Statistical and managerial analysis of the digital transformation of economy in the context of sustainable development

. The purpose of the study is to analyze available statistic information concerning the level of digitalization in the Russian Federation and to identify problem areas for the subsequent development of measures to eliminate them. Currently, a number of quantitative indicators have been developed in the world that determine the ranking of countries according to the degree of development of the digital economy. It is a system of indices and sub-indices on various areas of digitalization development. Conducting such evaluation by various organizations allows us to speak about the objectivity of assessments received and the reflection of real situation in a particular country. The article provides an analysis of the position of the Russian Federation among other countries of the world on a number of digital economy development indices – the world digital competitiveness index, the readiness index for a networked society, the inclusive Internet index, the e-government development index, the mobile interaction index, as well as on national indicators affecting digital economy and information and communication technologies. The dynamics of these indicators in recent years is analyzed, problematic areas of digitalization in our country are identified in order to concentrate efforts on lagging areas, which would ensure further development of the Russian economy.


Introduction
The totality of global and national trends of modern socio-economic development, with all their turbulence and low predictability due to the high dynamism and weak predictability of many factors of influence, cannot be imagined without the development of informatization and its highest manifestation today -digitalization.Currently, it is impossible to imagine a developed economy of any country without a highly developed, diversified and large-scale digital economy.There is practically no industry and sphere of the economy that would not be affected by the digital transformation in one way or another.
Digital transformation, ensuring the sustainability of development, today affects not only the external attributes and the formal side of business processes in various spheres and industries (industry, agro-industrial complex, transport and social sphere-education, healthcare, culture, science, sports, etc.) and at various levels and on the whole on the scale of the national economy, but also the diversity and synergy of social and economic effects, increasing the pace of production of goods and services, but also transferring productive forces and factors of production to a new qualitative level, transforming traditional (labour, land, capital), and expanding their list due to the information factor [1].
The study is an analysis of the statistical information available in the academic literature concerning the level of development of digital economy in the Russian Federation in comparison with the data of the countries.
The scientific novelty of the presented research lies in the analysis of new statistical data in recent years, which will identify problem areas of the development of the digitalization process in our country and should serve as a starting point for the development of a system of measures to eliminate negative trends in the future.
In the course of the research, the traditional methodological apparatus of economic research was used: analysis and synthesis, monographic research, analogies and comparisons.

Overview of digitalization of economy
According to research from the Higher School of Economics [2], the costs of developing the digital economy in 2021 in the Russian Federation amounted to 4848 billion rubles, which is 1524 billion rubles more than the same indicator in 2017 (+31.4%).At the same time, the share of organizations accounted for 52.3 and 60.8% in 2017 and 2021, respectively.
During the period under review, the costs of developing the digital economy relative to the total volume of gross domestic product were also growing.So, in 2021, in the economy as a whole, this share amounted to 3.7% (+0.1% compared to 2017), the same indicator for organizations was 2.2% (+0.3%) and for households it was 1.5% (+0.2%).
The industry top structure of internal costs of organizations in 2021 looked like as follows (Table 1): In the same year 2021, the most significant items of expenses of organizations for the creation, use and dissemination of information technologies were the following (Table 2).The use of digital technologies by organizations is growing.In 2020-2021, the use of personal computers accounted for 80.7% of the total number of surveyed  According to the data of 2021, the leading countries in the world for the use of fixed broadband Internet by business organizations are the following: Denmark (100% of the total number of organizations, including 80% of high-speed Internet), Italy (98 and 39%%, respectively), Germany (96 and 51%%), Finland, France, Great Britain (95% and 61, 54, 28%, respectively), Sweden and Estonia (94% and 73, 40%, respectively).The Russian Federation has similar indicators of 72 and 14%.
Among the top 3 areas of Internet use in Russian organizations in 2021, the following are indicated: the use of e-mail (77.8%), the search for information on the web (76.9%) and the implementation of banking and other financial transactions (60.1%).At the same time, positive dynamics has been observed in all areas in recent years.
According to data for 2021, 69.9% of Russian organizations receive public services in electronic form, including 49.7% completely in electronic form.
In our country, 2.4% of specialists (or 1.286 million people) work out of the total number of people employed in the field of information and communication technologies, as compared to 8.0% in Sweden, 7.4% in Finland, in Luxembourg, 6.2% in Estonia.
3.2% of the total gross domestic product was created in this area, which in 2021 amounted to 3754 billion rubles.This is the same amount as education or metallurgical industry, or in total the production of motor vehicles, chemical industry and research and development.
Investments in fixed assets in the field of information and communication technologies amounted to 948 billion rubles or 4.1% of the total volume of corporate investments in fixed assets.
In 2021, the share of the information and communication technologies sector in gross value added in the Russian Federation amounted to 3.1%, which is 4% higher than the same indicator of the previous 2020.The country-by-country comparison shows a significant advantage over our country in this indicator in the following countries: Estonia (8.4%), Czech Republic (7.0%), Sweden (6.9%), Finland (6.7%).
The share of the information and communication technologies sector in the total domestic costs of domestic organizations in 2021 amounted to 2.4% (31,001 billion rubles and 14,025 billion rubles in current and constant prices from the level of 2010).
The foreign trade balance of ICT goods and services in the Russian Federation in 2020-2021 had negative values and amounted to 22264 and 26695 million US dollars, respectively (Table 3) (Authors abstract and calculations based on the data [4]).In the country context, among the countries exporting goods and services of information and communication technologies, the following should be noted: for goods -China -37% of global exports, the USA -6.9%, Germany-3.5%,and for services -Ireland (23.3%),India-9.5%,China-9.1%, the USA-6.2%(according to the data of 2021).In the Russian Federation, similar indicators were 0.1 and 1.0%%, respectively.
In the country context, among the countries exporting goods and services of information and communication technologies, the following should be noted: for goods -China 37% of global exports, the USA -6.9%, Germany -3.5%, and for services -Ireland (23.3%),India -9.5%,China -9.1%, the USA -6.2% (according to the data of 2021).In the Russian Federation, similar indicators were 0.1 and 1.0%%, respectively.
The share of domestic expenditures on the development of the digital economy (as a% of gross domestic product) in our country in recent years has been 2.1-2.2%(2019-2021).
The following indicators indicate the degree of development of the information and communication technology sector in our country: -the share of internal expenditures on research and development in the field of ICT from the total volume in all sectors of the Russian economy is 7.7%; -the share of scientific publications of Russian researchers in this field in the Scopus database is 3.0%; -the share of patent applications by Russian applicants is 0.3%; -the share of innovative goods and services in their total volume is 9.4%; -the share of goods and services related to information and communication technologies in the ratio of exports and imports is 9.1 and 108.7%%, respectively.
In 2021, for the fifth year in a row, in the world ranking of digital competitiveness, our country ranked 42nd with 60,271 points (the 1st place for the last four years in the USA with 100,000 points).
In the Portulance Institute world ranking of 130 countries according to the readiness index for a networked society in 2021, the Russian Federation ranked 43rd with 57.74 points (the Netherlands occupy the 1st place with 82.06 points).In 2019-2020, Russia held the 48th position while Sweden was the leader with 82.65-82.75 points, respectively.
According to the sub-indices that make up the readiness index for the network society, the following data are available (Table 4): an increase in ratings occurred for all sub-indices with a concomitant increase in the score (points decreased only for the sub-index "network resource management".According to The Economist Intelligence index, together with Facebook, the inclusive Internet index, which assesses the availability of the Internet among citizens from 100 countries of the world, which account for 91% of the population and 96% of the global gross domestic product, the Russian Federation ranks 30th (with a variation by year from 23 to 32 place for the period 2018-2022) with with a score of 78.6 in comparison with the permanent leader throughout the observation period -Singapore with 86.1 points [4].
In 2020, according to the e-Government development index, the Russian Federation ranked 36th out of 193 countries participating in the rating conducted by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations.The decrease was 1 unit, despite the increase in the score (from 0.7215 to 0.8244 points).For comparison, the leading country, Denmark, has a similar value in 2019 and in 2020 it was 0.9758 points [4].
Our country ranks 38th among 170 countries in terms of the value of the mobile interaction index (79.6 points against the background of 92.5 points for Australia, which took the leading place in 2021).Since 2018, this indicator in the Russian Federation has decreased by a point, despite an increase in the score from 75.9 points.Thus, in 2021, the Russian Federation in various ratings of digital development took respectively: -the world ranking of digital competitiveness -42nd out of 64; -readiness index for the network society -43rd place out of 130; -inclusive internet index -30th out of 100; -e-government development index -36th out of 193; -the mobile interaction index is 38th out of 170 countries.

Conclusion
The analysis of the objective picture of the situation with the level of digitalization development in our country in comparison with other countries allows us to conclude that it is necessary to actively increase efforts on the part of state authorities and management, as well as representatives of the business community and society as a whole in the direction of reducing the existing backlog in outsider vectors and activating movement in advanced segments.

Table 1 .
Internal costs of organizations by industry (in descending order).

Table 2 .
Expenditure of organizations for information technologies (in descending order).

Table 3 .
The balance of the foreign trade balance of goods and services of the information and communication technologies sector in the Russian Federation in 2020-2021.(millions of US dollars)

Table 4 .
Dynamics of the position of the Russian Federation in the rating on the readiness index for the network society and its sub-indices in 2019-2021