Research on the Key Restrictive Factors of Green Energy Industry Development in Western China

The development of the green energy industry in western China plays an important role in promoting local economic and social development and ensuring national energy security. At the same time, industrial development also faces imbalances in the supply and demand of green energy, insufficient local energy consumption, limited extension of the industrial chain, poverty alleviation and ecological protection and other issues. Combining the development characteristics of the green energy industry in the western region, with policy guidance, market improvement, and technological progress as the main analysis framework, based on the Delphi method, the key constraints for the green energy industry in western China are proposed, and the western green energy industry and social economy. The possible mechanism of action between development has certain reference value for promoting the development of the green energy industry and improving the operation mechanism of the green energy industry.


Introduction
In the context of the global energy transition, China, as a major energy producer and consumer, has continued to advance the energy revolution process. The western region plays a pivotal role in China's energy strategy. Therefore, exploring the key limiting factors for the development of the green energy industry in western China is an important strategic layout for the development of China's energy industry, and it is also a key core for promoting the development of the local economy by the green energy industry in the western region [1].
The western green energy industry has effectively boosted local economic development and promoted the construction of poverty alleviation projects [2]. At present, China's central and eastern regions have begun to transition to a high proportion of energy selfsufficiency [3], and their dependence on energy in the western region has declined. At the same time, energyintensive industries began to shift to the western region, and local energy demand also increased. Therefore, the development of the green energy industry in the western region is of great significance for ensuring national energy security and balancing energy supply and demand. The existing literature on the research on the restrictive factors of the green energy industry focuses on the impact of energy characteristics, policy systems and technical levels on industrial development [4][5], lack of comprehensive thinking on the development of the western green energy industry, the mechanism of action of various factors on the energy industry is not yet clear. Based on the above considerations, this article is based on the characteristics of the resource endowment in the western region and the actual economic and social development, combined with relevant documents to propose an analysis framework for key constraints in the western region, and uses the Delphi method to identify the key factors, so as to obtain the relevant key factors for the western green energy industry Influence path of development.

Analysis on the development characteristics of green energy industry in Western China
The western region of China has obvious advantages in green energy endowment, but it also has the characteristics of unstable green energy supply and demand balance, insufficient local energy consumption, limited extension of the industrial chain, imperfect poverty alleviation and ecological protection mechanisms, as follows:

Energy supply and demand imbalance
Affected by factors such as seasonal drought and insufficient ecological compensation mechanism [6], the current progress of green energy development in the western region is limited, and the total energy growth is slow. As shown in Figure 1, the power generation of many provinces is still below the national average. In contrast to the slow growth of energy supply, the demand for green energy production capacity is constantly increasing. On the one hand, large coal power stations have been shut down in response to the policy call for low-carbon and environmental protection; on the other hand, the western economic development policyoriented call for consumption The accumulation of energy industries in the west has led to an increasing gap in the balance of supply and demand, and increased industrial operating risks.

Insufficient local consumption
From the perspective of overall energy consumption, the overall energy consumption level in the western region is relatively low. As shown in Figure 2, even with the gradual commissioning of large-scale energy-carrying industries in recent years, the energy consumption levels of many provinces are below the national average consumption level. With the negative effects of the high base and low incoming water in the central and eastern regions, the energy demand for the western regions is showing a downward trend. At present, in order to promote local energy consumption in the western region, energy-consuming industries continue to gather in the western region, but the seasonal "surplus and shortage" of green energy has led to the randomness and volatility of energy output and increased market operation risks. Therefore, while promoting the expansion of the green energy industry in the western region, ensuring the stability of energy supply is the core of the current energy industry development.

Limited extension of industrial chain
The extension of the green energy industrial chain in western China is relatively limited, and the integration of energy development and related industry development is relatively poor in breadth and depth. The secondary and multiple conversions of electricity have not been effectively realized, resulting in green energy advantages that have not been effectively transformed into economic advantages. The promotion of other industries is limited. The current green energy industry chain is still dominated by power generation and transmission. The advantage of surplus power in the abundant resource period has not been converted into resource advantage. High value-added products such as electrolytic aluminum, electrolytic silicon, new energy vehicles, energy big data, energy finance, etc. The downstream industry chain is not deep enough, and there are still many difficulties and challenges in the expectation of relying on green energy to stimulate economic and social development and change the public's production and lifestyle.

Incomplete poverty alleviation and ecological protection mechanisms
The western region is rich in ecological resources and fragile in ecological environment. Most of the energy rich areas are located in economically underdeveloped poverty-stricken areas, resulting in the disharmony of energy rich but poor. It is inevitable to consider a series of problems such as ecological compensation and poverty alleviation in the development of green energy industry to ensure the balance and unity of ecological and economic benefits. The poverty alleviation projects supported by energy enterprises and poverty alleviation projects mainly based on distributed photovoltaic have achieved remarkable results, but they have also increased the business burden of enterprises [8]. The project ecological exclusion and ecological compensation mechanism also lead to the slow progress of energy development and construction, which has a lot of adverse effects on promoting the construction of green energy industry in Western China and expanding green production capacity.

Analysis framework of key constraints on the development of green energy industry in Western China
The existing restrictive factors for the development of green energy industry focus on promoting the large-scale development of green energy and promoting green energy consumption, but less consideration is given to ensuring the supply stability of green energy. This paper is based on Yuan J [7] and Dincer I [8] used the influencing factor model of energy industry development and improved it from three aspects of policy guidance, market improvement and technological progress, and proposed the analysis framework as shown in Table 1

Identification of key factors based on Delphi method
Based on the above analysis and framework setting, with the help of Delphi method, 32 industry experts who have been engaged in energy industry research for more than 10 years from China Power Construction Group, China Southern Power Grid, Electric power design institute, Energy Research Institute and Yunnan Energy Bureau were introduced as members of the expert advisory group to score and evaluate the relevant factors. The specific results are shown in Table 2. The results of the two rounds of consultation show that the development of the green energy industry in the western region is comprehensively affected by various factors such as policy orientation, power structure, and technological level. Among them: formulating scientific development policies that match the local economic development according to the local infrastructure environment and promoting the adaptation of multisectoral energy management policies are the foundation for the development of the western green energy industry. The balance of market supply and demand and stable electricity prices, and the coordination of power supply and grid planning are the guarantee for the stable and sustainable development of the western green energy industry. Innovation of key technologies such as energy storage, grid connection, peak shaving, and promotion of the improvement of the industrial chain to expand market demand are the main driving forces for the development of the western green energy industry. Promoting poverty alleviation and ecological compensation during the energy construction period through government and enterprise support is a necessary consideration for the western green energy industry. Promoting the construction of the entire industrial chain with industrial development, thereby promoting social and economic development, and realizing the national energy security strategy is the ultimate goal of green energy development in the western region.

Conclusion
In response to the actual needs of the development of the green energy industry in the western region, the development characteristics and key constraints of the green energy industry in the western region are systematically condensed, and the potential mechanism of the relevant factors on the development of the green energy industry in the western region is proposed. It provides a useful reference for the green energy industry in the western region to ensure stable energy supply and improve the energy development mechanism. It has certain theoretical research significance and practical exploration value for green energy industry to promote local social and economic development, promote energy structure adjustment and industrial chain expansion.