Analysis of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of agricultural industry

. As you know, the effectiveness of the actions of the government of any country in any area directly depends on the development of a particular sphere. The agro-industrial sector is no exception. This industry is one of the fundamental parts of the state's economy. In this regard, the legal decisions of the authorities should be timely and relevant. The author sees as his goal the analysis of the main policy directions in the field of agro-industry. It is important to evaluate certain actions, proposals and programs being developed at this stage of political activity. Consideration of the experience of foreign countries helps to fully assess the external political situation, as well as draw conclusions about internal changes. In the work, we find it expedient to consider regulatory legal acts that are the starting point for making various decisions. The authors also consider statistical data, which helps to fully understand the level of development of the agro-industrial complex. The paper presents conclusions about possible concrete proposals for improving, improving and changing some provisions and plans of government bodies. Each approach to action in practice should be justified. The changes should meet the current political and economic situation, which also determines the special impact of monitoring the situation. The article reflects on how effective the agro-industrial sector is today, what changes will help to adapt most accurately and effectively to the current political situation. The agro-industrial complex is a large sector of the economy, which sometimes plays a dominant role in the development of the economy of regions and the country as a whole. Thus, the topic is


Introduction
Today, the agricultural production complex is in a state of rapid development and is undergoing many modernization changes. The embargo, as well as effective measures of state support, contributed to the creation of favourable conditions and areas for optimizing the field of business, entrepreneurship and industry in the agricultural sector. Provided that the conditions of an economic and social nature are provided by the state, the creation of which is necessary to achieve high results of farming, farming and other agricultural enterprisesit becomes possible to guarantee sufficiently high growth rates of productive indicators of the agricultural complex of the country. Provided that the state provides conditions of an economic and social nature, the creation of which is necessary to achieve high results of farming, farming and other agricultural enterprises, it is possible to guarantee a sufficiently high rate.
All the guidelines and decisions on specific issues on the part of the supreme power in the modern conditions of the rule of law should be not only scientifically sound, public and relevant to the real situation, but also competently implemented and implemented in the form of legislative activity, namely, in the creation of adequate normative legal acts, in the practical actions of the authorities at different levels. The administrative and executive activities of the government should be measured and meet the requirements of the stage of development of the agro-industrial complex at which the country's agro-industrial complex is currently located. If the decisions of the highest authority do not correspond to real actions in practice, then this state of affairs can lead to an inadequate assessment of political decisions, contradictions in several areas.

Methodology
The author considers statistics as one of the most important areas of research methodology. Due to statistics, an assessment of the current situation is carried out. In the era of political changes at the internal and external level, this is very important.
The theoretical approach helps to understand the essence of the main provisions, terms, proposals in the field of agriculture. Consideration of scientific data, works of scientists helps to conduct the analysis in the most detailed way. Such a method as comparison is also of great importance. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the political actions of several foreign states. Empirical arguments are given. Legislative acts are being considered.
When working with information material, legislative acts, as well as in the process of reviewing the policy in the field of agro-industrial complex in foreign countries, the author sets himself the task of directing the reader to understand the importance of the government's choice of methods and methods of conducting the country's agricultural policy.

Results of the research
The study of statistical data helps to analyze the topic chosen by the author in the most extensive and detailed way. Statistics in figures clearly show the current situation in a particular area. Official legal information portals provide information that the Government of the Russian Federation has extended the state program for the development of agriculture. Now such a program has been approved until 2025. The Ministry of Agriculture cites data according to which the volume of budget allocations under the plan is more than 3.5 trillion rubles. Of these, a little more than 2.3 trillion rubles are allocated to the development of the agro-industrial complex.
In order to track the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia, we will turn to the operational review of the export of agricultural products as of August 8, 2021. The data is available on the official website of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation.

Discussion of results
Before starting the discussion on the chosen topic, it is worth noting that the development of peasant farms in Russia originates from the distant past. Such farms were the foundation of the country's agricultural industry. A large number of experts in the field of economics spoke about the stability that peasant farms provided for the Russian economy.
Today, the development of peasant farms occupies one of the main places among the directions of development of the agro-industrial complex. Such farms have now acquired another name -"farming". This production sphere is regulated by such normative legal acts as the Law "On Peasant (farmer) economy", the Land Code of the Russian Federation and others.
Today there are more than two hundred farms in the Russian Federation. The modern development of farms indicates economic growth, especially in the agro-industrial sector. The agrarian reform, which is being carried out in the country today, sets the main goal to ensure the country's food security. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that the role of the state in the development of the considered sector of the economy is huge. Competent policy management, rapid adoption of timely and relevant decisions, development and support of farms, assistance and assistance in cooperation with foreign countries will only increase the speed of achieving results for the development of the agroindustrial complex in Russia.
There is a variety of opinions on what exactly to invest in understanding the essence of agrarian policy. Undoubtedly, such a policy is part of economic policy, which leads to a 2018 2019 2020 2021 mixture of strategies and ways of conducting these policy directions. But the opinion remains united that the agrarian policy ensures food security and stability of the state, contributes to the positive handshake.
Today, the task is to work on the creation and implementation of such a strategy for conducting policy in the agricultural sector, which could not only ensure the solution of the most important issues mentioned above, but also fulfill the tasks related to the competitiveness of the country in the external food market, the development of rural areas, both social and economic, create favorable conditions for foreign investors. The products of Russian manufacturers should be in demand at the world level. This trend will help bring the agro-industry to a level at which the agricultural sector of the country will become independent from foreign countries, and products on the domestic market will also be independent, due to which it will be possible to completely replace imported products on the domestic market.
The state needs to constantly work on creating conditions that will contribute to improving the efficiency of the agro-industrial sector. One of the important factors in the formation of such conditions is the intensification of production. The processes of modernization, scientific and technical progress can be called components of the intensification of the agro-industrial complex. This number also includes the development of investment and innovation activities. The intensification of production in the field of agricultural industry increases the competitiveness of the country in the field of agricultural production, increases the efficiency of production and makes it more efficient. High indicators of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex of the country are also achieved due to the competent distribution of labor, its motivation. In addition, a high level of product quality and low production costs are considered a necessary link.
The use of modernized technologies, the introduction of innovative technical and scientific achievements will undoubtedly increase the efficiency of the agro-industrial sector. High economic efficiency depends primarily on the investments that the manufacturer does not spare for its production. Here it is necessary to strive to achieve the goal of maximum efficiency of each invested resource. Thus, we can describe the essence of the intensification of production.
Considering the situation that has developed at the moment in the Russian Federation, it becomes obvious to observe some of the difficulties that arise in the field of labor. Labor productivity, as well as the low level of wages in production, triggers the process of reducing employment in rural areas, in agricultural production. This problem reaches a special scale among young people, because a fairly significant percentage of young people either do not have the opportunity or are not interested in working in such a field, due to these problems. Such difficulties should not be overlooked by the state, since such factors can strike a blow to the stability of production in the field of agro-industrial production and lead to a threat to national food security.
Several other factors affecting the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex of Russia are the previously mentioned development of the technological aspect, namely, increasing the growth rate of technological progress, as well as the conduct of a reasonable and restrained pricing policy by the state. It is an indisputable fact that the market economy has a huge dependence on the prices of products produced in the country. It is this factor that can significantly increase or undermine the level of competitiveness of domestic producers in the external world market.
Also, in addition to the situation on the foreign market, the domestic demand of the population will be really formed only if the state's pricing policy is properly conducted. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this factor.
The pricing policy helps to avoid a significant number of economic difficulties, for example, the problems of selling manufactured products, difficulties that arise when stimulating the production processes of new goods that need to earn credibility in the product market in a competitive environment. This explains the relevance of making timely decisions when conducting pricing policy, especially in the agro-industrial complex.
This once again confirms how much the state plays a huge role in creating a set of conditions for increasing the efficiency of production of the agro-industrial complex. The effectiveness of agricultural producers at the federal and regional levels, as well as their competitiveness on the world market, directly depends on the state.
For the most complete analysis of the subject under consideration, it is worth referring to the experience of foreign countries in conducting policy in the field of agro-industrial complex.
Thus, in Kazakhstan, there is a decline in the quantitative indicators of manufactured products. Many farms and farms are being destroyed, the product market in this country is not diverse. Also, outdated equipment, the lack of introduction of innovative technologies, which leads to stagnation in production, a drop in productivity and overall efficiency, is considered a significant problem. Most small-scale agricultural enterprises are financially unstable and need state support.
In turn, the republic participates in the elimination of difficulties arising in the agroindustrial sector. Machine-technological stations are being introduced in Kazakhstan, which are a kind of creditors. It would seem that the creation of such stations can be called a fairly effective mechanism for increasing production efficiency, but the situation is complicated by serious problems in the sale of manufactured goods. The lack of established sales channels also leads to a certain stagnation. At the same time, it is important to note that in the republic under consideration, there are practically no tax benefits in the field of the agro-industrial complex, including for the machine-technological stations themselves.
The Government of the republic is currently considering the possibility of conducting an agrarian policy by controlling the production of agricultural products at all stages. The country's leadership sets itself the task of participating in every step of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex, starting from the collection of resources, ending with the sale and sale of finished products. Thus, the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan will have the opportunity to solve production problems in a complex and in combination.
In Belarus, one of the main tasks of the development of the agro-industrial complex is called actions and a system of measures to prepare the country's production for entering the international level. Specialists identify the main conditions, the provision of which will help to achieve the desired result. These include the stability of industrial relations, primarily in the domestic market of the country, investments in infrastructure development, as well as the competitiveness of Belarusian products in the external world market.
It is also necessary to create conditions for attracting funds and investing them in the agroindustrial complex of Belarus. In order to avoid a drop-in production efficiency due to an outdated technical base, it is planned to modernize and update the technical park in the agroindustry.
Belarus has state programs for the development of the agro-industrial complex, which is a good mechanism for monitoring and state participation in the development of the agricultural industry. The elimination of farms that do not bear production efficiency and are unprofitable, as well as work on the above-mentioned conditions will help ensure the food security of the state and enter the international market.
An important factor is the taxation system of the agricultural sector. When studying the domestic taxation system in the agricultural production sector, it is necessary to pay attention to the fundamental principles on which the payment of taxes should be based: 1. Improvement of taxation conditions for enterprises of various directions (production, processing, marketing of agricultural products); 2. Taxpayers, namely, according to the scheme of payment of the unified agricultural tax, have certain preferential offers; 3. Reduction of social security for employees of agro-industrial enterprises.
In most modern countries, the improvement and modernization of the functioning of the agricultural complex is a priority. The distribution of finances is carried out, which are further directed to the development of the industrial agricultural sector, political mechanisms of taxation and subsidies are put into effect.
We find it interesting to consider the situation in some countries of the world. So, in France there are three ways to pay agricultural taxes. The choice of the appropriate mode depends on the level of income.
There is a distinctive feature in the USA. This type of income tax is levied here at the local and federal levels, respectively; the local tax is set by each state separately. Farmers here do not have the opportunity to get a tax break. The only thing that is a preferential offer is that most farmers pay income tax at a minimum due to low incomes.
As for Russia, there are several principles on which the measures used in conducting agricultural policy are based. The principle of uniformity of the goals of the regions of Russia dominates in the list. Its essence lies in the fact that each region of the Russian Federation adheres to one direction in the development of the regional complex of agricultural industry, only adapting it to the peculiarities of the region. The agricultural production of the regions at the expense of common development ideas is pushing the federal agro-industrial complex to a new level.
The next principle that requires attention is the principle of protectionism, which consists in the fact that the state sets itself the task of protecting and promoting the healthy development of domestic producers in the domestic market. Only after creating comfortable conditions in the Russian arena should we gradually reach the international level. The processes of import substitution, the development of mechanisms to achieve the goal of ensuring the country's food security are another important links of the principle of protectionism.
The principle of a systematic approach to reform is a measured and soft agrarian policy. The introduction of innovative technologies, the adoption of new legislative acts, the development and application of new measures to support farms should be of the nature of a system. It is necessary at the initial stages to eliminate all contradictions between actions when conducting policy in the field of agro-industrial complex.
Why are surveys conducted among the population not always considered important factors in development. This makes it possible to draw vivid conclusions about the specific situation in a particular region, on the basis of which to draw up the most effective political action plan for the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex.
Today it is advisable to consider state programs that are aimed at the development of a particular area. The state is developing projects that can give an impetus to the development of the agricultural sector. The figure shows information about the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets. The goals of the program also include ensuring the effective and efficient activities of public authorities. Identifying such a goal in the state program, it is emphasized how important a factor is the actions on the part of the state to conduct policy in the field of development of the agricultural sector, as well as the regulation of markets in this area.
The program also highlights the task of maintaining and preserving regional production in the agricultural sector, ensuring not only the stability and stability of rural areas, but also employment of the population.
I would like to pay special attention to the fact that the state program includes provisions on the need to restore natural resources, i.e. restoration of soil fertility, the introduction of measures to resist the disposal of land that is important for agriculture, etc.

Conclusions
The analysis of the main political trends helps to formulate certain conclusions. When developing a strategy for conducting the country's agricultural policy, it is necessary to rely not only on the historical experience of domestic production, but also on the experience of foreign countries. This analysis reveals the topic in the most detail.
In our opinion, the main measures that can raise the level of development of the Russian agro-industrial complex are the following: 1) intensification as a measure to ensure the country's food security. Due to investments in the renewal of the industry, the modernization of production as a whole, the state receives a guarantee of the stability of agricultural products in the world and domestic markets; 2) social development of the village. Stimulating rural development, providing jobs, training personnel, providing favorable living conditions play an important role in the productivity of rural farms. The use of social and economic factors will maximize the efficiency of production and modernize the use of labor resources; 3) the development of relations at the global level. The integration of the Russian Federation into the international market for the sale of products is possible not only with stability in the domestic market, but also requires special state participation in the form of exchange political activities, retraining of personnel, creating favorable conditions for the sale of domestic products at the world level; 4) attracting investments. In order to carry out effective modernization, to maintain it, as well as in order to avoid stagnation, the country's leadership needs to apply measures to attract capital, both domestic and foreign; 5) credit, tax and price regulation; These measures will have an active impact on the development of the agro-industry, since the financial sphere is of leading importance in the context of the globalization of the economy and market relations; 6) elimination or modernization of unprofitable farms; 7) monitoring and analyzing the effectiveness of already implemented reforms and innovations. These actions are necessary in order to respond in a timely manner to the difficulties that arise in the conduct of policy, as well as for the possibility of making quick and relevant decisions on specific issues.
The expansion of the list of expenses that could be taken into account when carrying out ECN calculations, the differentiation of the tax burden on the enterprises of the agroindustrial complex can also be applied as measures that would improve the mechanism of taxation regulation, which in turn will help to increase the effectiveness of policy in this area.
Monitoring of situations is a very important factor that helps to make certain political decisions in a timely manner. Today, the political situation in the world is not stable. There are many changes every day. Of course, these changes and restrictions also apply to the agroindustrial complex. New trends are emerging, which in turn need to be realized in time. Such an understanding will help to solve new issues that are dictated by modernity most quickly. Of course, this will increase the level of economic development of the agro-industrial complex within the country.
It is impossible to ignore the importance of state regulation and the establishment of state support measures for farmers ' economic organizations. Such production facilities require further development, since the entire agricultural sector of the country's economy is directly dependent on the efficiency of their work. Farms are on the same level together with other commercial or state-owned enterprises in the field of agro-industrial complex. The contribution to the development of farms will lead to an increase in productivity, will contribute to the full development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia.
These measures will contribute to the high-quality, effective and efficient implementation of the tasks set. The application of such political measures, the conduct of a restrained, uniform and well-thought-out policy in the field of agricultural industry in all regions will help to construct a powerful agricultural sector in the country's economy, which will undoubtedly lead to high indicators at the world level, ensure the country's food security and guarantee the stability of domestic production.