Methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of growth poles in the economic space of the region

. Due to the global world transformations caused by the spread of the new coronavirus infection, the regional development policy requires a radical rethinking. The world economic community is busy looking for new factors to accelerate economic dynamics. The use of space resources, the advantages of polarized development is the basis for the formation and development of growth poles. However, the problems of assessing the effectiveness of this territorial entity remain poorly developed. The purpose of this article is to propose a methodological basis for assessing the effectiveness of growth poles in the economic space of the region.


Introduction
In connection with the spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), a decline in the economy is recorded in many countries. Thanks to anti-crisis measures, many governments have minimized the impact of the new coronavirus infection .
Given the new reality, it is necessary to get out of the current crisis situation and find options to improve the economic condition of the state. One of the keys to achieving this goal is the application of the "growth pole" concept.
It should be noted that each researcher interprets the concept of "growth pole" and its components differently. Some scholars have pondered the effectiveness of such a policy in the economy of the state.
Taking into account the above, the authors will try to put forward an approach for assessing the effectiveness of growth poles on the territory of macroregions of the Russian Federation.
• is formed and functions with the aim of solving problems of the national economic level of significance, • concentrated in a limited and compact area, • ensures efficient use of resources, • is served by a unified infrastructure system and ensures the creation of the planned living conditions for the population and environmental protection. " A team of scientists led by A. A. Urunov believes that "the economic category of the "development pole" is directly related to such a concept as" points of economic growth " [7].
As a result of their research, it was revealed that "the higher attractiveness of development poles and the propulsive action of growth points is due to the action of a synergistic effect, which manifests itself in the diversification and modernization of enterprises in the compactly located territory of the region." According to scientists, the synergistic effect is defined as an increase in the efficiency of activities as a result of integration between technologically related industries belonging to different sectors of the economy, when new more productive properties arise: benefits from the joint use of the industrial and social infrastructure of the region, an increase in the volume of freight traffic, and expansion of product markets [7].
As part of the study, the authors will apply theoretical and empirical methods to develop an approach to assessing the effectiveness of growth poles in a macroregion.

References
The analysis of scientific publications carried out by the authors revealed that many researchers have different understandings of the essence of the "growth pole" concept: − as a group of enterprises (companies) concentrated in a certain territory; − as a group of innovative (progressive or leading) industries; − as a city of administrative importance; − as an urban agglomeration. The authors understand by the concept of "growth pole" a complex of enterprises concentrated in a certain territory and having a strong impact on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the socio-economic development of the region.
A necessary condition for the emergence and further organization of this or that growth pole is the provision of the necessary infrastructure for the effective functioning of enterprises.
In addition, tools of tax reliefs are used, including the reduction of administrative barriers, on the part of the state (region) as a motive for the interest of large enterprises in the presence of one or another pole of growth.
According to the authors, the following classification of growth poles is distinguished, based on their content and purpose [8]: − clusters; − an innovative science and technology center (technology parks, science cities, satellite cities, an innovative quarter within a city); − special economic zones; The third stage is to build a model that will reflect the dependence of the values of indicators of socio-economic development of the territory (subject of the Russian Federation) on the number of formed growth poles. Statistical data of the subjects of the Russian Federation for 5-10 years will be presented according to the information of the government executive bodies. After constructing the assessment, it will be necessary to describe the results obtained and assess them.
In accordance with the hypothesis, the values of indicators of socio-economic development will improve due to the introduction of growth poles and their economic return.

Conclusions
The "growth pole" concept is one of the instruments of regional policy to achieve economic growth. Taking into account the foreign experience of introducing growth poles, it is necessary to rethink the effectiveness of this concept, identify problem points and subsequently develop proposals for improving the practice of introducing growth poles in a particular territory of the Russian Federation.
Therefore, an important step is to develop an approach to assessing the effectiveness of the "growth pole" concept in the macroregions of the Russian Federation.