Advancement of Project Management, Economics, and Social Effects and Risk Assessment in the Seventeenth ICM-SEM Proceedings

. Management Science and Engineering Management (MSEM) has signiﬁcantly contributed to socio-economic development, especially management and control processes. This paper ﬁrst gives an introduction to the primary notions discussed in Volume II of the 17th ICMSEM Proceedings, which is followed by a brief review of engineering management (EM) research. The most widely discussed research areas have been project management, economic and social e ﬀ ects, and risk assessment. The ﬁnal collection comprises scientiﬁc journal articles that were released between 1990 and 2023. Then, after an appraisal of the major research accomplishments in these three ﬁelds, the relevant research papers in Proceedings Volume II


Introduction
Management Science and Engineering Management (MSEM), which emphasizes the theories, methods, and engineering practices for complex management decision making, has been playing a vital role in both scientific endeavors and socio-economic development. The scientific research conducted by MSEM academics has positively influenced the understanding of the field [1]. MSEM research and applications have also significantly advanced domestic and global economic development, expanded the development of innovative managerial instruments, and increased scientific management awareness. Therefore, this diverse, crossfunctional discipline has promoted real-world management, improved management effectiveness, and contributed to global energy conservation.
Science and technology advances and increased standards of living have led to significant developments in the management science, engineering, and other industrial engineering disciplines, such as production planning management, technical decision-making, financial management, systems design, management services, system optimization, control management, and other related fields [2]. Volume II of the ICMSEM proceedings focuses on three key EM areas; project management, socio-economic effects, and risk assessment.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 gives a brief literature review on the three key research fields, Section 3 discusses the central issues in Proceedings Volume II, Section 4 analyzes the latest and future EM and ICMSEM research development trends, and Section 5 gives the conclusions.

Literature Review
Science and technology advances and increased standards of living have led to significant MSEM developments, and other industrial engineering domains, such as production planning management, technical decision-making, financial management, systems design, management services, system optimization, control management, and other related fields, have also made extensive use of MSEM research.

Project management
Project management is the practice of initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing a team's activity to achieve certain objectives and satisfy specific success criteria within a given time frame. In the 1980s, construction, national defense, aerospace, and other industries were the only organizations using project management; however, today, it is employed in nearly all developments, from electronic communications to the financial sector to government agencies. The goal of project management is to provide a finished product that meets client objectives. Hall focused on the nine project management knowledge domains associated with the fundamental project management process; starting, planning, executing, controlling, and closing; to explore the integration of specialized project management, human resource management, and risk management systems [3]. Tao et al. saw project management as the moderator between environmental protection, economic growth, international relations, and the CPEC project's success [4]. Hwang et al. identified the common obstacles encountered during green construction project management and proposed some solutions to overcome the barriers [5]. Other scholars have also focused on the human resource factors that can impact project success [6]. In conclusion, project management is being increasingly utilized to better manage many project types.

Economic and social effects
Economic and social effects change lives in significant or positive ways that solve or at least address socio-economic injustices, diversity, and equity. Businesses or organizations seek to achieve these effects through conscious and deliberate operational and administrative efforts or activities. Soltani et al. identified credible solutions and options to enhance global geothermal capacity and energy production on a scale required to meet 'net-zero' carbon emissions targets [6]. Qingjun et al. analyzed the influences of 24 ecomomic and social effectsv factors that could affect vegetation suitability as indicators based on three criterion layers; production, life, and policy [7]. Williams reconstructed six datasets for the UK; the annual number of motor cars, road lengths, road fatalities, NOx and CO emissions, and fuel consumption; from the early 20th century to 2019 and found that there had been significant health, social, and environmental changes as the automotive sector grew [8]. The integrated effects of strategy on economic growth and social development have also been examined [9]. In short, socio-economic effect analyses provide system resource planning guidance for management and resource optimization.

Risk assessment
Risk assessment was established as a scientific field around 30 to 40 years ago [10]. Risk assessments, which are systematic processes that identify, analyze, and control possible hazards and risks, are generally conducted to determine which measures should be implemented to eliminate or control workplace risks. Everaert et al. estimated the order of magnitude of the past, present, and future microplastic concentrations based on global plastic production data, and then conducted a marine environment environmental risk assessment [11], and Reber et al. conducted a comprehensive overview of nutritional screening and assessment methods that could contribute to the effective and well-structured nutritional management of hospitalized patients [12]. In brief, risk assessment determines the rate of return an investor would need to deem an investment worth the potential risk.

Major Issues in Proceedings Volume II
The above brief analysis highlighted the key areas in Proceedings Volume Il; project management, economic and social effects, and risk assessment.

EM and ICMSEM Development Trends
CiteSpace software was used to reflect the research data as a scientific knowledge map and to forecast future EM research and practice. Citespace elucidates the trends within a knowledge domain over a specific period by integrating an information visualization method, a bibliometric method, and a data mining algorithm in a knowledge map visualization and identifies the research evolutions at the research frontier. In this section, CiteSpace is first briefly introduced and the technical research route is described, after which the EM research hotspots and the hotspots in the 17th ICMSEM are analyzed. Finally, the research evolution is described and prospective EM research directions are illuminated.
The relevant literature was scrutinized until only 3,882 EM documents were finally extracted and input to Citespace. Then, each data record; author, title, abstract, and research citation; was downloaded and entered into Citespace for further analysis.
"Advanced search" with "engineering management" was used as the identifier in the "Web of Science" database with the timespan set from 1990 to 2023. The author and document cocitation networks, the hybrid node network types; terms, institutions, and countries; and the hybrid link types; co-citation, co-occurrence, and directed citing links; the trends and patterns in the current research in MSEM journals were then visualized and analyzed.

EM Developments
The CiteSpace visual analysis draws various knowledge graphs using node size, network connectivity, and keyword co-occurrence to reveal the research trends within a field [7]. The Web of Science (WOS) core set was the data source as it is the largest scholarly journal network. The dataset search was ((TS = (engineering management)) AND PY = (1990-2023)) AND AK = (engineering management), with the category set to paper and review so that nonacademic papers, such as reports and proceedings, were ignored, from which 3,814 articles were identified. The following parameters were used in CiteSpace: (1) the time slice was from 1990 to 2023 and the year per slice = 1; (2) term source = title, abstract, author keywords, keywords plus; (3) node type = keywords; (4) pruning = pathfinder; and (5) k = 20 was set as the scale factor. After running CiteSpace, the co-occurrence keyword network was output as figure 1, after which "find cluster", "find keyword cluster", and keyword clustering were adopted.
Proceedings Volume I is focused on management science (MS) and its future development trends, and Volume II is focused on engineering management (EM). EM is a broad discipline that includes many managerial and technological topics. The Engineering Management Body of Knowledge is, therefore, a valuable resource. As shown in figure 3 and table 1, in recent years, EM has been widely employed in many fields, such as management, project management, risk management, economic and social effects, design, and traffic engineering, with project management, the economic and social effects, and risk assessment being the three main clusters. These results highlighted the current and most popular EM research disciplines and the potential future EM development trends.
After the keyword reference frequencies were organized from high to low, the top ten were further studied, as shown in table 1, which revealed that keywords such as management, socio-economic effects, project management, risk assessment, models, design, and decision support systems had relatively high centralities.
The analysis indicated that the theme of our proceedings was very much in line with current EM trends. In addition, in the 17th ICMSEM, the standouts are a decision problem analysis using a financial analysis method and a paper that suggests a link between project management and artificial technology.

EM researcher cooperation network
In this part, the data that was directly transferred to the CiteSpace software and the author and countries/region cooperation between the selected journals are analyzed, the results of which are illustrated in figure 2. Each node in figure 2 represents an author (research institution/country), the node size represents the publication quantities, each line represents the node betweenness cooperation and its thickness represents the cooperative intensity. The lines between the nodes represent authorial cooperation, the line widths represent the cooperative intensity, and the line colors represent the time at which the authors first cooperated.
After the network generation, the author cooperation formed several natural clusters, which indicated that the authors within the clusters cooperated closely, but the authors between the different classes had less cooperation. The cooperative network analysis revealed that the cooperation was generally within the same country, with significantly few cooperative research papers between authors from different countries. However, because of the international conference platform offered through the ICMSEM, many ICMSEM authors have co-authored with scholars from other countries,

Future EM development predictions
The development patterns for EM and ICMSEM are assessed in this section. Chen created the CiteSpace information visualization system to allow academics to examine the pertinent terminology, research, and institutional and national affiliations in scientific publications. To further understand the EM field, high-frequency research was included in the "Timeline View", from which it was found that these words had been associated with key research areas for many years. Figure 3 gives the timeline view for EM research and shows the recent EM developments and related keywords, both of which are useful in understanding the research scope and direction as these terms were frequently used within the community. Most of these high-frequency words appeared in the early days, which indicated that EM research has focused on these topics for quite a long time. For example, project management and socio-economic effects have been applied in many research areas, such as innovation, multiobjective optimization, and forecasting, to assist in solving a wide range of research questions. There has also been an increase in risk assessment research, with the environment, the circular economy, and technology being the latest research trends.
With the reference frequency running from high to low, the top thirty keywords were analyzed from the 789 (table 2), with keywords, such as management, software engineering, models, and risk assessment all having relatively high centrality. The analysis of the top most frequent words found that management, socio-economic effects, models, project management, and risk assessment were currently the most popular research areas.

Conclusion
Engineering management, which is the application of management to engineering projects, combines technical organization, management expertise, and planning skills. EM techniques are being widely used to monitor the operational performances of engineering-driven and project-focused companies. In this brief introduction, the Citespace analysis tool was used to examine the EM and ICMSEM patterns and identify key search phrases and keywords. The visualization findings highlighted the present EM trends and the advantages of the various EM research arms. The research analyses in this volume can assist researchers by offering guidance and inspiration. However, as new directions are emerging every year, more research dedicated to engineering management is still needed.