The digital technology revolution in construction: process transformation

. The article discusses the issues of the digital technology revolution in construction, pays direct attention to the process of transformation and optimization of projects. Attention is paid to improving efficiency in the construction industry through the use of digital technologies. The article presents the material of the building information model (BIM) application, which integrates data and information about the project into a single electronic model. Automated project management systems are also considered, which make it possible to manage projects, coordinate the progress of work, plan resources, and ensure the safety of construction work. The issues of the use of virtual and augmented reality technologies are considered, which make it possible to visualize the future of the project, so that customers can imagine the future of the construction object on a virtual model.


Introduction
The digital revolution is continuously transforming and improving various industries, and construction is no exception.Innovative breakthroughs in the field of construction technologies are constantly being carried out [1].In this regard, they have a direct impact on the restructuring of relations both in the industry and beyond.Since the construction industry communicates with many other companies representing various sectors of the economy.In particular, the supply of building materials today can be optimized through the use of digital models that allow you to accurately calculate the needs of building materials and reduce the excess of their purchase.In addition, innovative technologies in construction also dictate their own features in construction, since at the present stage, innovative construction equipment is a priority, which allows performing complex manipulations and reducing construction time.
All this requires updating the fleet of equipment in order for the construction company to keep up with the times.Traditionally, construction has been an industry characterized by many manual and time-consuming processes, as well as significant risks and complexities in project management.Today, digitalization has simplified various construction operations, allowing specialists to use robots and other achievements of the digital revolution in construction [2].
Robotic systems can perform monotonous and dangerous tasks, speeding up the construction process and improving its quality.3D printing is used to create components and elements of buildings, reducing the time and cost of erecting structures.In addition, virtual and augmented reality provide new opportunities in the field of project visualization and employee training.Virtual models and simulations allow you to more accurately imagine the future structure, as well as conduct training and training of employees before the start of real work [3].The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the digital technology revolution in construction, process transformation, project optimization and efficiency improvement in the construction industry.

Materials and methods
In the process of writing the study, an analysis of the literature on the topic of the work was carried out, and comparative research methods were also used.

Results
Digital technologies have a huge potential for transforming construction processes.They allow you to automate various construction processes, implement innovations in construction production, as well as improve the quality of buildings and structures under construction.The objectives of improving operational processes at construction sites include time, cost, productivity, safety, job satisfaction, quality and environmental impact as resource and energy consumption.Construction sites are essential for managing the sustainability of the entire construction process with their multifaceted waste sources, safety risks and economic challenges.The wider use of digital technologies can potentially transform the construction industry, for example, by adopting approaches such as Industry 4.0 or its counterpart Construction 4.0.The term "digital" refers to the use of electronic datasets that are different from analog.The increased use of digital information in construction projects, in particular building information modeling (BIM) in design, has led to a major shift in digital adoption.
On a large scale, the concept of maturity assessment models is increasingly being applied in the field of information systems and management science as an approach to continuous process improvement.Such models have been proposed to facilitate the introduction of digital technologies in construction in general, but focus on BIM, providing information about the behavior and barriers to implementation at the project, firm or country level.However, few of these BIM maturity models deal with issues specific to the construction site, in a context instead focused on BIM-related capabilities for modeling and simulation during the design phase.Maturity models aimed at Industry 4.0 are associated with the use of cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things (IoT) services.They rely on stable supply chains, reliable network connectivity, high awareness of all partners and significant availability of digital competencies.Production in construction with its temporary supply chains, the production of one-time construction projects with the arrangement of the site around one project is far from this ideal situation.Caused by the dynamic and variable nature of construction projects managed in portfolios, contextual adaptation of maturity models is required.It is important to note that, perhaps with the exception of automation, robots and additive manufacturing, only a few digital technologies work on their own.improve work processes on construction sites.For many years, traditional approaches and approaches to lean construction have been developed to improve the productivity and technological process of operations at the facility.Opportunities can be expected from the introduction of digital technologies if the technologies correspond to onsite operations, prerequisites and organizational aspects.
The key ways in which digital technologies transform construction processes are presented in Fig. 1.Let's consider these methods in detail.The Building Information Model (BIM) is one of the key digital technologies that has a significant impact on the transformation of construction processes.This model allows you to combine data of a different nature, allowing you to demonstrate certain aspects of the project [4].One of the main features of BIM is its collaborative nature.It allows all participants to work on the project simultaneously, while each of them can change individual project parameters and coordinate them with colleagues.Working on the model in real time enables specialists to carry out rapid communication among themselves, as well as to avoid lengthy approvals and possible design errors [5].BIM provides an opportunity for detailed planning and visualization of the project.It makes it possible to visually imagine how the building will look, to demonstrate in detail all its details and components, which makes it possible to get acquainted with the features of the object being built before the start of construction.Also, possible problems.Which may occur during normal design, are solved in the modeling process before the start of the construction project.the cost and time of project fulfillment.The possibility of an early assessment of possible energy consumption also makes it possible for specialists to take measures in advance and improve the energy efficiency of the building [6].It is important to note that BIM is not limited to the design phase only.
The model in question allows specialists to manage the building throughout its entire life, since this model provides all the necessary information for the maintenance of the building, which can help in planning and organizing repairs.The use of the Building Information Model (BIM) leads to more accurate planning, better coordination and collaboration, and also improves the quality and efficiency of construction processes.It is this model that makes it possible in the future to implement additional information technologies that will be developed and implemented on its basis [7].Automated project management systems are another important aspect of the digital revolution in construction.These systems will allow to organize timely and effective communication of project participants, will allow to competently carry out calendar planning and organize the construction management process more efficiently [8].
Automated project management systems provide the means to create detailed project plans, allocate tasks and resources, and determine the sequence of work.All this serves to optimize the work of construction crews, who are able to perform their tasks promptly and on time.Automated systems allow you to monitor and manage resources such as materials, equipment and labor.Through such programs, it is possible in advance to make the necessary calculations and plan the resources needed for the construction of buildings and structures.Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the reserves of resources that may become unusable due to long-term storage, and the money that will be spent on their purchase will not be frozen due to the lack of demand for certain construction materials [9].
Automated project management systems provide tools for control and monitoring the execution of work in accordance with the schedule and budget of the project.Control and monitoring of the construction process is the most important stage of the project implementation, as it makes it possible to timely eliminate possible errors and shortcomings in construction work, as well as to make a timely decision on adjustments of certain operations, necessary replacement of construction equipment that has failed.Control and monitoring of construction works makes it possible to optimize the project budget and increase the company's profit [10].
Automated project management systems provide effective information exchange between all project participants.This is a kind of platform that allows you to exchange documents and drawings in an online format, which translates the communication process into a paperless form.This contributes to more effective communication and cooperation between the various project participants.Automated project management systems help to make construction processes more organized, efficient and transparent.Through such systems, planning becomes more transparent and of high quality, and the implementation of various stages of construction takes place as planned.For each stage of work there is a possibility to improve the quality of construction work.Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the risks associated with exceeding deadlines and budget, increase customer satisfaction and improve the reputation of companies in the construction industry [11].
Virtual and augmented reality are digital technologies that have a significant impact on the construction industry, especially in the field of project visualization and improving communication between project participants.This digital tool makes it possible to create high-quality visual models of projects that help project participants better imagine the future structure, and the immersive environment allows customers to take a virtual tour of the facility and see its advantages and disadvantages with their own eyes.Also, such an environment entails improved communication of project participants, since both customers and performers can see through a virtual model what the building will be like and take appropriate measures to improve certain areas of construction work [12].
Virtual and augmented reality provide opportunities for learning and training.With their help, you can create virtual simulations in which employees can gain practical experience and training before real construction work in order to reduce the risk of possible errors during the construction of a building.Virtual and augmented reality also contribute to reducing the time and costs of design and coordination.Digital technologies, such as robotics and 3D printing, bring automation to various aspects of construction activities.In particular, the use of robotics on the construction site will make it possible to reduce the presence of the human factor, which avoids mistakes in the construction of buildings and structures.Routine tasks that are assigned to the robot are most often performed more efficiently and quickly enough [13].3D printing in construction opens up new opportunities for the rapid and efficient creation of elements and components of buildings, through this type of printing it is possible to create various structural elements to reduce the construction time of the building.Drones and Earth remote sensing systems have become important tools in construction.They allow conducting aerial photogrammetry, obtaining detailed geodata, creating accurate terrain maps and modeling the construction area.This helps to reduce the time and costs of measurements and inspections, as well as improves the accuracy and reliability of data, which contributes to more efficient planning and execution of construction work.
Data analytics and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in construction play an important role in optimizing processes, making informed decisions and improving efficiency.Digital technologies allow you to collect various data about the project, including geodata, information about materials, performance data, and many others.Data analytics allows you to process and analyze this data, identify trends, patterns and relationships.This helps construction companies to make informed decisions based on evidence and optimize construction processes [14].Thus, the advantages of using digital technologies in the construction process are undeniable, modern digital technologies allow not only to optimize construction processes, but also to improve the quality of construction work.

Discussion
Despite all the advantages of the digital revolution in construction, there are also some problems that the industry faces when implementing digital technologies.Thus, the process of introducing digital technologies is quite expensive, since a large number of financial resources is needed for its implementation.Thus, it is necessary to purchase expensive equipment, as well as train employees to work in the conditions of new technologies [15].High costs can be an obstacle for some companies, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises.Staff training can also require significant resources and time, since new technologies involve mastering technical tools that can be difficult to learn.It is also possible to meet the resistance of employees to the introduction of new technologies, because they may fear that innovations will threaten their jobs.Many different systems and software are used in construction, which can be difficult to integrate with each other.Different software vendors may use different data formats, which makes it difficult to exchange information between systems.Data integration and ensuring their compatibility can be difficult, which leads to inefficient use of technologies and limits their potential [16].
However, despite all of the above, the importance of introducing digital technologies in construction is undeniable.Companies are aware of the benefits they can get from using digital technologies and are working to overcome existing problems.To overcome the above problems, it is necessary to take certain measures.To integrate various systems and data in the construction industry, it is important to develop common standards and regulatory documents.This minimizes the complexity of the integration process and data exchange between different project participants.Cooperation between construction companies, technology suppliers and project participants are a key factor for solving the problems of implementing digital technologies.In the process of exchanging experience, specialists master innovations faster and implement them into their practical activities [17].
Reducing the cost of implementing digital technologies can be achieved by using a flexible implementation strategy, choosing the most appropriate technologies for specific tasks and considering rental options or cloud services.The state and professional organizations can play an important role in supporting and stimulating digital transformation in the construction industry.The provision of financial incentives, the development of legal and regulatory frameworks, as well as the creation of training programs and consulting centers will help companies overcome obstacles and successfully implement digital technologies [18].Thus, in order to solve the problems associated with the introduction of digital technologies in the construction industry, it is necessary to train personnel, ensure data security, and actively test innovations, since each of them can become the key to success in the future.

Conclusion
The digital technology revolution in construction represents a huge potential for transforming the industry.The use of digital technologies, such as building information modeling (BIM), automation, virtual and augmented reality, data analytics and artificial intelligence, leads to process optimization, efficiency improvement and quality improvement in the construction industry.Digital technologies make it possible to speed up the design and construction processes, reduce the time and costs of projects, improve the accuracy and quality of work, improve communication and cooperation between project participants, as well as improve the safety and sustainability of construction processes.They also promote innovation and improve project management, which helps to achieve greater efficiency and competitiveness.In general, digital technologies are transforming the construction industry, increasing its efficiency, quality and competitiveness.The introduction of digital technologies requires joint efforts and cooperation of all industry participants, but the potential benefits they can bring justify these efforts.The revolution of digital technologies in construction is just beginning, and in the future, they will play an even more important role in the development of the industry and reaching new heights in construction.

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Key ways in which digital technologies transform construction processes