Assessment of the competitiveness of domestic and foreign combine harvesters

. The assessment of the competitiveness of domestic and foreign designs of grain harvesters of various productivity in accordance with the calculation method proposed by GOST R 53057 - 2008 "Agricultural machines. Methods for assessing competitiveness". It is established that combine harvesters of LLC CP "Rostselmash" are more competitive in comparison with foreign designs mainly due to lower prices at comparable direct costs and labor productivity.

Various methods have been developed to determine the most effective equipment for harvesting grain crops, allowing to establish promising combine harvesters based on a generalized parameter of a comprehensive assessment that takes into account operating costs, labor costs, energy and metal consumption, as well as capital investment and their payback period [7][8][9].
In 2008, the Russian Federation standard "GOST R 53057 -2008 "Agricultural machinery came into force. METHODS FOR ASSESSING COMPETITIVENESS" [10]. According to the standard, the integral parameter of competitiveness for agricultural machinery from 1.0 to 1.1 indicates a low level of competitiveness, from 1.1 to 1.3 -an average level of competitiveness, from 1.3 and higher -a high level of competitiveness.
The purpose of the analysis of technological schemes and designs of combine harvesters of various manufacturers was to determine the most effective designs of combine harvesters for different values of throughput capacity of the threshing and separating device.
As criterion of an estimation of competitiveness adopted, an integral parameter that takes into account the following factors: factor price ratio of the competing machines k1; factor ratio of direct costs of the competing machines k2; factor ratio of labor productivity of the competing machines k3. The values of specific weight of factor coefficients of significance took the form γ1=γ2 =γ3 = 0,33 Table 2.
Integral parameter of the harvester's competitiveness kM, calculated by the equation kM = k1γ1 + k2γ2 + k3γ3 (1) Factor coefficient k1 of the price of a competing combine harvester was calculated using the formula where Бб, Бкprice of basic and competing grain harvester, rub. Factor coefficient k2 of direct costs of the competing grain harvester is calculated due to the formula where Иб, Ик -Direct costs of the basic and competing combine harvester, rub / unit of operating time.
Factor coefficient k3 of labor productivity of the competing grain harvester is calculated due to the formula where Зк, Збlabor productivity of the basic and competing grain harvester, person/ unit of operating time.  Analysis of the results of calculations of integrated parameters of competitiveness of class III grain harvesters, presented in table 3, shows that the parameters of the NOVA combine harvester of LLC "HP "Rostselmash" are higher than the combine harvester of "Sampo Rosenlew" mainly due to lower operating costs k2= 4.3. Analysis of the results of calculations of integrated parameters of competitiveness of grain harvesters of class IV, presented in table 4, shows that the highest coefficient of competitiveness ki is obtained from the combine harvester Vector 410 of the company "HP" Rostselmash" due to higher values of price coefficients k1=2,165, direct costs k2=1,202 and labor productivity k3=1,224.
The performance of the ACROS 550 combine harvester is slightly worse, and it has an integral competitiveness index ki=1,404, which also corresponds to a high level of competitiveness. Analysis of the results of calculations of integrated parameters of competitiveness of the V Class combine harvesters presented in table 5 shows that the combine harvester TORUM 750 LLC "HP "|Rostselmash" ki=1,608, which corresponds to a high level of competitiveness in comparison with combine harvesters of this class of firms Claas (Lexion 760) and New Holland (CX 8060) mainly due to a higher factor coefficient of the price k1=2,535.
Thus, the analysis of the results of calculations of integrated parameters of competitiveness of domestic and foreign manufacturers of combine harvesters of various classes shows that the combine harvesters of LLC "HP "Rostselmash" are superior in their technical and operational indicators to similar foreign equipment mainly due to a lower price at comparable direct costs of money and labor productivity.