Effectiveness of Digital-Based Agricultural Extension Implementation in Central Bangka Regency

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of digital-based counseling in Central Bangka Regency. Respondents in this study were 335 people consisting of farmers and agricultural extension officers in 6 (six) districts in Central Bangka Regency. Data were collected through survey activities using a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed based on quantitative analysis using the Logit test. Based on the research results, it was found that all the variables studied were significantly related to the effectiveness of digital-based extension implementation in the Central Bangka Regency.

delivery of information communication and the adoption of location-specific technology to users hampers the dissemination of innovation / technology from the results of locationspecific research and development to the community. Efforts to increase the acceleration of technology adoption must be made by further enhancing communication, coordination and acceleration of technological innovation with related parties. This increase in adoption can be done with a dissemination approach that is more adapted to the current millennial era, namely through the dissemination of technological innovations through digital media.
The output of this study is expected to accelerate the process of spreading technological innovation to farmers. The faster the user farmers get the information they need, the faster they will solve the problems they face. In addition, the speed with which technological innovation is accepted, it can improve the cognitive abilities of user farmers towards agricultural innovation.
Straubhaar, et al [1] explains that rural communities, especially farmers, also really need to increase their agricultural business capacity. The agricultural business needed by farmers is found in the entire cultivation process they do, harvest, and harvest. Furthermore, farmers also really need skills in the marketing process of their agricultural products. Agricultural management, entrepreneurial activities, networks, and other capabilities are in accordance with the demands of the times. The needs of farmers in the current millennial era can be met quickly through mastery of information technology. There are various media that function to provide opportunities for people to find their needs. The need can be felt urgent if someone has been faced with a problem. In addition, needs can also be felt important if someone has the desire to increase their cognitive level [1].
According to Susilowati [2]  Based on the results of Mulyandari [3], it was found that by utilizing information technology, farmers felt the benefits of improving communication, access to information and means of promotion. In line with the results of this study, with socialization activities and training on the use of information technology, farmers have succeeded in increasing the level of accessibility of technology-based information systems for empowering farmers in making agricultural business decisions [4].
Prayoga [5] found that the information dissemination process could be obtained evenly by user farmers using various agricultural applications. In addition, with the use of various agricultural applications, it can attract young people to farm, and farmers can more easily sell their agricultural products. Rendra et al. [6] found the results of research that there was a strong relationship between increasing the human resources of agricultural extension officer, Head of Farmer and Farmer Groups and the use of digital-based extension application media in the aspects of knowledge and skills in using digital media.
From the results of his research, Permana [7] found that the performance of agricultural extension officer was influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors that can influence are the competence of an agricultural extension officer. External factors that can influence include the availability of facilities by the Institution / Government and leadership. Furthermore, in terms of the performance of agricultural extension officer. Utami [8] obtained the results of research that there is a real relationship between extension facilities equipment and media accessibility with communication behavior and the relationship between agricultural extension officer's communication behaviors.

Method
This study was conducted in July -December 2019 at 6 (six) BPPs in Central Bangka Regency. It is hoped that the data obtained will determine the level of use of digital media by agricultural extension agents in the process of implementing agricultural extension in the Central Bangka Regency.
This study was conducted with a participatory approach using the Purposive Selection method, with farmers and agricultural extension officers as respondents. The scope of digital media is digital media commonly used in Indonesia, namely social media and available agricultural applications. The social media that will be studied include Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Youtube. Agricultural applications that will be studied include Cyber Extension, SI KATAM, MyAgri, TAKESI, Coffee Expert, and Sapa Mektan. This study will also carry out Technical Guidance regarding the use of digital media for user farmers and the use of media for agricultural extension officers. The purpose of holding this technical guidance is to determine the level of adoption of user farmers in receiving digital-based information. In addition, this technical guidance is also carried out to determine the level of ability of agricultural extension officers in carrying out extension by using digital media.
This study was conducted with a focus on activities, namely the use of digital media in the process of implementing agricultural extension officers. The use of digital media can be in the form of social media or agricultural applications that are already available. The process of implementing extension can be seen from the level of farmer adoption and the types of methods and media used by agricultural extension officers in the agricultural extension implementation.
This study uses primary data and secondary data. Primary data collection was carried out using survey techniques using a questionnaire. Primary data will be analyzed quantitatively. Secondary data were obtained from various institutions and literature related to this study.

Results and Discussion
This study was conducted on 335 (three hundred and thirty five) respondents from 6 (six) Districts in Central Bangka Regency. Respondents consisted of 65 agricultural extension officers and 270 farmers Based on the results of the assessment, it was found that the variables tested in this study consisted of 9 (nine) independent variables. The logit test results show that there is a relationship between independent variables on the implementation process of digital-based agricultural extension in Indonesia. This can clearly be seen in table 1.
Based on table 1, it is known that Number of Digital Equipment Owned and Number of Digital Media Owned have an Exp (B) value below the lower limit (95% C.I. for Exp (B)). This means that number of digital equipment owned, and number of digital media owned have a very significant influence on the extension implementation of digital-based in Indonesia with a 99% of confidence level. Meanwhile, Age, Education, Understanding of Using Digital Media, Intensity of Using Digital Media, Intensity of Extension Activities, Experience and Expenditures have a significant influence on the extension implementation of digital-based in Indonesia with a 95% of confidence level. This can be explained by the value of the Exp (B) variable between the Lower -Upper interval of 95% C.I. for Exp (B).
Age is one of the respondent's internal variables which is thought to be related to the extension implementation of digital-based. From the results of the interview, it was revealed that the age of the respondents varied from the youngest 21 years to the oldest 63 years. Judging from that age range, overall respondents are in productive age. That is, the opportunity to carry out digital-based extension is large [9]. In addition, Mita, et al. [10] explained that age can influence a person in making decisions about an object.
Apart from age, the education level of the respondents is also an internal factor that can influence the digital-based agricultural extension implementation. The education level of the respondents varies with the vulnerable from primary school to tertiary education. Respondents who have a low level of education are respondents who received formal education to high school. While the higher education level is the respondent who received postgraduate formal education. The level of education greatly influences someone in doing what they want [11]. [12] added that the level of education can have a positive or negative influence on a person's decision to do something.
Based on table 1, it is known that Age, Number of Digital Equipment Owned and Number of Digital Media Owned have an Exp (B) value below the lower limit (95% C.I. for Exp (B)). This means that age, number of digital equipment owned, and number of digital media owned have a very significant influence on the extension implementation of digital-based in Indonesia with a 99% of confidence level. Meanwhile, Education, Understanding of Using Digital Media, Intensity of Using Digital Media, Intensity of Extension Activities, Experience and Expenditures have a significant influence on the extension implementation of digital-based in Indonesia with a 95% of confidence level. This can be explained by the value of the Exp (B) variable between the Lower -Upper interval of 95% C.I. for Exp (B).
Understanding of using digital media correlates with the number of digital media owned by respondents. The more respondents understand certain digital media, the more often they will even use that digital media. Based on the results of this study, it was found that not all respondents understood the application that was the test indicator, so not all respondents had various amounts of digital media in using this digital media. This is because the applications used by respondents tend to go to other social media. [13] Kamila, et al. [13] found that the higher the respondent's understanding of an optical object, the more diverse the object will be used.
The number of digital equipment owned by the respondent is related to the intensity of the respondent's use of digital media. The more digital equipment the respondent has, the higher it will be in using the application. According to [14], the relationship between the amounts of goods produced in a production activity (output) with the production factors used (input). Aminah, et al. [15] obtained research results that the number of equipment owned by respondents in conducting an audit using an application (system) is significantly related to the high intensity of respondents using the application (system) in auditing. Furthermore, [16] found that there is a very real relationship between the intensity of using digital equipment in manufacturing work and the number of digital equipment owned by the company.
Respondents experiences relate to the amount of expenditure of respondents in implementing digital-based counseling. The more experienced the respondent is, the higher the cumulative expenditure he has made. Sanusi, et al. [17] explained that innovation adoption is influenced by the experience of the community or group in the surrounding environment. The more experienced people around them, the faster and more precise the adoption process will be. The driving factor for a person to gain extensive experience is expenditure. The higher a person's expenditure in an effort to obtain something, the higher the experience in undergoing the achievement process [18].  Table 2 explains that the significant value of the omnibus test is below 0.05 with a confidence level of 95%. The Omnibus Test with 9 (nine) independent variables resulted in a significance value lower than 0.05. This shows that there is a significant influence of the nine independent variables simultaneously affecting the implementation of digitalbased extension in Indonesia. Then the Nagelkerke R Square value is the R squared value in linear regression. This means that each of the nine variables is able to influence 87% of the implementation of digital-based extension in Indonesia, while the other 13% of the implementation of digital-based extension in Indonesia can be explained by other factors outside of these nine variables.