Qualitative and temporal characteristics of electronic document management processes in cargo and commercial operations

The article presents a methodology for determining quantitative indicators of the quality of documents of station commercial reporting SCR. The attributes of the document quality components are described. The relations between the documents are determined, while the direct and indirect relations for subsequent documents are revealed. To quantify the quality of the documents SCR proposed methodology consists of the following stages: determination of quality characteristics of documents SCR; determine the methods and procedures for measuring and evaluating the selected quality characteristics; quantitative assessment of quality characteristics using the proposed methods. To substantiate the adequacy of the research results based on the theory of a dynamic probabilistic loaded graph, a model of a dynamic probabilistic technological process is developed.


Introduction
It became obvious that the introduction of electronic document management in technological processes in organizations with a large volume of work has significant effects. On the railways of such countries as Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, electronic interaction between customers and carriers has been practiced for a long time. Studies have been conducted to prove the attractiveness of the use of electronic document management in terms of social significance and economic effect. In the scientific works of scientists I. A. Yelova [1], M. M. Kolos [2], and M. A. Potter [3] considers the issues of development of measures to improve the work of railway transport of the Republic of Belarus in the context of the use of electronic legal documents covering various aspects of the technology of freight and commercial work and also revealed the advantages of using electronic legally significant documents and implementation of forward-looking assessment of the effectiveness of electronic documents in freight and commercial work. However, these studies did not consider quantitative indicators of the quality of documents when filling out on electronic forms and on paper.
In the scientific works of Yu. I. Sokolov [4], A. A. Alferova [5], the issues of methodology and model for assessing the quality of transport services for cargo owners in railway transport are considered. But the issue of determining the methodology for determining the quality of documents involved in transportation processes is not considered.
In the articles of E. P. Bulavsky [6,7], the issues of determining the quantitative indicators of technical documentation for railway automation and telemechanics devices are considered. The methodology is developed, and the qualitative characteristics of the technical documentation are calculated.
In the article [8], the processes of cargo planning and dispatch in composite document management are modelled. The advantages of electronic document management in terms of time characteristics of filling in and remote customer service are identified.
The analysis of the works presented above showed that the quality of the station commercial reporting documents was not evaluated by quantitative methods. The lack of quantifying the quality of SCR systems can cause an increase in defects in work, increasing the financial and time risks associated with cargo operations and transportation operations. Since on the railways of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the documents of the SCR, it is necessary to assess the feasibility of switching to electronic document management in terms of the quality of documents involved in the transportation process.

Document quality SCR
All documents have attributes, i.e. properties that define the distinctive features of each of them. Thus, the total number of document properties involved in cargo and commercial processes is defined as the sum of the attributes of each document.
For each document, the standard deviation can be defined documents -predecessors or successors. A precursor document is a document from which this document is created, based on or using elements, attributes, and relationships. A sequence document is a document created based on or using the elements, attributes, and relationships of a given document [3; pp. 37-39].
The documents are created in accordance with the current filling technology. With a manual filling, the relationships between the documents of the predecessors and the followers are determined heuristically, so the probability of errors in this method is higher. With an automated filling, some of the links are strictly defined, and their accounting is carried out automatically by the software. Figure 1 shows the relationships between the main types of SCR systems. The connectedness of the SCR documents is determined by the correspondence of the follower attributes to the attributes of the generating document.
The quality of the follower depends on the quality of its predecessors, from the corresponding reference data, and the level of use of information from the database. With an automatic filling, all the links, and automated filling, some are strictly defined. The software takes these connections into account automatically. Preparing and filling in the documents of the station commercial reporting system SCR under the control of specialized software should be under strict control to ensure high quality of transportation. The features of the automation systems for the preparation and filing of the SCR include the fact that the attributes strictly comply with the Rules of Cargo Transportation (RCT) and the instructions for maintaining station commercial reporting (IMSCR) [5]. Figure 2 the main attributes of the GU-12 application are shown.  To assess the quality of the station commercial reporting documents, a methodology is proposed that consists of the following steps:: 1. Determination of the quality characteristics of the station commercial reporting documents.
2. Definition of methods and order of measurement and evaluation of the selected ones. Quality characteristics.
3. Quantitative assessment of quality characteristics using the proposed methods. Determining the quality characteristics of station commercial reporting documents The following indicators can describe the quality characteristics of the station commercial reporting documents ( Fig. 3): ease of obtaining information (the ability to obtain information from relevant sources); connectivity between documents (matching the documents of the followers to the predecessors); compliance with standards (compliance with the documents of the station commercial reporting rules of cargo transportation, international standards and regulatory and reference documents); ease of perception of information.

ease of getting information
The quality of the documents station business reporting ease of perception of information compliance with standards connectivity between documents The convenience of obtaining information is understood as the availability and accessibility of the necessary instructions, references and tips for the correct execution of documents. In automated document processing systems, it is possible to obtain information from the corresponding database.
The connectedness between documents is understood as the correspondence of this document to the previous documents that are part of this transportation process. Simultaneously, the content of some determines the content of others, but this correspondence is not always unambiguous. Having direct links between docume nts makes it easier to verify their validity. The number of direct links between different documents is determined by the amount of information contained in each of them.
Under the standards refers to the conformity of the document SСR RCT IMSCR, international standards and normative references.
Ease of perception of information, it is fast processing of information, the level of fatigue of vision, the level of memorization of the necessary data.

Defining methods and procedures for measuring and evaluating selected quality characteristics
The quality of the SСR documents can be represented on the basis of the description of the characteristics proposed above. Thus, the quality of the documents of the SСR system is described by the functional form: where, С у -ease of obtaining information, С с -connectivity of documents С стcompliance with standards, С а -ease of perception of information.
We will perform a quantitative assessment of the characteristics of the transport documents as follows.
A quantitative assessment of the convenience of obtaining information can be determined by selecting the appropriate value described in Table 1. For electronic document management, С у =0.9, since information about attributes can be obtained from auxiliary reference books and from the database in an automated or automatic way. Therefore, in the paper document flow, we accept С у = 0.5, since for paper documents, obtaining the necessary information can be quite time-consuming.
Connectedness is defined as: where, c N is the number of attributes associated with previous documents, a N is the total number of attributes in the document,  is the coefficient of accounting for links between documents. Since in the electronic document flow, the links will be taken into account automatically, it is advisable to take =0.93. In the paper document flow, the presence of previous documents will be required for the reconciliation of attributes; therefore, it is fair to accept  =0.65.
We will determine compliance with the standards by selecting the values of the appropriate level from Table 2. Electronic document management will include format and logical attribute control for compliance with the standards for this type of document. In paper document management, the correct completion of documents depends on the employee's qualifications or the shipper. From the above, we can estimate the degree of compliance with electronic document management standards as С ст =0.1, and paper document management С ст =0. 5.
The convenience of information perception can be evaluated based on research by foreign scientists. According to American researchers, text from a computer screen (monitor) is perceived 25 % slower than when reading from a sheet of paper, which must be taken into account when preparing documents [6]. Therefore, in the electronic document flow, С а =1, and in the paper document flow, С а =0.75.

Quantitative assessment of quality characteristics using the proposed methods.
The results of the expert assessment of seven different documents are summarized in Table 3. A graphical representation of the evaluation of the quality of documents SСR shown in Table 3-4. According to the proposed method, them shows the results of a quantitative assessment of the quality of the documents. The value of each of the quality characteristics is represented by a dot on the corresponding axis. The larger the area of the resulting quadrilateral, the higher the quality of the document Table 3. Thus, the proposed structure of indicators makes it possible to quantify the quality of SCR documents and to model document flow processes. It provides the ability to submit requirements for documents in electronic form and makes it possible to compare options for the implementation of document management in freight and commercial work on railway transport.

Results
The study of temporal characteristics with the use of probabilistic dynamically loaded graph A dynamic probabilistic loaded graph (DVNG) is called a directed graph We introduce a definition: dynamic probabilistic process (DTP) is called dynamic probabilistic loaded graph process chain corresponding to the description of the workflow process and processing the set of transport documents are logically interrelated, functionally complete a sequence of operations.
which is the probability vector of the existence of the corresponding arc from the vertex Ordered sequence of arcs In [9; p. 64-67], the principles of assessing the quality of transport documents are set out. We formulate the modelling problem as an estimate of the process execution time (Table 4), depending on the achieved quality of the document and the start time of the processes. Consider the process in Fig. 2.
An event is a moment that reflects a certain stage of the project, which is the moment when an individual work or group of works is completed, and a new work or group of works can be started. The event has no duration in time; it is considered that the event occurs instantly. The network allocates initial (initial) event that marks the beginning of the work (project initiation), and final (ending) means the completion of all works of this complex (project completion) [10].
Events on the network graph are represented by circles (graph vertices), and works are represented by arrows (arcs of the oriented graph), while fictitious works are usually represented by dotted arrows [27].

Conclusion
We introduce the following notation: Х 1 Х 8 -process events П; The adjacency matrix for the specified graph will have the form:

5)
The probability matrix will look like