Analysis of destruction and protection of details of agricultural machinery

. Working parts and parts of agricultural machinery are made of special steels that decompose under the influence of various aggressive environments. In this experimental work, special types of metals were selected and their corrosion properties were determined. Studies have shown that, in general, metal materials used in machinery are more likely to corrode, corrode, or decompose in an agriculturally active corrosion environment. According to the selected method, the properties of adhesion or adhesion of the protective coatings to the metal surface, which are tested in atmospheric air in the environment of chemical and mineral fertilizers, were analyzed.


Introduction
Agricultural work is carried out over very large areas and under a variety of regional conditions. It uses land (the main means of production), light, heat, water and living organisms -plants and animals. The period of agricultural production does not coincide with the period of labor. The main branches of agriculture are agriculture and animal husbandry. They, in turn, are divided into several sectors (agriculture -horticulture, vegetable growing, horticulture, horticulture, forestry, etc.; animal husbandry -cattle breeding, sheep breeding, horse breeding, pig breeding, poultry, beekeeping, silkworm breeding, etc.); n turn, the agricultural and livestock sectors are grouped by types of crops (grain, rice, cotton) and livestock (cattle, sheep, horses, camels).
In agricultural production, each work process is performed on the basis of special techniques. These techniques increase work productivity several times.

Methods
In order to develop agriculture in the country in 2017-2019, all farms and clusters are provided with agricultural machinery of various types, and their demand for machinery is being met from year to year.
These techniques are now widely used in agriculture, cotton, grain, livestock and horticulture.
Each technique has its own function, which is in operation for a certain period of time. The operation of the equipment in good condition for a certain period of time without any objections depends on the extent to which its maintenance is carried out and the conditions for their storage during the period of non-operation.
Agricultural machinery operates in an external changing environment. That is, weather, humidity, heat, soil, salts, mineral and organic fertilizers, biological residues. All this over time has had a negative impact on the main working parts of the machinery [1].
The most important of these effects is rust erosion. Corrosion occurs as a result of chemical effects and climatic conditions and is divided into several types.
Atmospheric erosion, subsurface erosion, erosion under dissolved salts, biochemical erosion, local erosion, chemical erosion. The rusting elements of agricultural machinery are mineral and organic fertilizers (unsalted, non-vegetative salts) in the soil and soil composition. The rate of decomposition of metals under the influence of the atmosphere is also important, as is the composition of the moisture film formed on the metal surface, its temperature, and its interaction with other metals [1][2][3][4][5].
Airborne compounds have a large effect on the rate of decay under the influence of the atmosphere. Industrial gases falling on the moisture film (SO2, SO3, CO2, H2S, NH3, Cl2, HCl). On the surface of the metal, it acts as a depassivator, increasing its electrical conductivity, hygroscopicity of abrasive products. (e.g. SO2, HCl) [3,4].
Storage equipment can be stored in open and closed areas. In indoor areas, the construction is complex, and the techniques specified in the technical requirements are retained. Large open spaces, equipment that does not require special conditions, long-term storage and specified in the technical requirements are stored in open areas [2]. Table 1 below shows the degradation rates of work pieces and parts most exposed to aggressive environments in agricultural machinery. In this case, the rate of decay of working parts during operation and non-operation was analyzed. According to him, over time, the erosion increases as a result of various aggressive environmental influences.
Based on the results of the study, the changes in the working surfaces of the selected techniques were analyzed and the results were presented in tabular form .
The working parts and details of agricultural machinery are made of special steels and decompose under the influence of various aggressive environments. In this experimental work, special metal types were selected and the corrosion properties of the metals were determined. The results are given in Table 2 below. It is known that a variety of fertilizers and chemicals are used to protect plants and increase soil fertility. This creates an alkaline environment and decomposes under the influence of moisture.
The following table shows the corrosion decay values of metals as a result of these effects. According to the results of the study, the condition of the broken parts and pitting (grooves) formed in the working parts under the influence of the studied aggressive environments was studied, and the results obtained are given in the table below. Note: The environment, the humidity is more conducive to their corrosion activity.
The fracture factors were studied based on the fracture results, and a correlation graph was developed for the value of the different pressures acting on the working parts and parts during machining. According to him, as the pressure increases, the erosion also changes accordingly. The role of oxygen in the decomposition of metals in corrosion-mechanical decomposition is significant. Emerging amophoric regions with high chemical activity can rapidly oxidize as a result of continuous oxygen infiltration into the disturbance zone.
It is known that oxygen molecules are most intensively adsorbed on the surface of defects that appear.
Therefore, in the active pathways of sliding, there is a continuous transport of oxygen molecules within the crystal in the movement of dislocations, i.e., in pathways that have a normal free surface component relative to sliding.
The conducted research leads to the conclusion that the corrosion rate in mineral fertilizers is determined by the corresponding acid activity and is 250 ... 2100 (m 2 year). The corrosion resistance of structural steels in the active environment was determined. It decreases with increasing carbon content.
The laws of aging in mineral fertilizers in the study of corrosion of corrosion factorsdecreases with hyperbolic law with increasing load along with mechanical aging. At loads greater than 0.1 MP, the significance of the corrosion factor is not significant. Corrosionmechanical aging of carbon steels is an electrochemical process in an aggressive agricultural environment and is subject to the laws of pre-formation flexibility and plasticity.
A method for determining the value of corrosion-mechanical wear has been developed and protected by a certificate of authorship. Based on the principles of unbalanced thermodynamics, a model was developed and the formula for the rate of wear of this type was obtained.

Conclusion
The following results were obtained in the analysis of the breakdown of parts of agricultural machinery and their protection:  The effect of corrosive environment on metal surfaces was analyzed in the research work.
 The use of rust modifiers in conjunction with lacquer coatings to prevent corrosion.  Changes in the surface of metal surfaces in the environment of mineral and organic fertilizers were studied.