Comparative Analysis of Erp Being Used in Hotel Industry of Pakistan

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Introduction
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are one of the world's most popular information technology (IT) systems in organizations. These programs provide companies with strategic and functional enhancements. ERP is an enterprise -wide network of knowledge designed to organize all the resources, documents and events needed to complete business processes. An ERP system supports the enterprise cycle and provides a single database for a variety of business functions such as production, supply chain management, accounting, contracts, human resources and customer relations management. Different organizations, frequently implement ERP systems for their business development, various organizations are now embracing a day's ERP systems and playing an significant role in small and large-scale organizations to operate all of their business operations (Batada and Rahman, 2012) [1].
What is required in a competitive market for a hotel business to survive? Mainly two things: have an online existence that facilitates booking procedure and delivers excellent customer service so that frequent traveler to your area can choose your hotel again. Automation of administrative tasks and routine operation is an important part of customer satisfaction, because they provide reliable and high-quality service over and over time. A hotel is a complex system that includes several departments' operations, and it is important to monitor each activity. Hoteliers use various tools for this purpose, including spreadsheets, paper formats, and integrated systems of property management.
This has been observe that there's no ERP and Management information system (MIS) awareness in the hotel industry in Pakistan and don't even want to update the old system. Using small independent software which are just dumping raw data and don't have analytical tool. As well as integration part is also missing between different modules due to human interface increased and fail the purpose having ERP. Consequently, they are far from the international standards for hotels. report will emphasize the importance of ERP and the hospitality sector in ensuring that the relevance of the upgrading technology and the hotel industry can meet their clients' requirements using this methodology.
The aim of this research is to show the comparative analysis of ERP and MIS for the hotel industries in Pakistan. Specifically, the study seeks to examine what kind of software is used by the various hotels. First to understand its use for analysis, a review of the literature on the performance of Hotel Industry and the use of ERP analysis is done. Overall, the findings show that hotels have not performed better before using ERP software. In view of the importance of understanding the ERP analysis with the need to fill the research niche on the given topic in our country, this study is of great importance to both researchers and practitioners in Pakistan's hotel industry. We will discuss and address the following issues, 1. Why hotel industry in Pakistan don't upgrade their Information Technology (IT) infrastructure?
2. Why hotel industry in Pakistan not using analytical software's? 3. Why hotels need to change their old method? 4. Is Pakistan's hotel industry at the same pace as other countries in term of information technology? 5. Why hotel industries do not focus on digital marketing? 6. We will discuss the underlying ERP standards that are used in hotel industry. 7. And finally we will do objective based comparative analysis of different standards used hotel industry.
In this study, the primary objective is to compare the ERP or MIS systems being used in hotel industry of Pakistan and find out appropriate and best solution for them, specifically focus the hotel industry standards in Pakistan.
An industry that provides accommodation, usually meals, and other services that may include travelers or paying guests with a public bar (The American Heritage, 2009). Under British law, the hotel is described as the place of commerce that provides the "bonafied" traveler with food and shelter.

Literature Review
Changes made possible by technology contributed to different ways that the hospitality industry could function. It is crucial for the success of the huge amount of information and the speed to be processed. Information System (IS) / Information Technology (IT) applications used in particular in the market should therefore be scalable and efficient to meet customer requirements. (Beldona, 2001) [1]. ERP Technology has developed to simplify repetitive tasks and give administrators a global and real -time view of all operations, addressing data loss and issues of replication (Muscatello, 2008) [2]. The issue is also felt in other sectors, but it is particularly relevant in the hospitality industry due to the variety of applications and complex systems for different processes. Hard to maintain and mostly unharmonious, predominance of legacy systems makes upgrading systems even more difficult (Beldona, 2001) (Azevedo, 2006) [1,3].
In this region, ERP applications must be able, by fusing all data into a common database representing the entire organization and linking all processes in real time, to overcome the replication problem of knowledge. Any change or intervention in a program will immediately influence all associated information and allow for a balanced view of the company at a given time. (Davenport, 2000) [4]. ERP applications provide modules that combine information with a single interface in a single database. There are distinct needs in different industries. Therefore, ERP suppliers in a particular industry have developed specific solutions incorporated into their ERP framework for specific processes. (Heart, 2001) (Panorama Consulting Group, 2009) [5,6] The main problem in hospitality management according to Worcester, quoted by Heart, is data disintegration, distributed across various databases, making it difficult to generate reports containing unified details (Heart, 2001) [5]. This market had not been taken into consideration by big ERP vendors until recently (Martínez, 2006) [7]. Special market structures and criteria, guided by small businesses have in the past connected this discrepancy. The aim of such vendors was to build ERP systems for large companies with challenging IS and not for the SME sector. (Beldona, 2001) [1]. at present, ERP vendors are primarily offering streamlined solutions to small and medium-sized businesses, although they do not incorporate the different business areas and processes in the case of the hospitality industry. An exception is Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing (SAP), the industry-specific front office module (SIMHOTEL), incorporated into the. Several companies are designing implementation software for existing ERP systems to figure out the lack of a single integrated solution (Martínez, 2006) [7].
With respect to the hospitality industry, major ERP vendors have based their business strategies on covering back office operations, which are generally identical irrespective of what industry consider. ERP systems were traditionally introduced in other sectors by global chain hotels. SAP, in particular in large hotel rooms, is the market leader as in other industries (Panorama Consulting Group, 2009) [6]. Different systems in the industry are handled with specific solutions, such as front desk, booking and transportation, the food and beverage (F&B) or Sales Point, often not associated with back office activities and ERP services. (Heart, 2001) [5] Studies related to the integration of applications between several hotel unit modules suggest that they are usually purchased from various vendors. If data is not integrated, data analysis tools such as data warehouse, forecasting effects and decision support are not accessible, amongst other issues (Heart, 2001) [5]. There was no single program incorporating all business processes for a hotel unit, according to FORTE, a report quoted by Heart, 1997. This will take an average of 19 applications to cover all business processes (Heart, 2001) [5]. In a research on Israel's entertainment industry, Heart found that 97% of all units were computerized, even those with fewer than 50 spaces. Heart's report demonstrated the scarcity of hospitality-oriented ERP systems in Israel, and the truth was that businesses preferred other software providers for other frameworks. In the same report Heart's report, it was the main application for the front desk and for the back office. The study also concluded that a single tool was used because there were no coherent systems. Most of these programs run on different platforms and operating systems, which limit access to quality and unify decision -making results. The network and upgrade are more complex with diverse applications from multiple providers. (Heart, 2001) [5] In Heart spaces, two Rotstein and Silverbyte systems make up 55% of the demands for PMS (Property Management System), but they do not use the same tools, without having a completely integrated solution. (Heart, 2001) [5]. Fidelio (24, 24 percent), Hostware (24, 23 percent) and Medallion (18 percent) were classified by another IS / IT survey as one of the most popular in the industry. This research reveals a limited range of companies adopting approaches, such as ERP programs (Rus, 2009) [8]. In addition to the expected consolidation of back offices and officers, it is possible to utilize more strategically ERP systems, which enable collaboration with systems such as SCM supply chain management between companies like tour operators and traffic agencies in order to link all of its value chains (Azevedo, 2006) [3]. Regardless of what the competition is, the topic of application integration becomes increasingly pertinent for businesses to use specific technologies to distinguish and isolate applications integration (Heart, 2001) [5].
The new industrial innovation (Industry 4.0) has turned the stakeholder partnership into a whole supply chain. Nonetheless, applying Industry 4.0 policies aims to track industrial processes, model and automate production processes, and improve the flexibility of information flows, among many others. (Science Direct, 2018) [9]. Globalization was originally thought about in terms of global economic growth. In recent years it has shifted to be defined as a rapid phase of economic integration in terms of a particular economy with a single division of the worker.(Clayton, Competing conceptions of globalization, 2004) [10]. The tourism industry has been a leader in information systems development and implementation. The airline companies were the first to implement reservation systems and since 1960, hotel chains have used the central reservation systems. In 1963, as we apply to the hotel industry, a room management system and a property was built at the New York Hilton. (Rus, 2009) [8]. Relationships are creating new foundations in the changing business environment to gain competitive advantage. All styles and sizes of service organizations shift their focus from transactional interaction to interpersonal exchange. With the through awareness of the advantages of being a "relationship-oriented company," advertising campaigns are structured to integrate service solution technological and behavioral elements that are important to delivering a fulfilling, pleasant and unforgettable customer experience. (Sahoo, 2011 1 ) A successful information and communications technology (ICT) system can help companies achieve a sustainable competitive edge. It can assist companies in improving their facilities ' efficiency and cutting costs. It is generally asserted that ICTs have positive effects on an economic, social and political development in a country, area or society. (TPRC Call for Papers: Societal Issues). This dramatically reduces coding mistakes and provides more accurate and easily accessible details by coding key information such as cost center and service codes toward consumers. This is very important to maximize strategic supply potential benefits (Mishra e al, 2007) [11]. The ERP annual maintenance service costs huge sums of money, and the organization must also pay extra costs through the purchase of a license. Furthermore, once the ERP system has been implemented and validated, the organization must continue to maintain an extremely expensive system (Fang et al, 2007) [12]. STR Global estimates that 187,000 hotels offer 17.5 million rooms around the world. There are 17.

Hypothesis
The ERP annual maintenance service costs huge sums of money, and the organization must also pay extra costs through the purchase of a license. Furthermore, once the ERP system has been implemented and validated, the organization must continue to maintain an extremely expensive system. (Fang et al, 2007) [12]. The new industrial innovation (Industry 4.0) has turned the stakeholder partnership into a whole supply chain. Nonetheless, applying Industry 4.0 policies aims to track industrial processes, model and automate production processes, and improve the flexibility of information flows, among many others. (Science Direct, 2018) [9] The most popular survey in the industry was Fidelio (24, 24 percent), Hostware (24, 23 percent) and Medallion (18 percent). A small range of organizations who have adopted approaches such as ERP systems are included in this study. (Rus, 2009) [8]. Beside the planned convergence of the back office and the frontage processes, ERP systems can be used in a more strategic way, because they make it possible to integrate all value chains by systems such as SIC-Supply Chain Management in collaboration with organizations such as tour operators or travel agencies. (Azevedo, 2006) [3] The problem of application integration, independent of the industry, is becoming increasingly relevant, forcing companies to use specialized technologies to integrate applications in a different and distinct manner. (Heart, 2001) [5] The following hypotheses of analysis are drawn from the above: Hypothesis 1. System integration has a significant influence on ERP system Hypothesis 2. Automation has significant influence on ERP system Hypothesis 3. Cost has significant relationship to ERP system Hypothesis 4. Awareness has significant relationship to ERP system and MIS Hypothesis 5. E-commerce significant influence part of ERP system Hypothesis 6. Lack of knowledge has significant relationship to ERP system Hypothesis 7. Fear of change has significant relationship to ERP

Research Methodology
Research methodology can be defined as analysis methods and processes. Research methodology is a comprehensive study of research methodologies. It also articulates key practices for research purposes.

Research Design Approach
There are four types of approaches to research design: descriptive, informative, exploratory and predictive. The descriptive approach is used mostly if the researcher is interested in showing the details and aspects of a specific area of issues, which are often well established. The explanatory approach implies that a number of variables are causal to the investigator so that relations and causes between these variables can be identified. The explorative method is used if the researcher has only basic knowledge of the field and it is necessary to identify which research questions to work with. Thus, it is commonly used during the initial stage of larger research projects, i.e. the investigator aims to determine the problem of research. The predictive approach is used to predict the future development of the phenomenon. (Lekvall & Wahlbin, 1993) [15] This research work is on critically analyze on use of ERP in hotel industry in Pakistan. This study includes an investigative method for gathering trustworthy information and private interview with individuals to identify the role of ERP and its modules being used in their hotel. This study describes the characteristics of ERP, cost, awareness, lack of knowledge, fear of change, automation, system Integration and E-commerce. Quantitative and qualitative analysis helps the delegated this descriptive research.

Data Collection Techniques
Data collection is generally divided into two methods: quantitative and qualitative. The principal difference between numbers and statistics is between these two methodologies. Depends on the selected research issue, which approach should be used. Such two approaches must not be divided, though, but may be advantageous to merge. (Holme & Solvang, 1991) [16] (1) Quantitative Data Collection The methods in quantitative data collection are explanatory. The essence of quantitative data is that it can be calculated and interpreted using various statistical techniques as a figure that can be evaluated. The scientist is involved in the variety of quantitative methods and wants no information of a huge number of units. For example, quantitative data are obtained through questionnaires and questionnaires. Consequently, the techniques of quantitative data collection are formalized and organized. Such methods are useful as researchers need to generalize data based on the knowledge they have obtained. Nevertheless, quantitative data can only inform us where we are and not why it is not possible to express attitudes and feelings. (Kinnear & Taylor, 1996) [17] (2) Qualitative Data Collection The main objective of qualitative methods for data collection is to understand the condition under inquiry. Qualitative data collection is characterized by the fact that the researcher needs only a lot of information about a few units. Qualitative data from personal interviews are collected through in depth interviews or interview guides, for instance with no fixed questions or responses. Thus, the answers in a qualitative interview often provide a more objective interpretation of the facts and a deeper understanding of the subject. Consequently the strategies of qualitative data collection are less official and versatile than the techniques of quantitative data collection. However, it is not possible to generalize statistically using quality techniques. (Holme & Solvang, 1991) [16] (

3) Choice of Data Collection Technique and Method
The study is based on the design of descriptive analysis, and both quantitative and qualitative study was proposed. In order to find the accuracy, consistency and relevance of variables, a questionnaire was developed to collect the primary data for research experiments and various statistical tests.
Since this gives us the chance to use in depth personal interviews, professional data collection techniques. We wanted to gain maximum flexibility in communicating with the respondents because of detailed personal interviews by a small number of the respondents. Moreover, detailed interviews make it possible to illustrate and justify the quality of the data collected. Private surveys also improve understanding of the research problem by analyzing information on the subject when question. We have however adopted the checklist to evaluate the ERP software used in Pakistan in order to simplify analysis of information.

Sources of Data
Data are available in two key categories: primary and secondary data. (Dahmström, 1996) [18] (1) Primary Data Primary data is the information gathered and used for the first time from the original sources for a certain research question. Consequently, essential information is collected and not accessed for other purposes by academics. Sources of such information may be interviews or remarks. Interviews are the most common method of data collection.
(2) Secondary Data Secondary data is collected from someone else for some other purpose prior to the actual research project. Secondary data provide origins to books, research reports and articles. Of comparison to internally and externally, secondary data may be isolated. The primary internals come from within a corporation, e.g. annual reports, revenue figures, etc. The advantages of such knowledge are that the expense and quality of the experience are generally low. Specific information collected outside the organization, for example Government Reports, Documents, Books, and others, is additional supplementary content. The potential drawbacks of second-hand data can be the challenges of distribution and reliability of information that meets the specific needs of the actual research. (Kinnear & Taylor, 1996) [17] (3) Sources of Data in the study We used primary and secondary data in our study. Primary data are collected by using a survey method to obtain information on research priorities by choosing a questionnaire design. There were two segments of the questionnaire. The first segment consisted of population information, and the second segment consisted entirely of study variables. The questionnaire has been distributed individually to random staff, hotels and individuals with personal connections and data.
The secondary data in this article are mainly broad publications and books concerned with enterprise resource planning and related topics. This secondary data is used mainly for constructing a theoretical structure, but also for developing a methodology for research. The Internet, where we have been able to search for and find the right stuff, is an extra external source of information.

Sampling Strategy
Two primary sample types, probability sampling and unusual sampling processes are available. The preference of the two methods is dictated by the research purpose. Each unit of the whole population is known to be selected when using probability sampling. Therefore, this procedure enables statistical inferences to be measured. The sample is to some extent based on the subjective judgment of the researcher and the method also focuses on more qualitative and empirical assessments when using non -probability samples. Opinion sample is an unlikely sample which indicates that the sample is chosen based on special criteria previously considered especially important for the analysis. (Lekvall & Wahlbin, 1993) [15] (1) Choice of Sampling Procedures and Sample Surveys for quantitative data were performed at different hotels, and even personally visited people to get their responses. The questionnaire was circulated among the researchers ' own office employees, and the samples were obtained by researcher. Researchers told each participant that whatever they share their information and answers in the questionnaire would be kept confidential and for academic research purposes only.

(1) Description and Participants
The participants for this research belong to any professional background and of different age group. The data collected from the people belong the hotel industry either the staff, management or owner the study collected data from all individuals who are belong of different hotels of Pakistan so they fill the response the questions as per their preference. (

2) Quantitative Data Sample Size
This research, 130 is the sample size. Samples of different educational backgrounds belonging to different income groups are provided. The data were obtained on convenience bases using random sampling technique. As it is a random sampling, individuals of different demographics collect the response. The main purpose of data collection is to remove biases and collect relevant data from believable and future respondents. (

3) Qualitative Data: Target Population
The research is aimed at people who, at least three years ago, introduced ERP software with hotel modules in their hotel and experienced system effects. The number of modules is essential to ensure that the system integrates with the enterprise resource management system in the integration of functions and processes.

(4) Responding Persons for Private Interviews
At the time of the interviews, respondents were given the opportunity to be anonymous in the study, because the intention is never to do case studies. But following of them felt that this wouldn't be necessary, (5) Reduction of Respondents for Private Interviews Through e -mail and mobile, we were in touch with 60 people. We needed all of them to give an answer, and we finally got 48 people. Following a more detailed analysis of the implementation of the ERP, 12 of them dropped because they did not meet the target population criterion. Six people even dropped because they had no time for a private interview. We conducted private interviews with 30 people in this connection. We consider the number of interviewees sufficient since we have chosen to conduct in -depth interviews.

(1) Quantitative Data Research Instrument
The questionnaire for quantitative data of research is designed on the Likert Scale. The questionnaire has five point scales in which: Strongly Agree = 1, Agree = 2, Neutral = 3, Disagree = 4, Strongly Disagree = 5 (2) Qualitative Data Research Instrument We used a checklist that should be dealt with during the in-depth interviews. The aim of the check list is to streamline interviews. The checklist consists of questions that address the topics we need to gain knowledge about in order to be able to answer our research issue.

Data Analyses Method
(1) Quantitative Data Analysis SPSS is the statistical tool used to test and analyze data gained through questionnaire. It defines tools and techniques for capturing, evaluating, and interpreting the data from different research steps and stages. The data is also represented by tables and charts and the relevant information can further clarify the conclusion that the research hypothesis or questions may support or reject. Cronbach's Alpha is a hypothetical test for reliability testing, Pearson Correlation ship and Regression in order to check the relationship between variables and hypothesis.
(2) Qualitative Data Analysis We must equate the theoretical with empirical results while evaluating the empirical research. It is done to see, in fact, what is most often mentioned in theory and whether these factors are anticipated and / or practically implemented in the companies in question. Thus, we will pave the way for the research question of the study to be answered.

Reliability Test
Cronbach Alpha was used to test the reliability of the collected data through SPSS. The internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire is shown if the value of Cronbach Alpha exceeds 0.6. In this research, the following table shows the Cronbach alpha value: The table 1 shows that the research instrument is reliable enough to achieve the research objectives.
(1) Qualitative Data Reliability Statistics As mentioned above, the quality of a measurement method cannot be determined. By carefully studying the ERP literature before preparation of the checklist, we aim to achieve a high level of rationality in the Study so we can formulate questions that are as precise as possible to answer the research question.

Statistical Technique
(1) Quantitative Statistical Technique Since a single model for research is used, a simple method of regression has been employed to test model relationships between independent variables and leadership deficit.
(2) Qualitative Statistical Technique When we do the scientific research review we must equate the theoretical results with the empirical findings. It is undertaken to see what is most commonly called out in principle and how certain elements are predicted and/or understood in reality within the reacting responders. In so doing, we will pave the way for answering the research question of the study.
We should think first of all the congruence between theory and practice. This is done to determine the categories and theory of companies and is planned in most of the respondents' companies to be impacted. These aspects will then be debated based on whether or not they are implemented in practice. In order to describe what respondents felt about their old software's, we would also look at negative results. We have developed a sample questionnaire to gather required data from people in different hotels in Pakistan, including 5, 4, 3 stars and small hotels, in Chapter Three. We also include channel master and travel agent with hotel ERP software. In order to complete the study correctly, the data collected must be evaluated for the theory to be checked and questions answered. Data are presented in a concise way. The study includes one dependent variable, the study has one pattern. The questionnaire consists of two section one, which offers information on age, education, designation.

Findings and Interpretation of the result
(1) Descriptive Statistics The table 2 shows second section of the questionnaire shows the relation between variable dependent such as ERP and independent variable such as System Integration, Automation, Cost, Awareness, E-Commerce, Lack of knowledge and Fear of Change.  EP_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  SI_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  AM_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  CT_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  LA_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  EC_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129  129  129   N   LK_Mean  129  129  129  129  129  129 129 129 The above model shows that high R value our model has strength 95.6%. The fitness and reliability of the Model can be tested via ANOVA and the value of the Adjusted R square. The table above shows that there are reasonably good reasons for a good model (value of adjusted R square) which is up to 94.7%. The results of the ANOVA test are shown below. The sig vale is less than 0.05 as well as F value (1409.409) is also significant showing that ANOVA test is significant. The ANOVA result signifies the model fit for Regression. The results of the regression model are shown in the table above. The model to estimate ERP system effected due to missing of System Integration, Absence of automation, and Lack of knowledge. The equation for the above model is as below: (1) This equation shows that if one unit is increase in SI then EP will increase by 0.295. If one unit is increase in AM then EP will increase by 0.230. If one unit is increase in CT then EP will increase by 0.257 and if one unit is increase in LK then EP will increase by 0.182.
Since the sig values of System Integration, Automation, Cost and Lack of Knowledge is less than 0.05 and T-Values are also significant, this means that the result is important for accepting those hypotheses.

Hypothesis Assessment
H1: System integration has a significant influence on ERP system The sig value (0.00) of System Integration is less than 0.05 which shows that the test is significant; Hypothesis is therefore accepted and the relationship between System Integration and ERP System is significant.
H2: Automation has significant influence on ERP system The sig value (0.00) of Automation is less than 0.05 which shows that the test is significant; Hypothesis is therefore accepted and the relationship between Automation and ERP System.
H3: Cost has significant relationship to ERP system The sig value (0.00) of Cost is less than 0.05 which shows that the test is significant; Hypothesis is therefore accepted and the relationship between Cost and ERP System. H4: Lack of Awareness has significant relationship to ERP system and MIS The sig value (0.662) of Lack of Awareness is more than 0.05 which shows that the test is not significant; Hypothesis is therefore rejected and there is not significant relationship between Lack of Awareness and ERP System.
H5: E-commerce significant influence part of ERP system The sig value (0.010) of E-Commerce is less than 0.05 which shows that the test is significant; Hypothesis is therefore accepted and the relationship between E-Commerce and ERP System.
H6: Lack of knowledge has significant relationship to ERP system The sig value (0.00) of Lack of Knowledge is less than 0.05 which shows that the test is significant; therefore, Hypothesis is therefore accepted and the relationship between Lack of Knowledge and ERP System. H7: Fear of change has significant relationship to ERP The sig value (0.295) of Fear of Change is more than 0.05 which shows that the test is not significant; therefore, Hypothesis is therefore rejected and there is not significant relationship between Fear of Change and ERP System.

Module Wise Comparative Analysis of ERP (based on private interviews)
Within this section we'll compare how much philosophy and implementation align on the definitions and factors found in the literature when it comes to ERP efficacy. The distinction is rendered on the basis of the responding person's perceptions and expected results.
Our analysis reveals that the ERP system defined in theory as being greatly influenced by System Integration, Automation, Lack of Knowledge and Fear of Change, are the places where people have system expectations. However, standards differ between the types of modules as well as within them. Integration between modules and Automation are the categories where most people were expected to have consequences. The study indicates that these are significant consequences for the responding individuals and it seems to be the environment where most changes are planned by the businesses.
There are a number of aspects to each group, as presented in the study. The research reveals the difference between theory and reality in the significance of each element of a group. In theory, things are of equal importance, which does not extend to the persons concerned. The empirical proof is that the integration between modules is the dimension on which most of the responding people had expectations in the PMS and back of the house modules. Due to the dynamic architecture of an ERP system, our data indicates that the information is automatically updated based on real -time data.
In the Module PMS, the empirical data shows that this is most important and base module which majority of the responding person had expectations to have detail operation functions related to hotel guest. Most people expected information accessibility, content and data to make decisions, availability forecast and budget Interties. Our data show that the integrated character of the ERP system should be built and that the information should be updated automatically and based on real time data. In addition, room sales have high priority in the hotel, particularly in the areas of forecasts and income reports.
Most companies expected impacts on administrative costs and personnel costs in the division of costs. This was mainly because the use of an ERP system would increase the efficiency and simplification of administrative work. This helps to reduce operating costs. The companies also saw an opportunity to cut staff costs on account of the assumption that administrative work would be more efficient. These results can also be related to changes in the dimension of automation and can complete the work with fewer employees. Just a few people expected to have an impact on IT costs, distribution costs and production costs. It should be noted that there are hardly anticipated effects on IT costs, because the ERP literature clearly highlights lower IT costs due to automation and less maintenance requirements. But only one of the possible impacts in the costs of production is expected and is explicitly influenced, in principle, by ERP.
In the Inventory module, most people expected three aspects; Purchasing Management, Shop Management, and Cost Control. This was the segment with good business demands, as described above. Due to the integrated design of the ERP system, the companies have been able to make processes in this category more efficient, which would increase visibility and automation. Neither company expected, as described above, its impact on product quality.
The modules in which the persons in general have the least aspirations were CRM, E-Commerce and HRIS. Within the CRM module, only a minority of people expected to have an impact on Customer Relations and Customer Service, whereas none expected to impact Guest Relations.

Comparison Chart of ERP Being Used in Hotel Industry of Pakistan
The responder had been asked in private interview about their knowledge and experience for ERP they used, we grasped that Opera is the leader of the market and having 60% percent market share of 5 & 4 stars hotel even it is most expensive hotel ERP in term of cost. However, the PrologicFirst is the new in market and having more modules but in very less price, very stable ERP compare with Opera. However, most of the responder don't have knowledge or awareness that any stable alternative is available or not in market. Munshi is local software and being used most of small hotels but they also want to move any other suitable ERP with low price.

Less Stable √
The data was collected and analyzed thoroughly and from this, highly weighted results are deduced which show the importance and interest of high education and standard people regarding the introduction of ERP system to the hotel management industry of Pakistan. However, regardless of some negative reviews, ERP itself holds the potential of providing seamless operational efficiency and performance to the hotel operations.
The hotel industry of Pakistan has a high potential to accept new ERP. The ERP systems should start to penetrate the hotel management industry of Pakistan that could make the whole operations and their efficiency and make them lead to a high level such that could provide a frictionless experience to the customers, hotel itself as well as the management module of the hotel.

Conclusion
The hotel management system and the penetration of IT systems naming, ERP systems can help focus on the details and address the operational issues of the hotel. The Pakistan hotel industry which has always been reluctant towards the adoption of innovative solutions in the hotel management, can now adopt IT solutions to streamline the operations. This paper has collected the data from the participants that could help provide a strong foundation of the IT system in the hotel industry of Pakistan. Moreover, the data collected also shows that the digital inclusion of people towards the adoption of technological advancements show that they are interested in adopting IT systems in the hotel management. However, there are some challenges with respect to the fear of change and high-cost issues which could be best analyzed by taking into consideration a practical working of ERP system into the hotel management system in Pakistan. This research helps understand the significance of ERP programs that can provide value to business entities and at the same time streamline their operations in the hotel industry in this field. The research explains the subject and its importance through a reference model that provides a basis and explains how manufacturers and industry could meet customer expectations and needs by providing seamless services to them while establishing a firm foundation of business simultaneously.

Implications
Systems with ERP are very unpredictable. If not carefully planned and implemented, it proves to be quite demanding and risky. This research aims to detect the facilitators and obstacles present in hotel environments to ERP implementation. This research aimed at finding critical problems in the implementation of ERP systems faced by Pakistani hotel. In addition, the objective of the research has been to determine the critical success factors that can guarantee success. The participation of the professionals, contractors, and management teams from numerous Pakistani hotel management has been significant.
The fact that ERP systems are an extraordinarily complex business is not denied, since ERP systems influence overall performance and working conditions in the hotel. It has its own restrictions and problems in the local environment. Through preparation to installation and checking to post-implementation issues, all need local configuration. This can be expressed in the measurements of the performance of ERP programs. The results show that the problems in the hotel of Pakistan are focused on various aspects compared to the global arena.

Future Research
There should be more work into how hotels make or deter these decisions, whether errors can be prevented, whether or not consultation is required and the specific implications of their decisions on their ERP cycle problems and results. Also, these factors need to be updated simultaneously as things change over time. It can happen that the architecture and device maintenance may not be the main problems in a few years, but new issues may emerge.