Features of the formation of the concept of educational work in an educational institution of civil aviation

The paper discusses the current problem of organizing and forming the concept of educational work in civil aviation educational institutions, which is a special branch of the national economy. It makes increased demands not only on the professional qualities of specialists, but also on their spiritual and moral image, as well as the general degree of culture and harmonious development of the personality. The features of the concept of educational work are shown - the focus on the development of professionalism and social responsibility to ensure safety in the industry. The sections of the concept of educational work and its key areas in educational institutions of civil aviation are considered, the need for digitalization and its consideration in the formation of a specialist's personality is emphasized.


Introduction
A significant role in the educational activities of civil aviation educational institutions belongs to the educational process, which is an integrated element in the overall process of training and development of future specialists. Federal state educational standards of the new generation prescribe the development of educational work programs within the framework of each main professional training program. State policy defines personal development as the primary problem of society and the main priority in the field of education [1]. To form a correct and systematic educational position in an educational institution, it is necessary to develop a concept of educational work, which should reflect not only general approaches, but also the industry-specific features of the educational institution. The main feature of training specialists in vertically integrated complexes of civil aviation, from the point of view of organizing educational work, is a pronounced emphasis on fostering a safety culture, which should be reflected in various sections of the program -it is important to implement all areas of educational work, but focus on ensuring safety [3]. The following areas are reflected in the educational work program: civil, patriotic, spiritual and moral, physical, environmental, labor, cultural and educational, academic.
An educational institution of civil aviation differs from any other similar institution, first of all, in that specialists receiving secondary or higher technical or managerial aviation education, in their future activities, will be daily connected with ensuring the safety of life of all those people who use the services of civil aviation. This is a key feature of a sectoral educational institution and leaves an imprint on the content of the educational programs formed and implemented in it. Firstly, it concerns the structure and content of curricula, which reflect the competence component of the graduate's training, which is expressed in the formation, to a large extent, of professional knowledge, abilities and skills. Working with complex transport systems requires serious fundamental training, since a graduate of a transport university is, first of all, an operating specialist ensuring by his actions the observance of all types of safety [5]. Secondly, the moral aspect of training a specialist who must be ready to make decisions and understand the full responsibility for his actions is important [2]. Such an attitude to one's business, one's future profession must be grown in the learning process. In addition, for specialists in civil aviation, physical and psychological health, labor education, participation in research activities, respect for the environment, the formation of a patriotic position, as well as cultural and educational activities are also important. Only an integrated approach to the formation of the personality of a future civil aviation specialist will make it possible to do this effectively and achieve the formation of the necessary quality characteristics.
Thus, it is possible to formulate the purpose of this study: to outline the approaches to the formation of the concept of educational work of an educational institution of civil aviation, which is focused, first of all, on the key task of the industry -ensuring safety.

Features of the development of the concept of educational work in an educational institution of civil aviation
When developing the concept of educational work of an educational institution of civil aviation, it is necessary to take into account the following features of the university.
First, it is important to assess the role of the educational institution in the industry and its place in the region. Nowadays, there are only three vertically integrated training complexes in civil aviation, each of which occupies a significant niche in the training of specialists for the industry. Two universities are located in the largest cities of the country: in the capital of the Russian Federation -Moscow and in the northern capital -St. Petersburg. The third university is located in Ulyanovsk. These educational institutions are scientific and educational centers, on the basis of which not only educational activities are carried out, but also project activities, which require high qualifications and creative activity of all subjects of the educational process. Civil aviation universities provide training in a wide range of specialties and areas of training, which provide the industry with the necessary specialists not only for aviation personnel, but also for other professions that are important for the successful functioning of air transport companies [2].
Secondly, it is necessary to take into account the degree of students' involvement in the educational process and in extracurricular activities, the independence of their choice of the degree of activity of their own participation in the public life of the university, in all events that are held both in the educational institution and in third-party organizations, as well as in the city or region [4].
Thirdly, when forming the concept of educational work, it is important to take into account the traditions that operate in the industry, the so-called branch identity. In the learning process, it is important to lay the foundations for its formation and this can be called one of the key tasks of educational work in an aviation educational institution. Over the long history of the functioning of civil aviation educational institutions, their own organizational structures for managing the educational system have developed, this mechanism was especially strong in the Soviet period. In recent years, there is a return to the practice of active educational work with students, adapted to modern socio-economic conditions. The management structure of educational work is characterized by an emphasis on the formation of the corporate spirit and culture, the presence of a certain heterogeneity in the divisions of educational institutions (which may be related to the specifics of training and educational programs being implemented), the cult of a healthy lifestyle, and stable inter-university and intra-university relations.
Fourthly, it is necessary to pay special attention to the formation of professional motivation at the stage of training. This will create the preconditions for a more responsible and in-depth study of the educational material, for the manifestation of greater extracurricular activity, including those aimed at labor and volunteer activities in the divisions of air transport companies. Besides, educational work with students and the organization of educational and competitive activities will contribute to the development of motivation for studying in an educational institution, for professional growth and building of labor potential in practical and additional classes [10].
Fifthly, ensuring safety in air transport is possible only under the condition of a responsible attitude to the implementation of all professional tasks by specialists and their high qualifications. This must be laid down at the stage of training in the educational institutions of air transport. In this regard, it is necessary to form the motivation of students for trouble-free and safe work, to strive to ensure safety, to realize the significance of this factor and its key importance for the industry. In this regard, various educational activities can be undertaken, starting with meetings of students with representatives of the industry, veterans who are ready to share their experiences and stories about the events of their working life, ending with in-depth study of the educational material and visiting additional classes on their own initiative outside the scope of the curriculum (possibly within the framework of advanced training programs or additional professional education). For example, for air traffic controllers, such programs can be courses in aviation English, which is especially important in the presence of feedback from the employer -the State ATM Corporation, which notes the insufficient level of English proficiency among graduates of civil aviation educational institutions and is forced to additionally train hired dispatchers, as well as to have translators for possible duplication of radio traffic (and ensuring safety), in the event that the knowledge of the dispatchers in the shift will be insufficient or because of the pronunciation they will not be understood by the pilots of the aircraft. Students themselves can build up their labor potential, realizing the employer's requests and understanding the importance of mastering each component of the educational process [9].
Thus, the concept of educational work in civil aviation educational institutions should be focused on the formation of professional motivation and personal qualities that contribute to ensuring safety. In developing the concept, it is necessary to take into account that the educational process in an educational institution has now become an organic part of the vocational training system and is aimed at achieving its main goal -the formation of a modern competitive specialist with an appropriate level of competence, a complex of professionally significant personality traits, a solid socially oriented life position and system of social, cultural and professional values [6].
When building a concept, the requirements of the new Federal State Educational Standards must be taken into account. In addition, it should be borne in mind that university graduates today must be ready to constantly improve their knowledge and qualification. It is necessary to foster in them the need and willingness to constantly develop and improve their professionalism [7].

Structural component of the concept of educational work
Nowadays, a stable structure of the concepts of educational work of various educational institutions (including higher ones) has developed. As a rule, it includes such sections as: general provisions of educational work, its goals and objectives, principles of education, the model of a specialist, the main areas of educational work, the structure of managing the educational process in an educational institution, criteria for the effectiveness of the educational system, and a system for assessing the state of educational work. In our opinion, it is also necessary to include in the concept a section of methodological foundations of the concept, which will give a fuller and deeper understanding of its significance in the educational process and indicate the leading positions and priorities of educational activities in an educational institution. For educational institutions of civil aviation, in the methodological foundations, it is necessary to designate the priority of professional development throughout the entire period of study [8], the formation of a harmonious personality focused on achieving the main goal in the industry -ensuring safety. Besides, it is necessary to outline the very approach to the system of continuing professional education in civil aviation, which, along with obtaining various levels of professional education, includes the passage of retraining programs, as well as refresher courses. Refresher courses in civil aviation play one of the key roles in the development of personality, and it is necessary to form an extremely responsible attitude towards them at the stage of education in educational institutions. In this case, we can clearly observe the fusion of the educational and training processes. Methodologically, it is necessary to consolidate this approach in the concepts of educational work, since refresher courses are not always included in the system of continuous professional education, which, in our opinion, in the conditions of training specialists for civil aviation, is not the correct approach that requires clarification and adaptation to industry specifics. In this regard, educational work can be aimed at forming a position that implies lifelong learning in the professional sphere, where the main motive should be an increase in the qualification level and development for the benefit of the profession and the industry as a whole.
The areas of educational work can be highlighted in the concept according to the following structure ( Figure 1).
In our opinion, this list of areas of educational work, enshrined in the concept and developed in the Plan of educational work of each educational institution of civil aviation, will allow the most complete and comprehensive approach to the education of a competitive specialist focused on the needs of the industry.
Particular attention should be paid to the final area -digitalization, since it was not previously included in the concept and was considered, at best, an applied element. However, nowadays, especially in the context of a pandemic, the role of digital technologies, both in the educational process and in the extracurricular environment of universities, has increased. And here it is important to include this area in the concept and think over ideas for its implementation, since now students are increasingly communicating in the digital space -an electronic information educational environment in which online classes, as well as interactions between students and teachers, with the administration of the university and among themselves can be conducted is organized in each educational institution. It is important to educate and instill certain norms of mediated interaction, to acquaint students with the ethical norms of such communication, to establish a clear business style and correct presentation of the material and presentation of one's position on a particular issue. These skills are especially relevant for people working with complex technical systems in the transport industry, in particular, in civil aviation. Digitalization is an integral part of the educational process in the training of aviation personnel and other specialists for the industry. Thus, the structure of the concept of educational work for civil aviation educational institutions may be generally accepted with some industry-specific features, where practical orientation and focus on development go through all sections in order to provide the industry with qualified and responsible specialists.

Socio-economic component of educational work
It should be noted that education has all the signs of social relations, and therefore, when developing the concept of educational work in an educational institution of civil aviation, it is necessary to take into account the provision of successful socialization of students. In this case, the vertically integrated educational complex acts as a social institution that influences this process. Throughout the entire period of mastering educational programs, students learn social norms and values that are supported in educational institutions of civil aviation. They take models of behavior, take an example from their senior comrades, teachers and administrative staff, meet with top management at various organizational and ceremonial events -all this influences the formation of personality and motivation to join the professional community. It should be noted that the educational process provides for a system of social control, which allows the behavior of each student to be brought in accordance with the criteria and patterns of activity that are accepted in the educational institution. A feature of socialization in the aviation community is the fact that, as a rule, people come to the industry who purposefully want to connect their lives with aviation and are focused on the traditions and values that the industry adheres to. It can be noted that the process of socialization to the aviation community begins long before the start of training at an educational institution -this can take place both in the family and at school, as well as at various career guidance events -aircraft modeling circles, flying clubs, mass events involving aviation, for example, visiting air shows. All this can be associated with vivid impressions that influence the choice of a profession. Therefore, in fact, in educational institutions of civil aviation, the socialization of the individual and "sharpening" it to the standards and requirements of the industry does not start from scratch, but is a natural continuing process of the formation of an aviation specialist. The social component of educational work also provides for assistance to the unprotected layers of the student community, providing them with additional social guarantees and full involvement in the life of the educational institution.
However, educational work, although it is an obligatory and important part of the life of an educational institution, cannot exist outside of economic relations. Firstly, any activities that the university conducts in the student environment can be assessed from the point of view of resource provision -the required financial resources, as well as human, information, material and other resources. Educational institutions need to set a budget for the implementation of the educational work plan, since not all educational activities can be carried out without financial costs. For example, visiting museums, exhibitions, organizing city tours involves paying for these services, and it is necessary to provide for the participation of all groups studying at an educational institution in these events, at least with a certain frequency and according to a predetermined schedule. Accordingly, in an educational institution where the number of full-time students can be several thousand people, this can become a serious cost item. In addition, any area of the educational concept, to a greater or lesser extent, has its own monetary expression. For example, the participation of students in research activities implies payment of organizational fees for participants in regional, all-Russian and international conferences, travel expenses, publication of conference proceedings and other costs. Thus, educational work should be carried out taking into account the allocated budget. However, in conditions of a limited budget, educational work cannot be ignored, referring to the difficult financial situation. Educational activity in a certain part of it can be carried out without attracting any funds. For example, through such methods as persuasion, argumentation, example of behavior and others. In other words, it is necessary to find a certain balance between the possibilities and needs in the implementation of educational activities.
It should be noted that it is important to support and encourage those employees of the civil aviation educational institution who are actively involved in the educational process. In our opinion, it is necessary to create a bonus fund to support this type of activity, since although it does not give a visible result, it is the ideological basis for the formation of an aviation specialist.
The economic effect of educational work cannot be assessed unambiguously. In this regard, it is necessary to establish indicators of the effectiveness of the implementation of the educational concept in an educational institution. Traditionally, indicators are established that characterize the number of participants in an event held within the framework of the educational concept, as well as the share of participants in the total number of students in an educational institution (sometimes this indicator is calculated as a percentage). Also a fairly common indicator is the amount of money spent on educational activities (patriotic, sports, research and others) per student. However, such indicators are superficial and not informational. It is important to assess not only the costs incurred by the educational institution for carrying out educational activities, but also the result that it brought for the university. This can be either an explicit financial result expressed in the receipt of certain funds, for example, a scientific grant or a prize fund, or expressed in an implicit form -this is the reputation, image of the educational institution, and the presentation of this educational organization as a kind of brand at various events and in various organizations and departments. The creation of a positive brand of an educational institution can attract funds from the founders and government agencies, which will support the initiatives of an aviation university, based on its educational reputation and image capabilities. Besides, active educational work in an educational institution and its obvious positive results (participation and victory in creative competitions, volunteering in air transport companies, interesting internships, participation in international scientific and practical conferences and forums, victories in sports events of various levels, etc.) attracts a significant number of applicants who, in a competitive educational environment, make a decision on the choice of an educational institution, based not only on the availability of certain educational programs, but also on the possibilities of an interesting student life. In recent years, in the context of an insufficient inflow of applicants to higher educational institutions, especially to contractual places, the possibility of attracting interested persons to an aviation university through active educational work and its public presentation makes it possible to overcome the shortage of applicants and form full-fledged groups of contractual students, especially for those programs, which are not specialized for the educational institution of air transport.
Thus, it is necessary to note the importance of carrying out educational work in the social and economic aspect, but one cannot fail to mention the complex system for assessing its results. Each institution engaged in educational activities needs to develop a system of indicators of the effectiveness of educational work and monitor the implementation of the concept of educational activities in order not to deviate from the set course and to carry out activities on a systematic basis in compliance with the basic principles that are included in the concept.

Conclusions
In modern socio-economic conditions, it is necessary to pay special attention to the creation and implementation of the concept of educational activities in educational organizations of civil aviation, which is an ideological mechanism for the formation of a competitive specialist for the industry. The development of the concept of educational activities in vertically integrated complexes of civil aviation should take into account the specifics of the industry and be focused on the formation of students' responsible attitude to the performance of their professional duties, professional motivation and total provision of all types of safety. An operating specialist or a practitioner, which is a graduate of civil aviation universities, must understand and accept all safety requirements and strive to minimize the risks in his activities that may create preconditions for the dangerous performance of work, he must have an intolerant attitude towards any violations committed both to them personally and to those around him who do not allow them to comply with the safety requirements in the industry. In addition, it is important to nurture the desire for professional development and growth, which will provide civil aviation with highly motivated specialists who are passionate for their profession. The structure of the concept can be chosen by the educational institution of civil aviation independently. It should be noted that there are no clearly regulated forms of drawing up this document. However, in our opinion, one should adhere to common approaches to the formation of the concept of educational work in educational institutions, but taking into account the specifics of the E3S Web of Conferences 258, 10024 (2021) UESF-2021 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125810024 time and industry. In particular, it is proposed to develop a section on digitalization in educational work, which is of primary importance in the current conditions, which provide for the indirect interaction of students with teachers and the administration of the university. Social "load" on educational activities may be associated with the support of socially unprotected students and the mechanisms of their involvement in the life of the university. In addition, the social component of educational work implies the process of socialization of students and their introduction to the aviation community. The economic effect of educational work cannot be assessed unambiguously, but indicators should be developed, and the implicit effect obtained as a result of creating a positive image and brand development of an educational organization both among the professional community and among applicants should be taken into account. In conclusion, it can be stated that educational work is an important type of activity that has rich historical traditions and requires special attention from the leadership of educational institutions of air transport.