Control modules in the "Intelligent building" system

. The relevance of the article consists on the use of telemetry control modules to organize the uninterrupted operation for dispatching service, including remote work. Thanks to telemetric means of dispatching control and management of the conditions of water supply facilities, the process is reaching a new qualitative level. The functionality of the water intake unit has been significantly improved as a result of the introduction of a telemetry and telecontrol system in the form of separate technological modules. The developed modules provide additional functions for water quality control, including residual chlorine, accounting for a number of random pollution factors in addition to the route technology of the dispatching system; remote control of executive mechanisms with the possibility of automatic control; self-diagnostics of the software and hardware complex, as well as planning of preventive and repair work of engineering systems. The results of water quality on-line monitoring by using a telemetry module in the chlorination room automatically providing the optimal ratio of chlorine added to the water are presented.


Introduction
An intelligent building (IB) is a system of design, organizational, engineering, technical and software solutions that provide a flexible and efficient technology for servicing a building that meets the needs of the XXI century, in compliance with modern technologies. [1] Water Quality Monitoring (WQM) is a cost-effective and efficient system designed to monitor drinking water quality which makes use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. In this paper, the proposed system consists of several sensors to measure various parameters such as pH-value, the turbidity of the water, level of water in the tank, temperature and humidity of the surrounding atmosphere. Also the Microcontroller Unit (MCU) is interfaced with these sensors and further processing is performed at Personal Computer (PC). [14] Modules automate the work of the station, by reducing the number of accidents at sites and by increasing work efficiency.
Research and analysis of existing life support systems of IB is relevant, since the system achieves: *Corresponding author: sakan@mgsu.ru E3S Web of Conferences 263, 04020 (2021) FORM-2021 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304020 -the ability to control and automatically regulate complex life support networks, consisting of many parts; -ensuring the operability of this system in the specified modes of the environment; -providing functional dependence of individual parts of the system on each other; -ensuring the maximum possible use of third-party (various) resources, for example, in alternative energy, using reference sets (packages) of parameters. [7] The control of the flow rate of the liquid entering the control and measuring tank using various flow meters, as well as the control of the liquid supply and the regulator is detailed in the source [2] When creating automated dispatch control and management systems, great importance is paid to water quality, for example, such an issue as electro hydro-impulse cleaning of hot and cold water supply systems, radiators and boilers. [4] In dispatching, a lot of basic actions that are the implementation of technological processing operations are well known. They are determined by the range of manufactured products and their routing technology. In turn, the set of auxiliary actions is not known in advance and depends on a number of factors associated with the main actions and resources of computer-integrated production. [6] 2 Methods 2. 1. Automated system of dispatch control and management ASDCM WIU (water intake unit) is intended for collecting, processing, archiving and transmitting data to the central dispatching point (DP) of information about the parameters of operating modes and the state of energy metering devices and engineering systems of the VCU facility.
The dispatch service controls the continuity of supply with the elimination of accidents while providing water supply, sewerage, power supply to the "IB" facilities.
Many works have been devoted to the control and distribution of water supply in the city, for example (the city of Santiago de Chile [11], the city of Barcelona-Spain [12] )

The dosing system of the automated series ASDGN for disinfection of drinking water
Chlorination is a common disinfection method in water treatment. This method can be converted into an advanced oxidation process by incorporating UV irradiation during water treatment. [8] The use of the Automated System for Dosing Sodium Hypochlorite (ASDSN) made it possible to organize a local control room (LCR) with a reflection of the disinfection process on a mnemonic diagram of a personal computer monitor in real time.
Dosing complex is a set of equipment responsible for supplying a certain amount of chemical agents at a certain time interval.
The agent dosing complex has the main task of automatically measuring the required amount of reagent, which should be used for water purification, using chemical reagents.
Many of these installations consist of several mandatory metering pumps that are metering (which task is to introduce the exact amount of reagent into the water) and control units (control the operation of the entire system), as well as a metering pump.
These blocks are comprised of automated control slots. They have a user-friendly interface, thanks to which the necessary parameters are configured and set conveniently and easily. The required settings must be specified during the installation of the system, but sometimes they need to be adjusted. Such possibilities for adjusting the set parameters, if necessary, are provided in the control unit.
The system is designed for reliable and prolonged disinfection of water obtained from artesian wells and fed further into the distribution network. The basis of the disinfection process is the working dose of active chlorine, which ensures the proper bactericidal effect of the destruction of E. coli in the treated water during the contact period of chlorine with water.
In drinking water treatment plants generally chlorination is applied for disinfection using Cl2, ClO2, or NaOCl reagents. [9] Determination of the working dose is regulated by the instructions; the frequency of determining the working dose is regulated by the state standard. The time of the contact period, after which the residual chlorine is determined, is regulated by sanitary rules and regulations.
The working dose of active chlorine (D) is defined as the ratio of active chlorine (KCL), gr. to the flow rate (volume) of incoming water (P),m 2 : Hence, the required amount of active chlorine is determined by the ratio: In this formula, D is a constant value for a certain period. P is the value to be determined by the flow meter. Formula (2) clearly and unambiguously dictates the scheme for constructing the technological process of chlorine disinfection (see Fig. 1.) which allows normalizing the contact of water with chlorine. where S is the source of water; Р -water flow meter; B -calculator that determines the value of K CL; D is a dosing device that executes the command of the calculator and directs the specified K CL into the pipeline; E is a reagent storage capacity; ВС is device that determines the actual consumption KCL; CC is a diagram for comparing the set and actual flow rate K CL; A CL is a residual chlorine analyzer (or titration).

Complex work.
The equipment of the system (see Figure 2) is dispersed on the territory of the water pumping station (WPS). The objects located on the territory of the WPS, where the equipment of the complex is installed, include: x directly at the WPS station, a personal computer (PC), flow meters are installed, which determine the flow of water into the PWR from wells.
x pure water reservoir (PWR), with a built-in level gauge to determine the water level in the reservoir.
x room for dosing sodium hypochlorite, where, in accordance with the technological E3S Web of Conferences 263, 04020 (2021) FORM-2021 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304020 scheme, sodium hypochlorite is stored and supplied in certain portions to the pipelines supplying water to the CWR.
x chambers on the inlet pipelines, in which the injection nozzles are mounted, through which sodium hypochlorite is dosed. The equipment operates in the following sequence (Fig. 2). From the transport tank, sodium hypochlorite (HH) is pumped into the storage tank (1). From the storage tank, sodium hypochlorite is pumped into the supply tanks (4) installed on the scales by pumps (2). The rest of the time, the dosing process is automatic. Each consumable container is located on an electronic scale.
The balance continuously monitors the amount of sodium hypochlorite in grams supplied to the pipelines and sends this information to the controller, and from there to the personal computer.
The dosing pumps operate on commands from the controller. Dosing pumps duplicate each other in case of failure of one of them. The lines for supplying sodium hypochlorite to the pipelines and injection nozzles are also duplicated.

. Calculation of the required amount of sodium hypochlorite
The process of calculating the required amount of sodium hypochlorite supplied to the pipelines occurs cyclically for a selected period of time in minutes. The time period (cycle) is selected by the operator and set in the "Setup" menu. The amount of sodium hypochlorite injected per cycle into each pipe is provided by the number of strokes of the dosing pumps determined by the following formula: where Kx is the number of pump strokes, WD is the working dose, mg / l, WF is the flow of water, cubic meters. m / cycle (according to the readings of the flow meter), MCH is the mass number of active chlorine in one liter of sodium hypochlorite, g / l, DPC is the dispenser pump capacity, ml / stroke. The capacity of the metering pumps is determined by a special program and is systematically displayed on the monitor, which allows you to make the appropriate adjustments through the "Settings" menu. The program provides for the determination of where Weight GNch is the change in the readings of the weights for the adopted cycle in grams, MP is the mass number of sodium hypochlorite, (g / l), P V c h is the flow of water, m 2 . meters / cycle. Difference AWD minus residual chlorine represents chlorine uptake, in mg / L. Residual chlorine is determined by titration. Chlorine absorption for water from wells is permanent and temporary.
Thus, AWD determines the amount of residual chlorine, and its stable maintenance guarantees stable maintenance of residual chlorine. To adjust the working dose, the socalled technological factor (TF) has been introduced into the setting, which allows you to correct it within small limits.

Automatic control of the complex
The control system of the complex consists of the following blocks: • Personal Computer, • dosing controller, • secondary measuring transducers of scales, • control unit for pumps HCM and ventilation, • cabinet for coordination with power supply and stabilization units. The approximate composition of the dispensing module is shown in Fig. 3.
The controller (Fig. 4)   The PC is installed in the IPS operator station. The metering room contains the instruments and equipment of the complex: controller, metering pumps, secondary measuring transducers of scales, a cabinet for matching with power supplies, pump control units and an automatic power supply.
The controller is designed to receive signals from devices and sensors, process them, communicate with a PC and issue control signals to dosing pumps.
The methodology presented here is based on a sequence of tests and on the combined use of spatial models (SM) and time series models (TSM) applied to the sensors used for real-time monitoring and control of the water network. Spatial models are based on the E3S Web of Conferences 263, 04020 (2021) FORM-2021 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304020 physical relations between different variables of the system (e.g. flow and level sensors in hydraulic systems) while time series models are based on the temporal redundancy of the measured variables (here on the basis of a Holt-Winters (HW) time series model [13].
All existing networks are protocol built according to the "Master -Slave" principle. The controllers include several measuring channels that collect information from primary sensors, convert and transmit it to the Control Center (CP), as well as broadcast commands from the CP to the actuators. Communication is carried out via a dedicated physical line, a radio channel, a switched channel of a city automatic telephone exchange, a mobile communication channel, etc.
The complex is automatically controlled by a controller and a PC. Water meters are installed on the pipeline. Signals from flow meters measuring the volume of incoming water are continuously fed to the controller and PC.

6. Embedded module.
Chlorination module. Chlorination of water is a preventative measure to prevent organic deposits. Its duration and the intervals between cycles depend on the number of microorganisms in the water and their resistance to chlorine. Chlorination is carried out with gaseous chlorine. Chlorination of water ensures a decrease in biological contamination not only of condensers, but also of all apparatus and pipelines of the technical water supply path. At relatively low costs, bleach is used for the chlorination of water. [10] To ensure the optimal ratio of chlorine entering the water, a module has been introduced into the chlorination room. Thanks to this, the water purification process is automated. The following is a developed piece of code, thanks to which the module performs its work.

Discussion
Automation of the reagent dosage processes helps to reduce their consumption, improve the quality of water after treatment and facilitate the work of the service personnel. [3] When processing drinking water, automation of control of such processes as dosing of reagents, mixing reagents with water, regulation of the filtration rate, chlorination, ammonization and ozonation of water are absolutely necessary, since with manual control the required accuracy of these processes is essentially impossible. [5] The module automates the work of the station. Reducing the number of accidents at facilities, increasing the efficiency of work, and most importantly, water is purified better. Providing the equipment with new devices, thanks to telemechanics, the following actions are possible: automatic monitoring, warning signaling, collection of resource accounting information, diagnostics of communication channels.

Conclusions
The implemented telemetry modules allow automating the work of the station. As a result, to reduce the number of accidents at facilities, to increase work efficiency, and most importantly, water is purified much better. Each controller in the module is configured for a specific task, which makes the system the most optimal, because it is formed taking into account the specific state of the decontamination system. And the use of the proposed method for monitoring and transmitting data allows continuous diagnostics of communication channels, the operability of all systems, and there is no need to send specialists directly to the object every time: parameterization and calibration of devices is carried out remotely. Quick setting of limit levels and operating modes makes it possible to flexibly manage the production process, reconfigure it according to changing tasks. In addition, refurbishment work is underway.