Development the concept of using XML-schemas and requirements for them for the transfer and storage of information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects

. The lack of a unified structure of the information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction objects and the lack of requirements for the composition and content of the information model causes the problem of transferring the information model of the capital construction object from one stage to another in order to exchange and analyze data on objects throughout the entire life cycle. cycle, which will allow to simultaneously take into account technological, financial, technical parameters and the time factor, maintaining the data in an up-to-date and complete state at any time for all participants in the investment and construction process, including management companies, operating, repair, construction, subcontracting, design and research organizations, supervisory and control bodies. The goal of this article is to develop a concept for using XML schemas for transferring from one stage of the life cycle to another and storing information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects.


Introduction
To the main problem of the lack of a unified structure of the information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction objects and the absence of requirements for the composition and content of the information model, it is also worth adding the problems that logically arise from it: 1. Lack of mechanisms for machine verification (verification) of data transmitted in the form of an information model of the capital construction object or certain parts of the information model between different systems (for example, from the customer to the expertise, from the contractor to the GISOGD or other state information systems).
2. Lack of a modern methodological basis for the formation of the structure of the information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction projects.
The goal of this article is to develop a concept for using XML schemas for transferring from one stage of the life cycle to another and storing information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects.
As part of solving this problem, the authors carried out: 1. Development of the concept of using XML-schemas for the transfer and storage of information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects at all stages of the life cycle of capital construction objects; 2. Development of methodological approaches to the use of standard models for the formation of the structure of the information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction objects; 3. Development of requirements for XML-schemas that completely define the structure and composition of the information model both at the top (root) level, which determines the composition of documents included in the information model, and at the lower levels -the components of the information model, taking into account the stages: surveys, implementation of architectural and construction design. For the stages of construction, reconstruction, overhaul, operation and (or) demolition of a capital construction facility, framework requirements have been developed.
The obtained research results are presented in the form: 1. Concepts for the use of XML schemas for the transfer and storage of information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects in the full life cycle.
2. Methodological approaches to the use of standard models for the formation of the structure of the information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction projects.
3. Requirements for XML schemas, which completely define the structure and composition of the information model.

The concept of using XML schemas for the transfer and storage of information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects in the full life cycle
This section of the article provides a consolidated list of XML schemes necessary and sufficient to support the stages of the life cycle of a capital construction object in terms of interaction with the State Information System for the Support of Urban Development. This annotated list of XML schemas provides support for the processes of interaction with state information systems throughout the entire life cycle of a capital construction object.

Methodological approaches to the use of standard models for the formation of the structure of the information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction objects
Section 1 of the article provided an exhaustive list of XML schemes that support the processes of interaction with state information systems throughout the entire life cycle of a capital construction object. Let us further consider the matrices of scenarios for the use of XML schema data in coordinates: participants, stages of the life cycle.

Stage "Engineering survey".
The main participants in the "Engineering Survey" life cycle stage are: -the developer, technical customer, the person responsible for the operation of the capital construction facility (hereinafter referred to as the customer); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work under a contract for the performance of engineering surveys concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person responsible for the operation of a capital construction facility (hereinafter referred to as the contractor); -authorized government bodies of executive power, subordinate to these bodies, state (budgetary or autonomous) institutions, state (budgetary or autonomous) institution subordinate to the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation, State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom (hereinafter -organizations for conducting state expertise).

Stage "Justification of investments".
The main participants in the Investment Rationale life cycle stage are: -a developer, technical customer, a person providing or carrying out the preparation of the investment feasibility study (hereinafter referred to as the customer); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work on a contract concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person providing or preparing an investment feasibility study, an investment feasibility study agreement (hereinafter referred to as the executor); -authorized government bodies of executive power, subordinate to these bodies, state (budgetary or autonomous) institutions, state (budgetary or autonomous) institution subordinate to the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation, State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom (hereinafter -organizations for conducting state expertise).

Stage "Architectural and construction design".
The main participants in the life cycle stage "Architectural and construction design" are: -the developer, technical customer, the person responsible for the operation of the capital construction facility (hereinafter referred to as the customer); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work on an agreement concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person responsible for the operation of a capital construction object on the preparation of project documentation in the form of an information model of a capital construction object, on amendments to such documentation (hereinafter referred to as the executor); -authorized to conduct state expertise executive bodies, subordinate to these bodies, state (budgetary or autonomous) institutions, state (budgetary or autonomous) institution subordinate to the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom" (hereinafterorganizations for conducting state expertise). Fig. 3. Scheme of a scenario for using XML-schemes for the stage "Architectural and construction design".

Stage "Construction, reconstruction, overhaul".
The main participants in the life cycle stage "Construction, reconstruction, overhaul" are: -the developer, technical customer, the person responsible for the operation of the capital construction facility (hereinafter referred to as the customer); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work on a contract concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person responsible for the operation of a capital construction object, a contract for construction, reconstruction, overhaul of a capital construction object (hereinafter referred to as the executor); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work on a construction control agreement concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person responsible for the operation of a capital construction facility (hereinafter referred to as a contractor (construction control)); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work under the contract of designer supervision concluded with the developer, technical customer, person responsible for the operation of the capital construction object (hereinafter referred to as the executor (designer's supervision)); -the body of state construction supervision.  Fig. 4. Scheme of the scenario of using XML-schemes for the stage "Construction, reconstruction, overhaul".

Stage "Operation".
The main participants in the "Operation" life cycle stage are: -the developer, technical customer, the person responsible for the operation of the capital construction facility (hereinafter -the operating organization); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work on a contract concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person responsible for the operation of a capital construction facility for the implementation of routine repairs of capital construction facilities, other contracts providing for the formation and maintenance of an information model by including in such a model interrelated information, documents, materials or their changes, in accordance with the composition of information, documents, materials included in the information model of a capital construction object, the requirements for electronic document formats established by the Government of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the executor).

Stage "Demolition and disposal".
The main participants in the demolition and disposal stage of the life cycle are: -the developer, technical customer, the person responsible for the operation of the capital construction facility (hereinafter referred to as the customer); -an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity performing work concluded with a developer, technical customer, a person responsible for the operation of a capital construction facility, under contracts for the demolition of capital construction facilities (hereinafter referred to as the contractor); -the local government body of a settlement, urban district at the location of the capital construction object or, if the capital construction object is located in an inter-settlement territory, to the local government body of the municipal district (hereinafter -local government bodies); -the body of state construction supervision. The proposed scenario matrices are universal. When new participants or information systems are added to them, they can be transformed under new conditions without the involvement of significant resources.

Requirements for XML schemas
The introduction of digital technologies creates the preconditions for complex interaction and cooperation both between commercial organizations in the construction industry and between regulatory bodies on an international scale. A common language and data standards are vital for the consistent presentation of information, analysis, decision making and interpretation. The formation of common approaches will increase the regulator's ability to interact with other regulators, operators and third-party suppliers within a single information space. Data standards will help ensure transparency, consistency, and reliability of information. Data regulatory standards will reduce the complexity for operators and suppliers both nationally and internationally.
Based on the analysis of XML schemas of various professional organizations, such as BuildingSmart International, Public Petroleum Data Model Association, European Process Industries STEP Technical Liaison Executive, requirements for the structure of information transmitted during the implementation of various stages of an investment and construction project were formulated.
Requirements for the information transmitted during and after the project should be based on the use of this information by the business throughout the entire life cycle of the asset. Given the dynamics of the introduction and development of digital technologies in the construction industry, it is advisable to conduct regular studies to identify all types of activities at each stage of the asset life cycle, which should cover the development of feasibility studies, project planning, design, construction, normal operation, management of abnormal situations, maintenance and engineering work, as well as change management and government control. For each activity, the necessary engineering information should be defined (for each role and the definition of the corresponding rights and access rules). The information requirements for health and safety, safety, environmental protection and quality assurance should also be carefully reviewed. As a result of this study, there should be a business requirements specification that establishes the information requirements for information exchange.
A standard set of information requirements for asset management in an integrated information modeling framework contains the following data: • Access to design information; • Access to schematic drawings; • Access to engineering drawings; • Access to operating manuals; • Access to information on maintenance; • Access to information on spare parts; • Maintenance workflow management; • Hazardous Substances Management (including access to material safety data) spare parts and procurement management; • Improved design and customization of work permissions and access management, including simulation; • Process change management; • New engineering developments and modifications; • Accounting and distribution of products; • Management of safety records; • Management of equipment history and records of maintenance and preventive maintenance, as well as reports on production planning and production schedule; • Operational monitoring and review. It is important to note aspects of the classification of information based on its business value: 1. Not all information has the same business value. A systematic approach should be taken to classify information in order to apply an appropriate information management strategy based on the value of the information.
2. All information can be divided into dynamic or static information.
3. Dynamic information that can be updated to reflect the current state of, say, a plant is different from static information, where it cannot be updated at all. For example, an inspection report, once completed, should not be updated. In this case, only a new report can be generated.
To ensure maximum compatibility with foreign approaches, it is proposed as a basis to use a scheme based on the open standard IFC 4.
As a result of the analysis of existing practice, taking into account the task at hand, it is planned that the XML schema will be managed by the RF Ministry of Construction. It is recommended that you use importing (<import>) XML schema information modeling, that is, use a design approach with a heterogeneous namespace.
It is not recommended to copy information model XML schema components into the project namespace for the following reasons: -very quickly the local copy of the project is out of sync with other XML schemas, which will lead to the impossibility of automated validation of XML documents containing information model data; -the ability to interoperate with applications that will process these and other XML schemas will be lost. The following are some guidelines for developing XML schemas for information modeling: 1. A chameleon-type namespace is used: -XML schemas that contain components that do not have inherited semantics by themselves; -with XML schemas, which contain components that have semantics only in the context of the main XML schema; -when you do not want to hard-code the namespace for the XML schema so that you can assign the projected components the specific namespace of the application in which they will be used.

A homogeneous namespace is used:
-if all XML schemas are conceptually related to each other; -if there is no need to visually identify in the XML document that elements and attributes belong to a particular XML schema.

A heterogeneous namespace is used:
-when there are several elements with the same name (in order to prevent name collisions); -if there is a need to visually identify in an XML document the belonging of elements and attributes to a particular XML schema.

Discussion
The concept of using XML schemas for the transfer and storage of information, documents and materials included in the information model of capital construction objects in the full life cycle includes a draft Roadmap for the development of a system for using XML schemas in state information systems for ensuring urban planning activities in 2021-2028. The draft roadmap includes 2 stages (2 planning horizons) -short and medium term. The short-term planning horizon -until 2023, involves the development of a complete family of XML schemas required to support the life cycle of a capital construction project, taking into account: -presentation of Digital Indormation Model (DIM) and Engineering Digital Terrain Model (EDTM) in the form of XML documents; -submission of descriptions of other electronic documents as part of Information Model of capital construction object in the form of XML documents with the ability to attach scanned copies. The mid-term planning horizon -until 2028, involves the revision of the complete family of XML schemas required to support the life cycle of a capital construction project, taking into account: -presentation of Digital Indormation Model (DIM) and Engineering Digital Terrain Model (EDTM) in the form of XML documents; -presentation of other electronic documents as part of Information Model of capital construction object in the form of XML documents with the ability to integrate at the level of data exchange between various information systems.

Conclusion
Methodological approaches to the use of standard models for forming the structure of an information model at different stages of the life cycle for different types of capital construction objects contain universal schemas of scenarios for the use of XML schemas for various stages of the life cycle of a capital construction object. Requirements for XML schemas, which fully define the structure and composition of the information model, are formulated in an amount sufficient for the development of XML schemas as part of further work. The formulated requirements are consistent with the requirements of the updated edition of the Code of Rules 333.1325800.2017 "Information modeling in construction. Rules for the formation of an information model of objects at different stages of the life cycle".
This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (#BC-4555.2018.1).