Community based asian agrifuture: how it can be achieved

Asia is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world, however the quality control of agricultural food products should be severely and strictly managed from the view point of food security and safety due to the increase of food feeding demand to cover the drastic and rapidly increase of world human population in recent years. In this paper the current status of Asian agriculture is overviewed first, then the Asian agrifuture is discussed and proposed from the community-based viewpoint how it should / can be promoted and achieved. The author helped to organized and hold the workshop on precision agriculture and agricultural machinery industry for Thailand 4.0 based on the request of NSTDA, National Science & Technology Development Agency) in 2017, however, it seems that no progress has been made without being talked about. However, knowing what the current situation is now going is really important for predicting the future of Asian agriculture, so the author added some findings from his own point of view.


INTRODUCTION
The followings show the summarized overview of Asian agriculture. ASEAN Economic Community was established in December 2015. More than 60% of world population is in Asia. Rice is cultivated in most of Asian countries. Most of the Asian countries are still relying on the economy from agricultural production more or less. Almost 40% of wheat is produced in Asia. consisting of People's Republic of China, 17%, India, 13%, Pakistan, 3% and others. (Source: USDA [PS&D] October 2017.) The following three tables, and one figure provide the overview the further basic data of the current status of Asian agriculture in the world. It can be obviously found from Table 1 that Asia has a little bit more than 30% of the world cultivated farming area which is one of the reasons why Asia is always listed in the top ranking of agricultural production. Table 2 shows the world cereal production in which only three Asian countries of China, India and Thailand are producing almost equal to the total production of USA and EU even though both of China and India must produce mainly for domestic consumption for feeding their own people not to export. Figure. 1 shows the major cereal products trading percentage of rice, corn, wheat and soybean. Especially for rice, it is produced a little bit less than 500 million tons in the world, however more than 90% of them are produced in Asia, therefore it can be said that rice is one of the most important staple food crops in Asia. Table 3 shows the farming scale per farmer (one family of farmer) for various countries in the world. It is also very clear to see how Asian farmer is engaged with small scale farming compared to the others such as USA, Australia, Canada, France, England and EU.  Although Thailand was originally positioned as an agricultural country, It created vast industrial parks, gave preferential tax treatment, and sought to attract and invest in foreign companies. As a result, 1) electrical/electronics/computers, 2) automobiles, 3) food and agro-processing, 4) medical care, and 5) tourism have become major industrial sectors in Thailand. The development of industrial parks and the invitation of tax incentives for feats of foreign capital have contributed greatly to the development of the national economy. However, despite the promotion of new industries by this policy, the image of an agricultural country is still alive and well. It ranks high as an exporter of rice, and is extremely abundant in other agricultural products (corn, soybeans, sugarcane, fruit trees, and vegetables). Not only food resources, but also energy resources and environmental resources have nearly infinite possibilities of utilization as original biomass resources. In recent years, decarbonization has been called out all over the world, but in the process of generating energy resources such as electricity and hydrogen, carbon is generated in some process. Agriculture is an important industry in the sense of producing raw materials for these energy resources, but the position of agriculture in many countries around the world is not necessarily high. Poverty, low income, heavy labor, and an industry that requires subsidies from the central government are the keywords most people recognize, and the current situation is that successor training has not progressed much. For that reason, there are expectations that smart agriculture will dispel the conventional image and bring about a new image of agriculture, but this paper summarizes how to understand it and develop human resources through technology transfer, and at the same time, prepare for the coming population increase and food crisis in Asia by making Asia the world's food storehouse.
However, although there are several ways to promote and disseminate smart agriculture, the author has great confidence in his paper. For that reason, he has a strong desire to bet on the implementation of the project, and he has a great interest in related projects.

POST INDUSTRIAL THAI AGRICULTURE
Here shows some more additional information of Thai agriculture, especially from the viewpoint of making proposal for promoting and achieving the Asian agrifuture. Small-scale farmers are expected to shift to contractor-style farming as they age. Due to aging, it becomes difficult to work physically, and on the other hand, the ability and energy to farm using innovative information equipment is lost. In addition, the image of the farming profession is also an obstacle to the development of successor vehicles.
Since I was able to increase my income by doing side jobs, my daily life is not so financially difficult. No need to sell farmland. There is no reason why we have to continue farming because we can maintain a socalled stable daily life. However, in Thailand, landowners who own farmland are not allowed to leave the farmland uncultivated and are obliged to pay a considerable tax. However, smallholder farmers have limited income to maintain a sufficient life to support their families. Increased income is inevitable, but expansion of farmland generally involves purchase or lease based on a contract. However, when farmland is not suitable for mechanization, is remote, or is small and scattered here and there, it is difficult to introduce machinery. The quickest way to increase your income is to give them a side job. In Japan, fulltime farmers account for 15%, but part-time farmers account for 85%. A good example of this is to have a second job to simply increase income, and the increased income from the second job can be used to purchase machines, which can alleviate the decline in physical strength due to hard work and aging.
However, since part-time farmers aim to become rich by increasing their income, farmers do not have the desire to seriously promote agriculture. Also, since I have increased my income by doing side business, I don't have to force myself to sell the farmland. If you only harvest rice that only your family can eat, there is no need to force yourself to increase the yield of rice. The problem is how to promote agriculture. Fulltime farmers need to purchase or rent farmland to expand their farms, but part-time farmers do not need to rely on a large amount of their income from farming, so agricultural promotion stagnates.
The lifetime of agricultural mechanization in Thailand is determined by comparing mechanization (purchase, maintenance and management costs) and employment labor wages. No matter how precise, efficient, and efficient it is, if it is more expensive than the wages paid by human robots (low wage worker), there will be no choice for mechanization. Unless there are conditions such as large-scale farming and extensive farmland, and it is impossible to finish the prescribed work in a timely manner, the decision to choose mechanization cannot be made. Or, unless there is a special reason, such as the fact that the farmer feels pleasure in operating the machine directly, the purchase will not be the final decision.
Researchers and engineers involved in agricultural machinery and mechanization should especially keep this in mind. It is speculated that this may be one of the reasons why agricultural mechanization has not progressed in developing countries.

UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
As one of the experts in agriculture and agricultural mechanization, the author would like to express his own opinion on industrial promotion and development as a nation. He pointed out that in most cases, whether or not mechanization progresses can be determined by comparing wages paid to workers.
Even high-performance, high-efficiency, high-precision machines incorporating advanced technology cannot compete with low-wage workers. Employers always give priority to hiring low-wage workers. but.
In such a situation, there is a limit to the guarantee that Thai agriculture will survive forever. In reality, even if the production volume is large, if the safety and quality control are inferior, the competitiveness in the market will not be strengthened. It will be difficult for the technology and skills of low-wage workers to compete with high-tech machines. There is a limit to human ability, and it is almost impossible to continue simple work for a long time. Whether you like it or not, the introduction of high-precision machinery and equipment is necessary to produce products with high added value. Even if domestic products are accepted, they are not accepted in the world market. We should know that the market is not only domestic but also global. To that end, it goes without saying that we need not only the needs of individual farmers in Japan, but also a vision that actively accepts cutting-edge technology. It is necessary to conduct research and development of seeds in anticipation of the near future. Even if you look at the actual Thai agriculture, many or most of the agricultural machinery from overseas are not original Thai products. The main reason for this is thought to be that it was relatively easy to secure low-wage workers, except for harvesting work that must be completed in a short period of time, such as during the harvest season. The role that Asia, which boasts abundant agricultural production, should play is the perspective of how much it can contribute to the eradication of world hunger and poverty. Lower priority for business and money. The world population surpassed 8 billion in November 2020, and about 900 million people are currently suffering from hunger, poverty, and access to low-nutrition food. Survival of newly born humans should be given top priority. Education and research at universities should also focus on the development and training of human resources who can create Thai originals, rather than clinging to the number of published research papers. Especially for STEM education and global communication language learning education, special planning and ingenuity should be given to the curriculum, where STEM means Science, Technology, Engineering and mathematics respectibely.

FOOD PRODUCTION
Asian nation self-sufficiency of cereal food (rice, wheat, corn etc.) which can be defined by the ratio of consumption to the production of food mainly expressed on calorie based. Some of them are shown respectively for Thailand: 166%, Laos: 122%, Vietnam: 117% and Japan 40%. Thailand and Vietnam are the big agricultural countries producing 30 million tons of cereals per year. Laos is producing 3.81 million tons of cereals enough to feed their people. Among 177 countries in the world, Thailand is ranked in 7th, Laos is ranked in 19th and Vietnam is ranked in 21st respectively in the world. Argentina is ranked at the top in the world for the food self-sufficiency at 306%.. China is ranked in the top of cereal production and her self sufficiency is 102%, which means most of them are for domestic consumption to feed their own people. Therefore she is ranked in 31st in the world for food self-sufficiency. India is ranked in 29th and food sufficiency is 105%. Population in India is second to China. Food sufficiency for South Korea, Malaysia and Japan are almost 25 to 40% as mentioned above. Food production should be secured from the viewpoints of strengthening agriculture and its competitiveness. It may be achieved by the highly mechanized advanced value adding technology application to the actual farming site for extension. How it can be achieved successfully and completely is the key issue. The method of solving the issue and the process to follow are shown for further discussion of the project concept.

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Asian agriculture can be characterized as the following problems and the conditions to satisfy for solving them: 1) Small scale, 2) Family labor, 3) Low income, 4) Heavy physical work and 5) Working poor. On the other hand the conditions to satisfy for promoting agriculture are shown below. Agricultural products should be 1) competitive in the world market, 2) High quality control and management of the products should be secured including safety and value adding and 3) Price of the products should be reasonable enough to make it competitive. Food security consists of the following four factors of 2QSL, which means enough 1) Quantity, 2) Quality, 3) Safety and 4) Liability). Let us think what and how we should do for achieving the goal of Asian agrifuture. It must be done not only to improve Asian agriculture, but also to make Asia one of the world food pantries.

METHOD OF INCOME INCREASE
One of the methods of income increase can be achieved comparatively easier as it can be seen in Japan's case. That is to provide the additional job to let them be for part-time farmer. The ratio of the parttime farmer to full time farmer is 85% to 15% in Japan. Part-time farmer is rich enough to buy farm machinery individually for promoting the mechanization in addition to take care of family and education of children, therefore the original small scale farmland can be used mainly for domestic family consumption of food, not for earning money from the products selling. Additional merit of shifting small scale farmers to part-time farmers promoted the automation of agricultural machinery because most of them were small scale professional farmers and they needed automated machines more. One time the central government of Japan tried to push the industry to develop simple machines equipped without those automatic control functions, however both of industries and farmers couldn't accept those machines, because part-time farmers are rich enough to buy the automated machines in spite of expensive price.
Even for industries they were welcome those part-time farmers if they can buy those expensive ones actively. It means no farmers want to buy such a low functional machine because of cheaper price only.
Increasing the number of part-time farmers could solve the farmer's low income problem, however nothing could be done for promoting the agriculture at all.

ANSWER FOR INCOME INCREASE AND AGRICULTURE PROMOTION ISSUES
The other way is to solve both problems of income increase and promotion of agriculture together is the scale up of farming per one farmer (or one family). The low income is caused by the small scale farming, therefore the farming scale up can improve and solve both problems together, however it looks difficult to do it quickly and takes time even if it could be done. Furthermore the majority of the farmers are too much aged and impossible to accept such a highly innovated smart agriculture due to the lack of knowledge and no next era young generation successor grown up. Referring to Table 3 showing the specific average farming scale ratio compared with the case of Japan is one, owned per one farmer for various countries, it can be found that other countries are extremely higher almost 20 to 1000 times than Asians. Considering the current level of agricultural mechanization, it looks for Asia almost impossible to make Asian agriculture competitive with the other countries. In parallel with the scale up of farming, the new project should be launched together focusing on the next era young generation farmer should be grown up who should be highly educated and qualified enough to understand apply the highly innovated technology even for transferring those technologies to the following next era too. The author named this project as FFA, Future Farmer of Asia growing project, Trainees are accepted based on the application from ASEAN member countries not only from Thailand, but also from the other member countries.
Further details of program content is introduced and explained in the section of Asia Food Project and Agri Techno Farm Initiative later.

ADDITIONAL ANSWER FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS
The conventional and traditional farming is essentially based on the farmland soil, however the green house based farming is now getting popular due to no need of farmland and soil, but hydroponics instead in addition to the merits of clean and automatic full control of environment while growing of target crop. The artificially made crop cultivation program can make it possible to secure the stable yield and multiple cropping per unit period of growing season. Additional merits of type of farming can be found as follows: 1) Anybody can join easily to this farming business even for the handicapped and disabled person, 2) Light labor forces under clean environment, 3) Higher probability of stable yield by artificially prepared cultivation program, 4) Fresh and safe products supply timely on demand etc. One of the problems is the possibility of mass production of main staple food like cereals such as rice, wheat, corn, soybean etc. to cover the rapidly increasing human population. The merit of applying this green factory type of farming can be found in special area such as North Africa and Middle East mostly covered area with desert but without cultivated farmland. They really need fresh, clean and safe food products. What about the possibility of growing main staple food crop in the green factory? If possible, a short plant rice variety with rice grain only without long length of straw and stem may be developed and experimentally tested for growing.  ASEAN Community consists of agricultural countries relying on a huge amount of agricultural production more or less, therefore they can be categorized as the resource oriented countries. On the other hand ASEAN plus three are categorized as the technology oriented ones due to less amount of resources production. The main concept of Asia Food Project is to promote and make Asian economy sustainable based on the joint collaboration between the resource oriented and the technology oriented countries. They need resources and technologies mutually for further development and promotion of Asian economy in addition to the regional peace keeping. The process to the final goal should be followed and achieved along the priority number from one to three in order as shown in Figure 3. They are 1) To make Asia a world food pantry by more increase of quality controlled safe food production and supply, 2) To develop and create an original Asia brand food (product) market and 3) To achieve and maintain the Asian economic promotion stably and vitalization enough to contribute to the regional peace keeping. The mutual transfer relationship between the resources oriented and technology oriented countries can be sustainable for ASEAN Economic Community development.  After the successful completion of program, 2 weeks study tour may be offered and scheduled for the trainees to visit the invited lecturer's laboratory Technology to be transferred from "Supply" side should be "Appropriate Technology" which can be defined to satisfy the following conditions and it should be enough to cover a huge scale farming mainly based on precision agriculture in smart agriculture.
2) Socially acceptable. Further discussions should be done considering the contents more in detail to cover the academic area needed to learn and study widely. Because smart agriculture maily consists of three contents such as precision agriculture, robotics and plant factory . Some of the knowledge can be used commonly, however, some specifed subjects and knowledges should be prepared seprately depending on each technology area mentioned above. Notice: It has already been mentioned that smart agriculture relies on knowledge in several academic and academic fields. Observation of target fields and crops, monitoring of growing conditions, gathering, transmission and processing of various data. Alternatively, detailed explanations of international standards, international organizations, etc. that must be strictly adhered to in developing smart agriculture businesses are related to the topic of the lecture, and more detailed lectures are added each time depending on the topics, so that the entire lecture content can be fully covered. Source : Example of syllabus based on the author's proposal

BI-LATERAL PROJECT
In recent years, there is an example of a business-based bilateral project agreed upon by relevant agencies of the Japanese and Thai governments.
[7] Needless to say, the purpose and content of this paper are basically different from the one introduced by the author in this paper, but the content is to expand the promotion and spread of smart agriculture through business project. The title of the project being implemented is the demonstration support consignment project for smart agriculture in Thailand, and the outline is shown below, comparing, discussing, pointing out the differences from the project proposed by the author, the problems encountered, etc., and adding opiniom for further discussion from his own points of vies.

PROJECT SCHEME
The government of Thailand and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan agreed to support the promotion and spread of smart agriculture from 2020. This is a start-up project, and the support scheme is shown below. (Fig. 8) In response to a demonstration request from the Thai side, the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture  2) Through the processes of confirmation of requests from the Thai side partners, Both of Japanese and Thai governments discusses and shares the opinion, the project makes the decision finally to support for various adjustments for demonstration implementation.
Annual meeting is scheduled for final report presentation & submission every year.

1) Workshop is also scheduled every year
2) The first project of project duration was in November 2021 to March 2022 3) The second term of project duration was in April 2022 to March 2023 Project will be continued Sources : Japan-Thailand Bi-lateral project for demonstration and business development of smart agriculture in Thailand. For the past two years, 2021 and 2022. Japan-Thai bi-lateral high level agriculture ASEAN-51 Smart Agri Project.pdf Table 5 shows the sumarized report of the project in the past two years.
[7],[8] As already mentioned above, this project was launched focusing on the smart agriculture promotion and extension｡ The purpose of this project is to promote the expansion and spread of smart agriculture by supporting companies that can demonstrate what smart agriculture is. If understanding progresses and business negotiations are concluded, the company's products will be sold and the company will get the benefit through the sale of demonstration test products.
The main purpose of this project should make people understand what smart agriculture is like through demonstration tests and the sale of related products, and to develop it for widespread use.
However, as can be seen from the table in planting, some (or many) of the potential challenges and problems can be gleaned from the pre-assessment survey. Fortunately, there is no problem if smooth product sales are maintained stably, but the regulations of partners are not constant, and even when conducting verification tests, the conditions and circumstances differ depending on each partner, making it difficult to respond.
In the format of conducting demonstration tests in response to requests from Thai partners, there are too many individual and conditional differences for partners themselves, and many processes must be followed before negotiations are concluded. Rather than that, we believe that group training-style projects, in which partners are prepared to meet certain plans and conditions, and standardized texts and teaching materials are prepared, are more effective. In the late 1970s, Thailand attempted to introduce large farm machinery like 4-wheel tractor, sugarcane harvester. The author still cannot forget the sight he saw when he visited a major overseas company. At first glance, many large tractors in the stockyard look brand new, but upon closer inspection, they are not. The appearance is almost brand new, but there are dents and scratches here and there, and the paint is peeling off here and there. When the author asked dealer's staff why there were so many machines, he said that he had negotiated a deal and sold them, but he didn't have the ability to pay the farmers, so he went to the farmers and brought them back later. In addition, in the spread of new technologies, such as the direct seeding of coated rice, direct seeding is labor-saving and cost-effective compared to transplanted cultivation, so farmers who have tried direct seeding decide that there is no need for post-planting management after planting. However, if there is even one example of such a failure by a farmer, bad rumors will spread quickly, and the transfer and spread of good technology will come to a halt. At the stage where partners do not have an accurate understanding, it is necessary to prepare the latest cautions and countermeasures in order to try to spread sales. [8]

DISCUSSION
Since the author was requested by Thai government to help in organizing the workshop on precision agriculture and agricultural machinery industry Thailand 4.0 in 2017 (Fig. 7). After the successful completion of this event, he has never heard anything about this event how it had been happening. He recently found however one of the projects similar to the one he mentioned above. He was happy and he was much excited to look at it, therefore, he was much motivated to say something from his own point of view how he thinks and considers.
The author understands the purpose of the project, which aims to spread it through demonstration tests to be prepared and done by some of the Japanese industries, but it is difficult to lead to its spread out and it is also necessary to fully consider how long the period of the verification test should be set. This is because if the demonstration teast period is short, even if the Thai partners participate, they will soon forget about it, and in many cases, they will only participate to get some gift as a souvenir, not for the purpose of aiming at learnig and obtaining the new knowledge. The biggest drawback is the lack of the part of understanding the technology and nurturing human resources who transfer and inherit the technology. The majority of people know the topical terminology of smart agriculture, but they do not know what kind of agriculture it really is. After all, it is important and necessary to prepare a wide range of lectures filled with rich lecture content and to implement long-term training program. If the project will be focused more to spread it without human resource development, it will inevitably become a profitmaking business for companies, and the purpose will be shifted to selling machines. The author thinks the most important thing in technology transfer is to develop human resources who can understand, learn, and transfer the technology to the next era generation. Instead of mutual development through cooperation between technology-oriented countries and resource-oriented countries, only technology-oriented countries will be economically profitable. This type of project model is dislike and looks not so fair, especially under the circumstances in which the meaning of smart agriculture is really not well known yet, but if technology transfer and human resource development are well prepared and involved in the project as a set, all industries and organizations participating in the project will become beneficiaries and coexistence and co-prosperity will be possible. Fundamentally, technology-oriented countries and resource-oriented ones will cooperate and sometimes should compete to improve their technological levels and develop human resources who can create original products. Human resource development will be promoted through technology transfer, and the human resources will create Thai original or Asian original brand products. If sustainable economic growth can be maintained stably, it will lead to the stable maintenance of regional peace. Eliminating hunger and poverty also helps prevention of regional conflicts. should be solved individually one by one.
The above author's proposal as shown in this paper, is to actively invite experts not only from Asia but also from Europe and the United States if there are good experts, teach them what kind of agriculture is smart agriculture, and develop human resource development training programs as trainers. By accepting trainees not only from Thailand but also from countries belonging to the ASEAN economic community, and by making English the official language, the problem of communication will be resolved.
There are many merits such as building networks, promoting friendship and mutual understanding among researchers in ASEAN member countries. In addition, human resource development can be a leader in understanding smart agriculture, technology transfer, and technology transfer, and at the same time, it can expand future customers and consumers, and they themselves are potential customers and consumers. Furthermore, human resource development is an important asset (human capital) for the counterpart country. Since one side sells the products as a business and the other side buys them, there is concern that if the machines and products do not go well after purchase, there will be returned goods and complaints. The case of returns associated with the purchase of large agricultural machinery, mentioned above, is a reminder of such concerns.

SUGGESTIONS AND COMMENTS FOR FURTHER PROMOTION
1) Beneficiaries are limited to specific institutions, groups, and small groups. It does not contribute to Thailand. Although it is a government-to-government-based project, it does not contribute much to Thailand.
2) Business is prioritized and human resource development shouldn't be considered in business.
3) There is not much meaning or effect in having a partner who is not familiar with smart agriculture as a customer 4) Projects that deal with individual organizations, institutions, and farmers are wasteful because the conditions for each are different, and there is little public contribution to the partner country.
5) It is desirable for individual companies to take the initiative and actively implement business development that prioritizes business.
6) The biggest key point that hinders the promotion of agricultural mechanization in Thailand is determined by comparison with employment wages. No matter how good a machine is, if it costs more than the labor cost, farmers will not buy it. It is not the performance of machines. It is common sense that human robots (low-wage workers) are employed rather than machines. There is a high need for large-scale farm management that requires the introduction of smart agriculture, but it is unlikely that small-scale farmers of around 3 hectares will promote mechanization in preference to low-wage workers.
7) It is a mistake to promote sales to farmers who do not know about smart agriculture. First, we need to increase the number of people consisting of customers and consumers who are familiar with smart agriculture. However, in addition to the fact that the farmers themselves are aging, it will become difficult for them to work physically, and in addition to the fact that it is difficult to handle the innovative information equipment that is rapidly appearing on the market, it cannot be expected to spread. In order to improve this situation, it is extremely desirable and necessary for the business planning side to limit the qualifications of partners who will lead the next generation, plan long-term training over several months, and implement and promote human resource development (trainer training) and technology transfer on a community basis, rather than targeting individual farmers, groups, and institutions as I have proposed.
8) In the situation described above, we believe that before introducing smart farming, we will transition to farm management based on the contractor method. The reason is as follows. Although it is difficult for farmers to work physically, they do not want to sell the farmland, nor do they need to give it up. It is simpler and easier to make a contract with a contractor, ask them to do the required amount of work at the required time, and pay the corresponding fee. The number of rice farmers in Japan is also increasing, and there is an increasing number of businesses that contract companies dispatch machines and drivers to the farms directly requested by the farmers in response to requests from farmers. [9]

CONCLUSIONS
Many factors must be considered in the promotion of Asian agriculture, however looking at the current status of agricultural mechanization in Asia, the implementation of agricultural reforms at the community based level is more important and meaningful than supporting individual farmers. At present, it looks difficult for the farmers to accept high-tech represented by precision agriculture for example. The first priority is to create the demands and needs of the customers (farmers) who can accept such high-tech machines and equipments. FFA (Future Farmers of Asia) growing program should be highly considered as the first priority issue. The market should be developed actively for those trainees to work with joy.
The following is the summarized conclusion derived from the discussion development in this paper.
1) ICT & IOT based Smart Agriculture are paving the way for high-tech agricultural mechanization, however the speed of technology development and innovation are evolving day by day.
2) These technologies are still under developing and innovating, but constantly and stably day by day. However………… 3) To whom and How do we transfer those technologies? 4) There are many small scale farmers in Asia, but "None of them" can understand and accept those high-tech mechanization now due to the lack of knowledge and economic power, aging and no young successor wishing to be a farmer.
5) The right answer is the strong suggestion to "Create consumers and customers first" for agri-business promotion of The situation of Asian agriculture can be neither improved nor changed unless no action could be started and taken immediately not to be too late.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author would like to express his sincere appreciation to DLG International, Germany, Projekt team AGRITECHNICA ASIA -Horti ASIA | Project Team AGRITECHNICA ASIA -Horti ASIADLG International GmbH Eschborner Landstraße 122 60489 Frankfurt am Main