the multiple discrimination faced by women and girls who are disabled and also to ensure the equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms. Protection of women and girls with disability from violence, exploitation, violence and abuse. Providing them gender support, education on how to protect themselves from these abuses. Ensuring access of all, particularly in social protection programs and also poverty reducing programs. Enjoins on the government not to rise discrimination against any citizen of India including disabled, based on religion, race, caste, community and son on. No citizen should be subjects as disability, restricted on their access to their shops, restaurant, public entertainment, bathing ghats etc. No individual including disables belongings can be treated as untouchables. This behaviour should be referred as offense. No traffic in any citizens including disabled, beggar and forced labours. Short term and long-term disability insurance, social security benefits for people with disabilities, health insurance and health resources for people with disability, VA disability compensation benefits. In dia government has encouraged them in every possibilities. Implementations of bills against violence and discrimination, ensuring medical services to the people, also ensuring job availability for the disabled.
All coins have two sides where this society has too. Where some people are discriminating disabled people on the other side of the coin some people are encouraging them to lead their life in successful way. For aged peoples there are old age homes, some orphan people are adapting aged people as their grandparents, celebrities are donating funds for their medical purposes not only celebrities, good hearted are people are funding too. For physically challenged, there are institutes to teach them how to handle their daily life, educational institutes helping their education, funds are collected and distributed to them. Children and elder with intellectual disorders also have separate organizations to train them and to face their needs.
When physical disability, aged are noticeable but mental illness are left hidden. People with mental illness like anxiety, depression and schizophrenia etc. NMHS states that mood disorders are most common phsychiatry illness in India and female are more prone to the mood disorders. 10-20% of psychiatry disorders end up in suicide [4]. This is mostly because of it is left unnoticed. People who are openly admitting that they have mental disorder are mostly likely getting effective treatments with therapies like cognitive behavioural therapy, electroconvulsive therapy and also can be treated with drugs such as anti-psychotics.
Over billions of disabled globally, 20 million of disables are in India. Government has been came to know that these people are continued to be trapped in a wheel of poverty and uneducated to overcome this situation and there is lot more to do for them. There are several organization and students who are working to make the use of technology in the favour of disabled. They have invented equipments like outdoor mobility devices for physically challenged, empowering cerebral palsy, assistive cars where seats are adjustable to their convenience, mobile apps for deaf, encyclopaedia for the hearing impaired where users can communicate by asking questions through the app and also app will receive their conversations in Indian sign languages, accessible videos, brain controlled mobile application which is used for people who lost their fingers in accident and unable to use phones. And also they invented gaming app for disabled people.
Humans show more involovement in creating things technically and scientifically. Our development in science and technology have reached the peak in all fields. Scientist are involved in researches like stem cells developing, surgical ways to cure neurological and psychiatric disorders. Embryonic stem cells are one of the top most research where plenty of investment is made but still the complete researches can't be done because of ethical issues. Success in this research may give a solution to people who are born with disorders which include congenital problems, mental disorders like down syndrome etc. Researches on drugs also been done but no evidence of success have recorded. Medicine and technology hold their hands together to find some solutions where they need more and more funds to implement those researches. Genetical engineering are also taken as essential researches where we can do some modifications in the genes. This can also be a solution for all disability problems.

Methods
Doing some researches on the network sources, referring surveys and intreviews done in all over world. Access to statistics and case studies helps us understand the real problems they face. Social experimental studies also helped in revealing the thoughts that how disabled are treated in society. Law books and bills passed by the government are referred and also some articles gave clarity on which topics researches have been done until now.

Results
The statistical results show that the proportion of physical disability is the largest among the disabled, followed by hearing disability and other physical disabilities ( Figure 1). All studies have been showed that government and some organisation are encouraging disabled people but some people are not seeing them as equal. Poverty plays a major role where only few can able to get the technical support. Not all are educated, illiteracy make people to not knowing their rights as a citizen and also about the policies and insurances funds etc. People should be educated to know their rights and also some human like creatures should learn to treat them equally.

Discussion
On the research based on studies and surveys made us to thing about all the ethical problem faced by the disabled people every day. Our world has lot of people who are well educated and well development financially but its hard to believe in this educated world, people are still discriminated on their appearance and disabilities. Government has helped them in plenty of ways but the hard truth is its not enough. Statistics clearly shows that how illiteracy became a barrier for stopping them to get any benefits. Rural areas are still way back on this modern world where all the scientific and technological development stops its boundary in urban areas by itself. Medical scientific researches are been there but still there is not possibilities that everyone of the disabled can be close get benefits from these developments.
Some educated volunteers are there to help those disabled people, and also organisations are making it easy to the government and to the people are at reachable distance to get these hands. Parents should be well educated about the financial benefits, as lot of them are not aware that every single human organism are equal, instead of realizing it parents leaving their disabled children in orphanages and in some worst cases in dustbin. Its pity that no law is passed against this kind of child abuse. Youngsters should be polite and kind on their parents and grandparents. They shouldn't treat them as old people and definitely not as burden to their life. They sacrificed their life to give you the best, why can't you just sacrifice some time and love for them. How come they forgot that they are going to be in that place one day. They are going to be treated as how they are treating their parents and grandparents now. Human right commission had a plenty of work to get their struggles to the lap of justice and also in helping them to get their rights.

Conclusions
Because of the physiological problems, the disabled people are more vulnerable to psychological problems than the normal people. These psychological problems will hinder the disabled to form a correct outlook on life and the world, and lead them to stay away from the society and even go on the road of crime. The family, society and the disabled should work together to solve the psychological problems of the disabled so that they can study, work and live like normal people. Disabled people are more sensitive than ordinary people due to their special physiological conditions, and are more vulnerable to psychological stress, which leads to their distinctive lifestyle and adaptive behavior.
Disabled people can't learn, work and fall in love like ordinary people because of their body defects, which leads to their sadness and loss in their hearts, resulting in their inferiority, which is reflected in the lack of selfconfidence, the total feeling of their own defects brings many inconveniences, resulting in depression. When an individual can't solve a difficult problem, but lacks enough support and help, and even encounters ridicule and contempt, he will have inferiority. Due to the physical defects of the disabled, such as behavioral barriers, language barriers, and the imperfection of social supporting facilities, such as barrier free channels, toilets for the disabled, traffic lights and sound signals, etc., the disabled are restricted from going out, resulting in a narrow range of activities; in addition, the lack of places for activities, lack of interpersonal communication, which will increase with the growth of age [5,6].
Some families of the disabled can not create a good family atmosphere. They think that the disabled are the burden of the family. They treat them with indifference and hope that they will survive and die. Not to communicate with them, not to meet their needs, or even treat them with rude words and behaviors, which aggravates the psychological burden of the disabled and leads to psychological problems. [7] At present, the society does not pay enough attention to the disabled, some people also have the phenomenon of contempt and discrimination to the disabled, which makes the disabled feel helpless in their study, life and work, and it is difficult to realize their personal ideals and aspirations. The lack of security for the disabled to participate in social activities leads to their exclusion from the mainstream of society, which aggravates their psychological problems [8].
The whole society should set up a correct attitude towards the disabled, respect and care for the disabled, not regard them as different, but regard them as one of us, and give them more care, understanding and help. The government and the society should establish a fair and perfect security system, guarantee the disabled to obtain good education and employment opportunities, solve their work and life, marriage and other issues, so that they can fully integrate into social life. The society should establish and improve the supporting facilities for the disabled, such as barrier free passage and disabled toilet, so that the disabled can be more integrated into the society, communicate with other people, express their own ideas, and release their unhappiness and depression. We should speed up the construction of psychological consultation and counseling institutions for the disabled, and obtain and solve their psychological problems through various channels [9].
Disabled people should establish a correct outlook on life and the world, and have a positive attitude towards life, so that they can have a normal attitude towards society and others. We should set up people and examples of the disabled who are constantly striving for self-improvement, such as Zhang Haidi, Zhou Zhou Zhou, etc., who have realized their dreams with their personal efforts and guided themselves to strive to realize their ideals [10]. We should go out as much as possible to contact the society, enrich our lives, expand our personal horizons, communicate with family and friends, get their help and opinions, and reduce the psychological burden. The family, society and the disabled should work together to make the disabled truly solve the psychological problems such as inferiority, loneliness, sensitivity and anxiety, improve the ability of the disabled to adapt to the society, establish a good interpersonal relationship between people, and promote the growth of a sound personality, so that they can live and develop better.
This study has been a answer to lot of ethical issues. Disabled people are leading a very challenging life each and every day. They have faced discriminations, insulted and rejected in all fields beyond their educational qualifications. But lot of organisations helped them to live a better world. They helped them to get their rights and what they are deserved to be. Funds have been collected by volunteers and given to those organisations for their medical and educational help. Government can implement more bills against accusations on disabilities as all bills are only favouring in the rights but not mostly against harassment and violence against disabled people. People should learn to love all and treat all of them equally and also be supportive to them. Government should also invest more funds in disabled because only few percent of disabled are reachable hands. They can also make organisation to find people who all need help and also people who all need medical emergencies. They should make them to available for people who are rural areas. They should make them to available who are still homeless and not at a stable condition to explain themselves to the society. India government should make use of technologies and also should encourage new inventions which is supporting to the disabled.

Ethical disclosure
In past century education of disabled was been in a debate and after a lot of debates and voices made those problems fade away. But not completely, disabled people are still facing same troubles in lot of situations. In this 21st century people are not able accept others as who they are, then why they need education system. Government made lot of steps to encourage them to shine up but the debate is why still lot of people are can't able to get these benefits. Is their funds have been given to those people based on how much they need? Are all the disabled, able to get these funds? Are all the disables, the reachable distance to get the help? Government is investing more and more percentage of taxes in developing researches on space development, finding a different whole world to make it a living environment for man kind when there is a beautiful world in their hands, finding ways to recreate things which already gone beyond our hands, recreating extinct species when they can't even love their own. Government and private institutions should stop their researches where there is no hope. They should invest their funds in making this world better to live for everyone equally. They should invest money in making this world be better filled with human and definitely not only with machines. They should consider the situations of every disabled people and make their funds and policies to be available for everyone. They should take steps against the people who are so rude in accusing people on their disability. They should take steps on the organizations who are misusing their disabilities in research and drug testing things. Strict law should take against the people who are harassing them and the cheating them. All humans are deserved to be treat better and more. Government facilities should make more improvements in all fields to favour disabled. People should love their own kind and treat them equally. The world will be better if all the discriminations, making judgements on people, racisms, violence are been vanishes. All ethical points are debating about the human dignity, lets makes this ethics as our anthem. Lets make the world better place to live for all.