The Novoroscement plant in the city of Novorossiysk

. The object of the research is the Novoroscement plant. The location of the plant is shown below in Figure 1. The Novoroscement cement plant is located in the eastern part of the city. After reconstruction of the plant treatment facilities have been installed at the plant and the dust removal system of the clinker cooler was modernized. The location of the enterprise has got a lot of advantages. It is located next to the non-freezing sea, and it has got a convenient transport infrastructure (railways and roads). Cement is a key building material and special attention should be given to the selection of “green technology” in the process of its production. We understand that preference should be given to the more environmentally friendly wet process of cement manufacturing. The location of the plant at the present time is the most convenient both in terms of safety for the life of the population and in the economic sense. The plant operates on such raw materials as marl. The marl’s extraction and delivery to the point of production play an important role.


Introduction
The city of Novorossiysk is located in the south of the Russian Federation in the sunny Krasnodar region in a southwestern direction.The shores of the Tsemesskaya Bay of the city of Novorossiysk are washed by the waters of the Black Sea.
The object of the research is the Novoroscement plant.The location of the plant is shown below in Figure 1.
The Novoroscement cement plant is located in the eastern part of the city.
The Novoroscement plant is one of the oldest enterprises in Russia.In 1882 Alexander II issued a decree on its construction.Nowadays the enterprise consists of three plants, two of them are located in Novorossiysk ("Oktyabr" and "Proletary") and one of them is located in the village of Verkhne-Bakansky ("Pervomaisky").The production capacity is 4 million tons of cement per year and the volume of sold products is 2 billion roubles.The wet process of cement manufacturing is the main one.After reconstruction of the plant treatment facilities have been installed at the plant and the dust removal system of the clinker cooler was modernized.The location of the enterprise has got a lot of advantages.It is located next to the non-freezing sea, and it has got a convenient transport infrastructure (railways and roads).The nature around the enterprise is very picturesque.The Tsemesskaya grove is situated nearby, and the Black Sea coast also includes the Tsemesskaya Bay.The city's terrain is uniform.The city is located in a mountainous area.
In the south-west the highest point of Khrebet Navagir is 447 metres (Koldun Mountain).In the north the highest point of Saharnaya Golova Mount is 558 metres.The city's terrain is considered to be mid-mountainous.Mountains perform the function of protection from cold air masses moving from the continent.
Water resources of Novorossiysk are diverse.There is the shallow river Tsemes, Lakes Solenoe and Abrau.The Abrau is situated at a distance of 14 kilometres from the city.It is the largest freshwater lake in our region.
The climate of the city of Novorossiysk is special.The distinctive feature of the climate is the presence of cold north-east winds and southern winds.The maximum wind speed reaches 45-52 metres per second.The average temperature of sea water in Novorossiyskaya Bay varies from +7 °C to +12 °C in winter and from +20 °C to +25 °C in summer.The compass rose is shown in Figure 2.

Research materials
Tsemesskaya grove is one of the most valuable green areas of the country.Different plants such as willow, ash, poplar and maple grow on its territory.There are also low-growing climbing vines, wild grapes and brambleberry.A large number of violets, bluebells and buttercups grow in this area.
The animal world of Novorossiysk is also diverse and includes insectivores, rodents, predators and artiodactyls.There are hedgehogs, moles, shrews.One of the most valuable animal in hunting is the wild boar.The jackal, which can be found searching for fish in the coastal zone, is very common.It does not climb high into the mountains.There is also a forest cat living in the upland zone and in forests along river valleys.
Conducting the research environmental scientists have come across the fact that there are species of rare and unique birds, but some of them have not been seen for a long time, for example, the goshawk.

Research result
Since the cement plant is a rather dangerous production, therefore, there is a need to establish sanitary protection zones (SPZ).Thus, the first national sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation signed a resolution dated May 23, 2008 №31 "On establishing the size of the sanitary protection zone of the property complex of JSC "Novoroscement" in the city of Novorossiysk, Krasnodar Region".This resolution specifies in details the dimensions of the SPZ in relation to the cement plant: to establish for the property complex of JSC "Novoroscement" (the "Proletary" cement plant, the "Oktyabr" cement plant, the marl quarry, DCS, motor convoy №1) on the territory of the eastern industrial zone of the city of Novorossiysk, Krasnodar Region, a single sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of variable size: in the northern, northwestern, northeastern, eastern directions (the marl quarry) -300 meters from the border of the industrial site; in the south-west direction (the "Proletary" cement plant and the railway transport shop) -300 meters from the border of the industrial site; in the western and north-western directions -150 and 290 meters from the border of the territory of the industrial site of the "Proletary" cement plant, 575 and 505 meters from the nearest hot springs of the "Obzhig" shop of the "Proletariy" cement plant; in the south-eastern direction -105 meters, 50 meters, 330 meters from the border of the industrial site of the "Oktyabr" cement plant; 140 meters, 70 meters, 375 meters from the nearest hot spring of the "Clinker Roasting and Raw Material Preparation shop" of the "Oktyabr" cement plant; in the southern direction -340 meters from the border of the quarry or 515 meters from the nearest source of the shop "Roasting clinker and preparation of raw materials" of the "Oktyabr" cement plant; 245 meters from the boundary of the industrial site of the "Oktyabr" cement plant or 720 meters from the nearest hot source of emissions "Clinker roasting and preparation of raw materials" of the "Oktyabr" cement plant [1].
To calculate the percentage of projective cover of lichens on trees, we used the "palette" method.In this way, the actual result is obtained.For this, a frame made of transparent film, squares are drawn on the frame, the length and width of the sides are 1 cm.
For measuring the film with squares is attached to the tree.Further, the number of lichens in each site is considered.If almost the entire square is occupied by lichens, then we consider the number of squares where lichens conventionally occupy 100% of the area.If less than half of the square is overgrown with lichens, then 50% of the area is assigned to them.The percentage of the Total Projective Cover (R) can be determined by the formla: Cement is a key building material and special attention should be given to the selection of "green technology" in the process of its production.We understand that preference should be given to the more environmentally friendly wet process of cement manufacturing.Despite the more expensive equipment and the complexity of the presented production, it allows to reduce energy consumption and the abundance of cement dust, that will positively affect people's health.
An index that can characterize the number of lichens on the test site.Frequency of occurrence in table 1. Turning to the choice of alternative options for the location of the cement plant, taking into consideration the above mentioned factors and the impact of its operation on the environment and human health, the location of the plant at the present time will be shown below in Figure 3.

Conclusion
The percentage of projective coverage by lichens is calculated by the formula: R = (100a + 50b) / С designated C -the total number of squares in the palette occupied by lichens.
All areas of the test sites were averaged.
On the first site in the western residential area of the city (microdistrict Cheremushek), on the street.Dimitrova gardening is represented only by tree species.
Around the multi-storey buildings grow holly-leaved, western sycamore, small-leaved linden, pedunculate oak, prickly spruce, eastern spruce, Crimean pine, Nordman fir.The first tier includes a ripe and ripening stand (consists of trees over 7 m in height).Barrel diameter 30 -60 cm.The trunk and branches inhabited by lichens, bark crevices, the bulk is concentrated at heights from 1 to 2.5 m.The impact of human activity is average.Recorded on the street.Dimitrova, the movement of cars, trolleybuses, fixed-route taxis, passage of any freight transport is prohibited.
The most common lichens from the first site are Parmelia goat Parmeliacaperata (L.) Асh., Xanthoriaparietina (L.) Belt.Physciapulverulenta (Sсhreb.Candelariaconcolor (Dicks.).Stein.On lindens, there was a star-shaped office and a round theophisia.Xantoria mural thallus (X.parietina) found on all trees in small numbers without appothecia.P. caperata (L.) Асh It has a leafy thallus, often rosette-shaped, irregular in shape (up to 22 cm in diameter), in the center it is tightly fixed to the substrate.The upper surface is yellowish-greenish (in bright places) or grayish-greenish (in the shade).The underside is brown with darkish ribs, X. parietina (L.) Belt has a thallus over 2 cm in diameter, in the form of regular orangeyellow rosettes, consisting of large, wide, rounded at the edge of the lobes.The blades are notched-cut at the ends.In the center there are numerous apothecia, the disc of which is usually brighter. .pulverulenta (Sсhreb.).Has a thallus in the form of large regular rosettes, from above from olive to dark brown color, often with a strong bluish bloom, which makes it appear ash-gray, dark below, with thick dark gray or black rhizoids.In total, we met 11 species of lichens, nine of them are leafy and two types of scale (candelaria and lepraria).We did not find any other forms of lichens on the test plots.
The location of the plant at the present time is the most convenient both in terms of safety for the life of the population and in the economic sense.The plant operates on such raw materials as marl.The marl's extraction and delivery to the point of production play an important role.So, if the plant is moved to the north-west of the city, the cost of raw materials' transportation will increase and the plant will be even closer to the population of the city, and then the strongest winds of Novorossiysk will deliver much more tons of cement dust into the city and, as a result, the incidence of the population and the mortality rate will increase, since most diseases caused by cement dust can be incurable.Consequently, it is not advisable to transfer the location of the plant.

Fig. 3 .
Fig. 3.The location of the plant at the present time

Table 1 .
Assessment of the frequency of occurrence of lichens "Compiled by the authors"