Renovation as a core of conceptual models of relationship for innovative types of reorganization of digitalized cyber-physical systems of construction objects throughout their life cycle

. The problem of reorganization, as many types of rearrangement in the dyad ‘man - equipment’ (‘ operator- equipment’ in transport; ‘ worker-equipment’ in mechanical engineering; ‘ tenant-building ’ in construction and in housing and communal services), is constantly relevant in a developing society. Modeling of ways and forms of solving this problem, the study of different types of reorganization in the dyad ‘man - equipment’, rationing their characteristics and identifying rational areas of their application in the construction industry of our country has been going on since the first half of the 20th century. Scientific studies of the reorganization problem, the proposed functioning models of each of the types of construction reorganization, formation and improvement of regulatory documents of construction production provide effective activities of construction organizations and a necessary level of quality of processes and results of construction production. At the beginning of the 20th century, the main type of construction reorganization was ‘repair’, which by the middle of the century was divided into three distinguishable categories: repair as such, reconstruction and restoration. Each of these categories has individual properties, characteristics and a range of functioning. The basis for this division was social need. At the end of the 20th century, social phenomena of Russian reality again required a revision of the categories of construction reorganization, therefore, construction science proposed innovative types of construction reorganization (renovation, reversal, recomposition, retreatment, etc.). Each type was a response to a new manifestation of social requirements, all types were equally relevant. Only in the second decade of the 21st century, the urban planning and building production reacted to these achievements of the national building science and chose renovation as a basic type of innovative building. The article discusses a renovati on model (П -graph of innovative types of construction reorganization), which allows analysis (downscaling, disintegration) and synthesis (enlargement, integration) of concepts, levels and results of construction reorganization processes.


Introduction
From the twenties of the past century to the present, three traditional types of object reorganization have been regularized in the directive and regulatory documentation of the construction industry of our country: repair (planned, current, capital, etc.), reconstruction and restoration [1, 2, etc.].
During major repairs, an object is returned to a condition suitable for operation and corresponding either to the project of its initial construction or to one of the implemented subsequent modifications of this project.
During reconstruction, an architectural and construction appearance or the purpose of an object is changed, using its preserved fragments or their descriptions, using traditional and new materials, products, processes and systems (completion, superstructure, expansion, movement, etc.). This is a complex of construction and installation works and organizational and technical measures that change the operating conditions of the building, make up for losses from physical and moral wear and tear, bring the object to compliance with current norms and rules [3, 4, etc.].
During restoration, the objects are monuments of history, culture and art, they are restored in the form corresponding to a certain historical period of the functioning of these objects, they eliminate the effects of time, climatic conditions and human activities.
The creative time of 'perestroika' of the 90s of the 20th century objectively brought to life a group of new (innovative) types of reconstruction: recomposition, technical rehabilitation, renovation, reversal, and retrieval.
Recomposition (recombination) is an arrangement of the components of something in a new order with elements of innovation, improving living comfort on a new technical basis. The term was proposed by K.A. Schreiber and applied to the rebuilding by S.V. Kuznetsov (2004 [5]).
Technical rehabilitation is a comprehensive restoration of functional systems of a building object using energy-saving technologies, materials and systems according to standard projects without evacuation of residents. Rehabilitation is comparable in investment costs to overhaul or reconstruction. After reunification in 1990, Germany has thirty years of experience in the comprehensive rehabilitation of socially oriented (mainly panel) housing [6], where rehabilitation measures are divided into • energetically compulsory (insulation of roofs, attics, facades, basement ceilings; replacement of windows and balcony doors; updating heating systems, hot water supply and ventilation); • energetically optional (waterproofing roofs and foundations; replacing plumbing equipment; tiling kitchens and bathrooms; updating power supply systems; adding new or updating existing balconies and loggias; repair of stairwells; updating the entrance doors of apartments; creating an architecturally expressive image of the building).
The name of another type of innovative building remodeling (renovation) is compliant with the Latin term renovatio (renovation, renewal, reconstruction), however, different users put across different meanings. Referring to the practice of foreign building reconstruction, Vedeneev N.S. and Maklakova T.G. in the 1990s proposed to use the term 'renovation' in the educational and methodical literature of construction universities [7, 8, 9, etc.]. In support of the need for infill construction, the Deputy of Moscow Mayor for Urban Development Resin V.I. introduced the term 'renovation' in the policy documents of the Government of Moscow. At the beginning of 2017, a law was passed on the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow [10], which confirmed the idea of renovation in the Moscow Government: forced release of the territory (demolition of buildings and structures, removal of utilities, networks, etc. from the underground space) to ensure a possibility of new construction, regardless of the degree of preservation of the buildings located on it. There are alternative opinions on the meaning of the term 'renovation' [11]. Renovation is divided into: • forced (urban areas demolished according to officially adopted decisions); • evolutionary -naturally occurring and resulting from accumulated errors or unaccounted consequences, or not fully controlled and uncontrolled cyclic recompositions and / or reversals.
• Evolutionary renovation is the result of a lack of: • possibility to diagnose and monitor the current state of an object according to its safety criteria; • methods and models of accounting and analysis of a combination of results officially registered (accounted for) or performed bypassing the official order of local building redevelopment. The ultimate form of evolutionary renovation is an accident, destruction of an object, or a more serious emergency.
Reversal -a change in the purpose, legal status and ownership of the property being redeveloped. The term was proposed by Chulkov V.O. and applied to construction redevelopment by Golubeva N.N. (2004 [12]).
Retrieval (from the English retrieve -restore, find) -bringing the reconstructed object into good condition by attaching an old functional system of the building to a new system, providing the possibility of replacing elements of the new system locally or as a whole (using the principle of assembly-disassembly) and ensuring elimination of obsolescence of the building and a normal operation of the facility. The main functional structure of a building is an old functional system, and mounted systems for finishing buildings, structures and their interior are a new functional system.

Research methodology
Systemic, comparative and qualitative analysis, infographic modeling and anthropotechnical management have been selected as the basis of the study.

Research results
The types of building reconstruction included in the second group can hardly be called 'completely new' or 'completely innovative'. An attentive and impartial researcher will discover their manifestation, with more or less activity, at any of the historical stages of domestic and foreign construction practice in different types of building reconstruction included in the first group. Until a certain time, they were not displayed in a concentrated form as independent varieties of building reconstruction.
In our country, the types of building reconstruction of the first group (repair, reconstruction, restoration) are products of the previous social formation, they are focused on maintaining stability (repair of a room or an apartment, reconstruction of a building complex or an architectural ensemble, restoration of a cultural monument, etc.). The second group of varieties of building reconstruction in modern conditions of managing and social structure of our country is aimed at reconstruction (destruction of the existing and creation of the new) in line with the business approach.
The objectification and positioning of renovation, recomposition, reversal, and retrieval in modern conditions of management and social structure can be explained by elimination of a tough command-administrative approach, under which such varieties of construction restructuring were 'invisible' (according to the principle: 'there is no such thing in the standards, so there is no such thing in rea life!').
A complete list, structure, and relationships of all potentially possible characteristics of a building reconstruction are never realized simultaneously. Such a multitude has rational E3S Web of Conferences 258, 09026 (2021) UESF-2021 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809026 redundancy, which ensures a complete mutual compatibility of varieties of the building reconstruction. It is necessary to distinguish and systematize these varieties (Fig. 1).

The criterion for distinguishing and systematizing the building reconstruction types is the volume of the used part of the original φ resource (as a percentage) originally included in the project of the building reconstruction object.
The meaning of this functional resource for each kind of building reconstruction is different. For example, during retrieval, such a resource is the area of the surface to be finished inside the premises or the outer surface of a building or a structure being rebuilt.
Since during retrieval the surface requiring finishing, in most cases, ranges from 90% to 100% of the entire surface of the room (or the outer surfaces of external walls of a building or a structure), for this type of building reconstruction φ › 90% [13].
The results of statistical studies of modern Russian construction enterprises and organizations [13, 14, etc.] allow us to determine approximate values of φ for each of the types of building reconstruction mentioned above (Table 1). The given values of φ are not normative, but they allow to specify the area of arising new innovative varieties of building reconstruction to meet various needs. Such needs are produced by: • representatives of public and private ownership businesses, joint ventures, holdings and holding companies, associations; • market conditions for construction products; • innovative technologies of building production; • numerous construction participants (investors; developers; customers; designers; managers; contractors; suppliers; transport, operating and research organizations); • owners and users-operators of construction objects (buildings and structures).

Discussion of the results
In the period of 2015-2020, the urban planning and construction operation responded to the achievements of domestic construction science and decided to choose renovation as the basic type of innovative building reconstruction [10]. Previously equivalent innovative types of building reconstruction are now forced to conceptually determine the relationship with renovation. Let us consider two possible conceptual models ( Fig. 2 and 3). The first conceptual model (П-graph by S.M. Efimova [15, 16, etc.], Fig. 2) interprets renovation as the core of innovative building reconstruction. This defining type of reorganization in building reconstruction has its own goals and objectives but turns to other traditional and innovative types of reconstruction as necessary.
The formal algebraic model of a П-graph, as shown in [15, 16, etc.], differs from the previously known algebra by Codd E.F. (Codd E.F., 1971 [17]) and allows a comparative analysis of network and relational models for studying the types of building reconstruction.
Manipulating informal relations between construction and installation operations in the process of reconstruction of objects allows us to formally set the sequence of work with data based on multi-sorted calculus of first-order predicates with tuple terms.
The body of П-graph (the core of innovative building reconstruction) corresponds to the name of an elementary information unit (type of reorganization 'renovation'). Each leg [15] of a П-graph is associated with a natural number (the number of the leg or its 'label'), a specific attribute value or a whole tuple of some relation. A П-graph is assigned to a domain, and a network of П-graphs is assigned to a tuple and a relation.  This is the managing center for the use of various innovative types of reorganization in building reconstruction, setting goals and defining the tasks of the remaining innovative types of reconstruction within the framework of the applied construction organization [20].
The totality of the considered models of innovative types of structural reconstruction and their relationship is still 'open'. It can be supplemented with the development of society, the widespread introduction of 'informatics' into a person's life (a narrow area of cybernetics [21]), and into his home and production activities -digitalized [

Conclusion
1. The innovative types of building reconstruction have a similar algorithm of their emergence and formation: • arguing the need, they identify the local component of the known variety of building reconstruction (Table 1)