Development of a Tourism Village Based on the Integration of Language Education and Local Potential (Case Study in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia)

The development of Language Education Tourism destinations in Karanganyar Regency is a model that can be used for developing tourism villages in Indonesia. The goal of the research is to discover how language education is able to become a tourist attraction and boost the local economy. The research method is qualitative and uses a case study approach to explore how language education is integrated with local potential to create a model for the development of a tourism village. In a case study, data collection includes various sources, such as observation, interviews, FGDs, audio visual material, documents, and reports. Informants in this study were local communities, village officials, leaders of Isy Karimah Islamic boarding schools, head of tourism village development associations, the young people’s organization (Karang Taruna), souvenir craftsmen, local financial institutions. Data analyzed by interactive analysis. The research results show that the integration of education of three languages (Arabic, English, and Javanese) with local potential (art, culture, agriculture, and stockbreeding) is an important entity in developing the local economy. The integration of the education of these three languages with local potential is found in a number of destinations of tourism villages.


Introduction
Tourism for community development is not a new agenda. The concept and approach of community based tourism development are conceptualized as an alternative strategy to the conventional mass tourism model. This alternative approach has been designed to create a sustainable tourism industry in numerous locations throughout the world, thereby improving the local living conditions, with a long-lasting effect, and ultimately, encouraging sustainable community development [1]. Furthermore, states that in community capacity building, it is necessary to carry out transformation at the level of human awareness, to move from a naive, magical awareness towards a critical awareness [2]. This critical awareness will subsequently make local communities realize that they have a huge potential to attract tourists, through their traditions, cultures, or the beauty and uniqueness of their natural surroundings [3,4].
Ideally, the development of a tourism village is the development of an area that has the ability to empower the local community and is based on the potential of natural and environmental resources in that area, but in reality, the development of tourism villages taking place at the present time is not always in line with the wishes of the surrounding community. Some of the common problems are poor wages and unhealthy work conditions. Frequently, this negative externality originates from irresponsible business practices implemented by tourism companies [5]. The negative externality specific to industries is often rooted in the capitalist approach adopted in the development model of conventional 'mass tourism'. In this scheme of development, investors are encouraged to exploit local resources for profit oriented activities which may eliminate the access of local residents to these assets. This article will describe the development of a tourism village that integrates language education and local potential.
Education is a process which aids human development, or in other words humanizes human beings. Education helps people to perfect themselves as human beings [6]. Human beings are God's creatures who were born with the potential to be educated as well as to educate, thus enabling them to become caliphs on earth, supporters and developers of culture. According to Ibn Khaldūn [7], the true essence of human beings is as God's servants and representatives on earth, creatures created by God with full potential, complete with the senses of hearing, sight, and reason, enabling them to become pure intellectuals and possess a spirit of perspective. In the opinion of [7], human beings are the only creatures who can embody their humanity because human beings are creatures who need education. The development of this human dimension is through the intellect that accompanies each dimension [8]. Covey talks about intelligence, which he refers to as an innate gift of each dimension, as intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence. It is through the development of each of these kinds of intelligence that the human dimension undergoes development. Every effort to develop must have direction in order for the development to be meaningful for human beings and not be misdirected.
One way of initiating positive change in the tourism industry is through sustainable innovation, which is an integral aspect of social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship can reduce economic disparity in a country if entrepreneurs work together closely with local communities. According to [9], social entrepreneurship should not only be oriented towards profit and or growth, but should also encourage an agenda for holistic development and focus on improving community welfare. Innovation is also extremely important for destinations that want to advance in a competitive tourism industry [10]. A destination will have a competitive advantage if the local tourism business follows a social entrepreneurship model that uses innovative strategies in connection with product and service offers, organizational structure, operational process, logistics, and marketing [11]. It is important to note that this competitive advantage, which is founded on innovation, should not only generate better financial profit but also provide social value [11].
In order for social entrepreneurship to build a competitive tourism industry, high selfefficacy is needed. According to Bandura, self-efficacy determines how people feel, think, motivate themselves, and behave [12]. Bandura explains about the effects and functions of self-efficacy in terms of the cognitive function, motivational function, affective function, and selective function. In entrepreneurship, self-efficacy is used as a benchmark for the possibility of an individual to start a business [13]. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is shaped by taking into account two broader convictions, namely self-efficacy in learning and creative self-efficacy [14]. Self-efficacy can be used in understanding the creative actions of an individual [15].
The development of a destination is believed to evolve in six different phases, namely exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, and decline or rejuvenation, each of which is marked by a number of identifiable features. The goal of tourism in the first stage is concerned with exploration and involvement, and this early stage is marked by only a small number of tourists. Special facilities are not yet available for visitors. Therefore, there is a high probability of using local facilities and engaging in contact with local residents, which in itself can present a significant attraction for some visitors [16]. The development of a destination is carried out to support the evolution desired by tourists, focussing solely on offers that provide an interesting experience, high quality infrastructure, and outstanding service in order to attract repeat visits [17]. Tourism is a broad phenomenon and it is important to consider the network of stakeholder relationships (networks), the strategic decision to expand business (competitiveness), the participation of organizational actors (governance) and the sustainable development of these systems (innovation and research). In tourism, innovation requires networks and systems of cooperation because companies are mutually dependent. In this way, territories have a primordial role [18,19].
Research result has been done about local wisdom, conclude people in Thailand start studying collectively the problems in society are restore traditional local wisdom integrated with new knowledge [20]. Meanwhile in Romania, people rural areas realize that they have "treasures" in the form of each traditions, natural environment and how they are work. Through tourism in the form of geotourism, cultural tourism, agrotourism and traveling can be practiced successfully in Romania [21]. Although there are some local people whose involvement is low, but some have able to develop resource capitalization resources and promote tourism villages by holding a national tourism exhibition rural area. Research result in Bulgaria in the region mountain for tourism seen as a complex activity. Thing it involves additional activities such as production, services, transportation and education. Alternative tourism development in the mountain has a chance in solve problems in society such as unemployment, low income, economy narrow and backward business compared to lowland areas and big cities [22].
The purpose of this research is to carry out a detailed exploration of the development of a tourism village as a vehicle for integrating language education and local potential, to help build the image of a religious tourist destination in the world of tourism. This is an extremely important task because tourist destinations have in the past generally been associated with a life that is far removed from religion and local culture. It is therefore hoped that this research will propose the best practice for developing a religious tourism destination.

Research Methods
This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive method and was conducted in the Language Tourism Village in the Hamlet of Pakel, in the Karangpandan District of Karanganyar Regency. Qualitative research is research using a method of direct interviews to understand the attitudes and behavior of individuals and groups, in which open interviews are used to examine and understand the different points of view [23,24]. This method was chosen because the researcher wanted to describe accurately and systematically the forms of community empowerment, supported by the relevant facts.
The selection of the object for the research was related directly to the research focus. The object chosen for this research was the parties involved in the process of community empowerment. The study was conducted from April to September 2021. The informants selected by the researcher were the head of Pakel hamlet, the head of Isy Karima Islamic Boarding School, the head of the young people's Karang Taruna organization, and community representatives who participated in the empowerment process. Based on the selection of samples, the researcher chose to use a purposive sampling technique, in which the collection of samples used criteria determined by the researcher. This technique prioritizes samples of data and informants to explain the phenomena occurring, rather than using a population that is too large to expound the conditions relevant to the research [25], [26]. The selection of samples was decided based on criteria determined by the researcher, and included the head of Pakel hamlet as the person responsible for channelling information and directing the community; the head of Isy Karima Islamic Boarding School as the initiator of the innovation and the source of information for the idea of empowerment; the young people's organization (Karang Taruna); and community representatives who contributed to and participated in the village empowerment program. This criteria-based selection ensured that the informants were people who understood and knew about the operation of the community empowerment program through the language tourism village. Informants in this study were local communities (10 person The data sources for the research included primary data and secondary data. The primary data was obtained through the primary source of individuals, and was acquired through in-depth interviews and observation [27,28]. The interview process for the research used a technique of data collection through face to face or direct interviews in order to obtain complete and in-depth information [29]. A semi-structured approach was used for the interviews so that the researcher could ask additional questions outside the guidelines in order to obtain data and information that was more comprehensive and detailed [30]. The researcher used a method of non-participant observation, visiting the field to seek information by observing the activities and interaction between individuals in the research location [26]. The researcher used the primary data source of observation and interviews together with secondary data collected from documents, books, journals, and photographic documentation. The next step was for the researcher to test the validity of the data using source triangulation. The triangulation of sources focuses on the researcher at the time of data collection by using a variety of data sources. Similar types of data can then be investigated in more depth along with a number of different data sources [31]. The data collected was presented in the form of sentences and a conclusion was then drawn using a technique of interactive analysis. According to [30,32], this model of analysis is described by Miles and Huberman as the collection of data based on phenomena in the field, and the subsequent analysis using an interactive model. The three stages comprised in this data analysis were: data reduction, including the process of report writing based on the data collected, followed by the reduction of data to provide an illustration about the empowerment of the community in establishing a tourist destination; data presentation, by organizing the data in groups to facilitate the researcher's analysis; and conclusion, as the final result [33].

Result and Discussion
The presence of the Language Tourism Village in erdu Village, Karangpandan, is closely related to Isy Karima Islamic Boarding School. Language Tourism Village was established in 2017. The community empowerment in this village is one of the acts of service provided by the boarding school for the surrounding area. There was a calling to build a village that would become a tourist destination while at the same time contributing to the development of human civilization. In the beginning, the local community was given the opportunity to learn Arabic, English, and Japanese free of charge, at any time that was convenient, depending on whether they were free in the morning, afternoon, or evening. Those attending these free language tutorials ranged from children to elderly people living in the community around the boarding school. This confirms the statement that in community development, the education system must be provided by the developers themselves [34]. The attraction of tourist objects, not only lies in recreational or entertainment values. Educational and religious values have recently become the main attraction for most tours. Therefore, in good community development there is a need for education for the development itself. In Table 1, it can be seen that language education has an effect on spiritual intelligence, social entrepreneurship, and self-efficacy. The spatial layout of the village relied on the awareness of each family, in accordance with the existing local potential and under the supervision of the educators from Isy Karima Islamic Boarding School. The community empowerment began with an analysis of the existing potential in the local community. The community was also centered on development, suggesting that community development is a process in which members of the same locality work together for shared goals [35]. Implementation of the National Program for Community Empowerment of Tourism Mandiri through Tourism Villages on the Development of Tourism Potential in Mandailing Natal Regency is implemented quite well, indicated by the empowerment of local young people in tourism management such as ticket guards, parking guards and cleaners, some of the village communities have opened businesses or sales at tourist attractions. [36]. The existing potential in the local community is shown in Table 2. Community involvement in a Tourism management is something that cannot be separated. After all, society is an element of development itself.

Characterization Impact Internal skills
By learning to understanding the Arabic language, the local community and visitors to the tourism village can increase their religious knowledge, beneficial for their lives. People understand that business is not only for the self interests of the individual, but instead they develop a spiritual vision and the ability to take wisdom from suffering. People develop a new awareness that the local potential can be managed founded on religious values.

External skills
Stronger mutual cooperation and togetherness in developing existing local potential, marked by collective business management. Land that in the past was unproductive is now utilized by the community and has been turned into productive land for the common good.

Orientation
People understand that business is not only for the interests of the individual but also for the benefit of the community in order for them all to achieve mutual prosperity. People are aware that business is not only focused on profit alone but also takes into consideration the surrounding environment, for example by preserving the environment and improving the welfare of the local community. They realize that this is not merely a social act but also has the additional benefit of helping to advance their business.

Capital
People are aware that money is not the primary element of capital but instead, it is the values of social capital that determine success in business.

Cognitive function
People are aware of the local potential that exists nearby and can be managed to bring added value. For example, bamboo, which in the past has been used only for kitchen equipment, is now used for making various kinds of souvenirs with a high economic value.

Motivational function
People develop a passion for business, utilizing the local potential that exists nearby, marked by an increase in the numbers of young people setting up new businesses.

Affective function
People feel that their lives are comfortable, calm, and free from anxiety or depression despite the difficulties in the current economic situation, because they have the social support of their neighbors Selective function People have the ability to choose and sort their activities based on what is good according to religious teachings.
The Islamic boarding school has integrated language (culture) with the existing local potential in the local community. Table 3 shows that spiritual intelligence, social entrepreneurship, and self-efficacy are all factors that determine success in developing the local economy. In this research, these three entities are proven to have the capacity to inspire the local community and have a very wide impact on community development in the local area Builds an attitude and behavior that encourages people to produce something useful for the community and recognize and respect the success of others Relationship between human beings and the environment Builds a sense of concern for the environment from an early age and fosters children's creativity so that they are able to develop the potential of their surrounding environment Camping ground and Gazebo with a tree house A place where people can stay for a few days with family or colleagues who belong to the same organization or association to form connections between families

Relationship between human beings and God
Brings people closer to God through admiration for all God's creations that surround them Relationship between human beings Builds humanistic relations, togetherness, and mutual cooperation between people, and instills a sense of independence for people to live their lives Relationship between human beings and the environment Raises awareness about the carrying capacity of natural and environmental potential for people's lives, promotes good hygiene, service, and forward thinking Horse riding tourist spot Facilitates access to horse riding, which is generally regarded as a sport for the middle and upper classes, so that it can be enjoyed by anyone, because horse riding was also a habitual practice (Sunnah) of the Prophet

Relationship between human beings and God
Strengthens faith in God, that people were created as caliphs in this world, to optimize all that exists in the world and lead a life that follows the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad Relationship between human beings Builds cooperation, encouraging people to share knowledge, as well as helping to build the local economy Relationship between human beings and the environment Raises awareness about harmonious relationships with all God's creations Various supporting facilities and media have been built to integrate these two aspects. The purpose of building these facilities and media is to facilitate visitors to the tourism village and to serve as a vehicle for developing human civilization and increasing religious values. However, in the management of this community-based tourism, the role of local people is prioritized, because the main objective is the welfare of the local community through economic improvement by utilizing the existing potential [37], The various entities of the Language Tourism Village are shown in the Table 4.
The Village Government and Isy Karima Islamic Boarding School are the two main parties that have worked on the development of the Language Tourism Village, each in accordance with its own role. The village government coordinated with the district government to obtain funding from the local government budget (APBD), the main target of development being the road infrastructure. In 2019, the village government obtained IDR 100 million from the APBD funds for paving the roads, IDR 75 million for building retaining walls, and IDR 30 million for reinforcing the roads with concrete slabs and other uses. The village government also received the facilities and opportunity to carry out a comparative study in the city of Malang to learn about tourism management. In 2020, the village government expanded the development of its tourism potential to surrounding areas, developing the creative economy by establishing centers for growing eggplants and bamboo handicrafts. This is in line with [38], who explains that the practice of community development can overcome problems and meet needs by improving relationships between members of the community, fostering togetherness, and encouraging enthusiasm for empowering local potential. Hence, the model for community empowerment is different in every area, because every village has its own unique characteristics and local potential [38], [39], [40].

Integration of Language Education and Local Potential
 Spiritual intelligence  Social entrepreneurship  Self-Efficacy

Religious Tourism
Village  Rumah Nabawi (house like in Madinah)  Play area for children living near the village  Meeting hall  Camping ground and gazebo with a tree house  Horse riding tourist spot center have been underway since 2019. The village government has also prepared a selfie spot and 5,000 square meters of land belonging to the village treasury that has been planted with durian and avocado trees. The seedlings were donated by the Solo Watershed Management Office (BPDAS). Management plans will subsequently be left up to Village Owned Enterprises. The impact of tourism village development on the welfare of the community is the increasing number of creative economy business actors, decreasing the rate of urbanization, absorbing local workers. all of this has an impact on increasing the purchasing power and income of local communities. The diagram below shows the model for a religious tourism village based on integration between language education and local potential.

Conclusion
The Language Tourism Village in Karanganyar Regency has succeeded in establishing a religious tourism village based on language education and local potential. The existence of this religious tourism village can set an example to show the best practice for changing the negative image of tourism to become more positive. Tourist sites, which are usually viewed in a negative light, will thus see a positive change and become associated with religious and cultural values.