Calculation of bottom sediment discharge in trapezoidal channels

The article shows the advantages of the Van-Rijn method from the analysis of existing calculation methods for determining the sediment discharge. Based on the results of laboratory studies and the Van-Rijn dependence, dependence was obtained to determine the discharge of bottom sediment, taking into account the establishment of the channel slopes. The resulting dependence is compared with the dependences obtained by other researchers, and these comparisons show good convergence between them.

In the deterministic approach, the action of a single-sex large-section particle at the bottom of a flat stream is considered in the mode of square resistances. It is accepted to strain the bottom of the tub, as there will be a basis providing the extraction of discharges from the bottom of the Uzan. This parameter is entered either directly in the computational formulas , or through the size of the flow dynamic speed. As a quantitative indicator of the driving force, the difference( n u u  0 ) in the values of this voltage at the beginning of the underground impulse voltage and particle motion is assumed. In some cases, the difference in impulse voltages is replaced by the difference in the vertical by the middle and non-washable speeds of the current 0 ( / ) av u gd . The differences, in this case, represent the speed of the subterranean particles, and the magnitude represents the number of particles participating in the movement. The difference or ratio of the dynamic speed and its critical speed is considered in other cases [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].
It is also one of the methods of calculation of underground ores. It is a method of determining the number of ores transported from the bottom to the bottom of the channel, which is in the form of an underground wavy motion. The movement of the underground formation that occurs in this situation is considered to be smoothly variable; that is, all the *Corresponding author: shakhboz2016@mail.ru static characteristics of the underground release, particularly its average height and the average length of its rifle, will not depend on the time.
Having considered the movement of the underground wave as flat, we write the complete differential of the height of the desired point of the underground line in one moment [3,4]: You will be able to determine the height and move along the bottom of the bottom on dz 0 this point: Z 0 from the differential equation of deformation, which is written for a point, we get the following: where  is the grоunt porosity coefficient.
By putting (3) to (2) and saying the speed of point movement, we will have the following: By integrating (4), we will have the following: we take that and form the following: (6) by integrating the equation, we will have an equation that will determine the average consumption of ores by the length of: Here C gr , h gr , are the speed and height of the movement of the ridges / gr gr gr h h    , respectively; -the coefficient taking into account the completeness of the wave profile.
It is accepted that in most cases (1 ) Taking this into account, we write (6) in the following form: So, when calculating the comparative cost of underground grays, it will be necessary to determine the height of underground grays and their speed of movement.
The existing computational methods for determining Underground Discharge were recommended based on the experimental data of several researchers. Based on the analysis of these methods, Van-Rijn [3] method was seen to have a slight advantage over other proposed [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] methods. For this reason, the same method was chosen in improving the calculation method of tubular discharge in large graded channels [27][28][29][30][31][32]. According to this method, underground ores act as vibrations and oscillations on the underground surface. The comparative consumption of underground discharges is determined by the following equation.
here b u is the speed of the particles of the underground whitish; g  is saltation moving is expression for discrete particles above the flat bottom, which show the force of balance, which affects the moving particle, are divided by having based on the finite solution of the equation of motion: the forces of resistance and weight, the acceleration and lifting forces of the particle.The link obtained as a result of the finite solution is brought to the following view: The main basis of the method of it is reflected in the following views: here  is the coefficient of fluid kinematic curvature; * u -incoherent dynamic roughness velocity; *cr u is dynamic speed of the beginning of the movement of flux, which is determined from the curve of Schields [5].
Schields [5] to facilitate the detection of the dynamic speed of the start of the movement of tubular discharges.Summarizes its proposed curve graph with the following image: here θ -.The Schields parameter is defined as follows: On the basis of the finite solution, the author proposed the following links of determining the comparative cost of ointments: Van-Rijn Engelund -Hansen's method of calculation, which he created based on the results of Experimental Research [6], Ackers-White [7] and Meyer-Peter-Muller [8] the results of the comparison with the methods are included in Table 1. As a dimension representing the degree of compatibility of accounting information, the following parameter was adopted: In Table 1, the following methods with Roman numerals are defined: I Van-Rijn ; II -Engelund -Hansen ; III -Ackers-White; IV -Meyer-Peter-Muller .  I  II  III  IV  I  II  III  IV  I  II  III

Method
The aim of this study was to investigate the movement and size of the underground streams in the channels in the form of the trapezius. The trapezoidal channel is a Van-Rijn [3,4]. As we have described above in the development of the calculation method of subsurface discharges, has a much more predominant aspect than other calculation methods in our opinion. It was aimed at improving the method of calculation. This method was developed on the basis of the data that the author conducted his experimental research in the stretch, which is very broad. And we use this method on the grunt channels in the form of a trapezium.
To this end, laboratory research was conducted in the laboratory of the counterengineering and economic institute.
In the laboratory, 4 series of experiments were carried out on a trapezoidal channel model with side slopes recovered from the sand (average diameter d=25 mm) inside the metal Lotto. The duration of the experiments was 5-6 hours. At the end of the experiment, we measured the weight (G) of the discharge collected in the sink by washing from the channel model in a weight meter. Also, the cross-sectional profile of the channel was measured. In the process of conducting experiments, such as studies on the washing of the stream / B  , the movement of underground discharges in the first place was manifested from the places where the channel intersects with the slopes of the bottom and sides. As a result of this, slowly began a violation of the slope / B  of the side of the channel and the intensive movement of the axes.

Results and Discussion
When the experimental laboratory data on the study of tubular discharge are compared with the values calculated according to the Van-Rijn formula, it appears that the data obtained under laboratory conditions are slightly larger than the values obtained. The presence of this difference can depend on The Shape of the cut Trapezium, friction on the perimeter of the wetting, the slope of the side of the channel and other factors.
We see that the ratio of the high level of the flow rate of the wetting perimeter to the width affects the depth of the bottom and hanging discharge transport process. Based on this (18), we enter the linkage ratio, and the link takes the following view for trapeziumshaped channels: In this ratio, / B  is the coefficients of slope to the side of the trapezoidal channel are directly involved. The obtained experiment proved the correctness of the hypothesis that the ratio of the high levels of / B  flow rate of the wet perimeter put forward by us when the data is processed statistically affects the process of Subsurface and suspended whitewash transport.
In the conditions of trapezoidal ducts, the link for the full consumption of underground discharges (20) (20) showed much more reliable results than the values calculated according to the formula Van-Rijn, Engelund -Hansen and Ackers-White compared to the values calculated according to the formula(figure 1).
It was also seen that the values calculated by the formula (20) were compared with the values calculated by the Formula Van-Rijn, Engelund -Hansen and Ackers-White.

Concessions
So, considering the above-mentioned characteristics of underground ores in non-connected ground trapezoidal channels, the recommended connections can be used to predict ores in the channels.