Genesis of the Russian agro-industrial complex: historical and legal aspect

The article examines the genesis of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the historical and legal aspect. The authors analyze the stages of the development process of the agrarian sector of the Russian economy, covering the period from 1918 to 2000, noting both positive and negative events that took place locally in the state policy of the country for the specified period. The authors emphasize that at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, the socialist system of regulation of the economic mechanism of the agro-industrial complex completely outlived its usefulness, which contributed to the adoption of political decisions that marked the beginning of the modern stage of development. agrarian reform in Russia. Today, in a difficult foreign policy situation, the preconditions are being created within the country to stimulate and develop the domestic agro-industrial complex, which is the basis of the country's food security.


Introduction
The agro-industrial complex is one of the largest intersectoral economic complexes. It includes diverse areas of the economy, including agriculture and certain industries associated with agricultural production.
Traditionally, the agricultural sector occupies a special position in the Russian economy. Semin A.N. and Kibirov A.Ya., this sector is "one of the key and priority components in the system of the national economic complex, since it ensures the food and national security of the country" [1]. The problems of its functioning affect the interests of the entire state. And they arise quite often, which is associated with the static nature of the agricultural sector, which has difficulty adapting to changing market conditions. Possessing significant natural resources, possessing significant human, scientific and educational potential, Russia could take a leading position in the world market for the production of essential food products. Meanwhile, the unstable development of the domestic agro-industrial complex, given a long-term period of stagnation and degradation of all sectors of the economy, has led to numerous problems in this area. The current state of the agro-industrial complex depends on many factors -state strategy, level of funding, technical production capabilities, historical conditions of development.

State legal regulation of the agricultural sector in the Soviet period
The de. ve. lo. pme. nt o. f a. gro-industria. l co. mple. xe. s in Russia be. ga. n a. t the e. nd o. f the 1920s with the fo. rma. tio. n o. f a. gro-industria. l co. mple. xe. s pro. ducing, pro. ce. ssing a. nd se. lling a. gricultura. l pro. ducts. Ho. we. ve. r, we. a. k le. ga. l re. gula. tio. n, unfa. vo. ra. ble e. co. no. mic situa. tio. n did no. t co. ntribute to the furthe. r de. ve. lo. pme. nt o. f inte. gra. tio. n, which re. ce. ive. d a ne. w impe. tus o. nly in the e. a. rly 70s.
The a. gro-industria. l co. mple. x is a co. mple.
x o. f industrie. s with clo. se e. co. no. mic a. nd pro. ductio. n re. la. tio. nships. O. ne o. f the ma. in co. nditio. ns fo. r the dyna. mic de. ve. lo. pme. nt o. f the a. gro-industria. l co. mple. x is the pro. po. rtio. na. lity a. nd ba. la. nce o. f a. ll its co. mpo. ne. nts.
Fo. r mo. re tha. n a ce. ntury o.

Problems of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the 2000s
In the e. Morozova, "the head of state has a special place in the system of state authorities. However, this situation does not allow us to interpret the power of the President of Russia as towering over all other branches of government" [10]. This leads to the conclusion that the main support of the agro-industrial complex should be based on federal laws passed by parliaments, not decrees and orders of the head of state. However, a. ll the. se me. a. sure. s a. re fo. cuse. d prima. rily o. n impo. rt substitutio. n.
A. s E. Kra. sno. pe. ro. va no. te. s, the Russia. n e. co. no. my is go. ing thro. ugh difficult time. s [11]. Corruption and opacity lead to unreasonable increases in the prices of agricultural products. We agree that the best way to support agricultural production in the state is to increase investment costs for roads or education in rural areas [12]. A. cco. rding to the fa. ir judgme. nt o. f Che. rke. so. va, E., Miro. no. va, D., De. mido. va, N. "e. co. no. mic a. nd fo. o. d se. curity a. re be. co. ming a prio. rity fo. r the sta. te in co. nditio. ns o. f high po. litica. l insta. bility a. nd disruptio. n o. f fo. re. ign e. co. no. mic re. la. tio. ns" [13]. We a. re in so. lida. rity with the o. pinio. n o. f Fa. sto. vich, G.G., Ka. psa. rgina, S.A., a. cco. rding to which "the mo. de. rniza. tio. n o. f the a. gro-industria. l co. mple. x will a. llo. w the Russia. n Fe. de. ra. tio. n to impro. ve its na. tio. na. l a. gricultura. l po. licy, a. s we. ll a. s to stre. ngthe. n the sphe. re. s o. f influe. nce in the inte. rna. tio. na. l a. re. na. " [14].
Thus, in the context of a difficult foreign policy situation, the preconditions are being created within the country to stimulate and develop the domestic agro-industrial complex, which is the basis of the country's food security.