Legal mechanisms of the Kyrgyz Republic to promote sustainable development and environmental protection

. This article examines in detail the green economy and law are closely related, since the green economy is aimed at sustainable development and environmental protection, which requires legislative support and regulation.


Introduction
While ensuring the rights of citizens to a healthy environment, the state ensures and protects the rights of citizens through the country's legislation and judicial mechanisms.The laws of the Kyrgyz Republic and legal norms play a key role in the formation of tools and mechanisms that contribute to the transition to a green economy and ensure its functioning.The problem of the environment crystallizes the struggle of man and his desire for sustainable development and progress, and also crystallizes his desire to rise above others and impose his domination on them, whatever it takes to achieve the goal, and the problem of the environment emphasizes the weakness of man and his lack of awareness of the consequences of his activities.

Material and methods of research
The materials and methods of research depend on the specifics of the study and analysis of legal mechanisms to promote sustainable development and environmental protection.

Results
The role of the Kyrgyz Republic in the sustainable development program Sustainable development is a comprehensive concept related to the continuity of the economic, social, cultural, institutional and environmental aspects of society, as this development allows society, its individuals and institutions to meet their needs and express their actual existence emissions and other measures that contribute to the development of a green economy.The priority trend of the Kyrgyz Republic is the role of law in setting standards and certifications for green products and services, as well as influencing consumer behavior and the development of the country's green economy through financing projects to encourage green investments.The strengthening of the rule of law and the consolidation of human rights, the expansion of the participation of countries in the institutions of global governance are important for this measure.
We affirm that the existence of appropriate legislation in any country is not sufficient in itself to establish the rule of law and achieve the Goals of Sustainable Development, and that the rule of law means the obligation to apply it to everyone without exception, in addition to effective justice, which would provide sufficient deterrence to comply with the laws and create an atmosphere of trust and stability necessary for investment promotion and development achievement.The role of scientific work on the preparation of a plan for the development and construction of a new industrial park was highlighted, it is necessary to assess the impact of the plan on the environment in accordance with the law and regulations, strictly standardize access, improve the circular production chain and promote the formation of a circular production link.Promote the cyclical transformation of existing industrial parks and industrial clusters, as well as promote the joint construction of public facilities, cascade energy use, resource recycling and centralized and safe disposal of pollutants.Encourage the construction of integrated energy projects in which various energy sources, such as electricity, heat, cold and gas, are coordinated and bring mutual benefits.Encourage the construction of centralized hazardous waste storage facilities, pretreatment and disposal facilities in chemical and other industrial parks.
Algorithm for improving the legislative base of THE Kyrgyz Republic on sustainable development and environmental protection Improving the legislative framework of the Kyrgyz Republic on sustainable development and environmental protection can be a complex and multifaceted process.It is important to take into account the opinion of experts, the interests of stakeholders and the experience of other countries in order to develop effective and balanced laws.Here are a few steps that can help improve the legislative framework in this area: Analysis of existing laws.We are preparing an overview of the country's existing laws governing sustainable development and environmental protection.We identify conflicts, gaps, shortcomings or contradictions in existing laws that need improvement.
Involvement of stakeholders.It is necessary to involve all stakeholders, such as government bodies, non-governmental organizations, the business sector, academic and scientific circles, as well as the public, to discuss problems and solutions in the field of sustainable development and environmental protection.Creation of special committees or working groups.It is mandatory to form specialized committees or working groups that will develop and reform legislation on sustainable development and environmental protection.This will allow us to consider the problems in more detail and develop specific proposals.For example, the idea of creating economic specialization of judges and the creation of specialized courts arises in connection with the requirements of the time, as a result of the increase in the volume of disputes and the variety of problems of the time, their complexity and duplication, as well as as a result of a variety of systems that meet the requirements of modernity, and for these and other considerations of modern judicial systems, However, it takes a lot of time to consider, which leads to a delay in dispute resolution, and in both cases it may be impossible to work with this, so modern judicial systems tend to, they adopt a system of specialization from judges.Undoubtedly, economic disputes have a special character that distinguishes them from other disputes, which entails the application to them of a special regime of judicial proceedings, which in some aspects differs from the general rules contained in the law on pleadings.
First, we note that the judicial body entrusted with the task of considering economic disputes should be specially created for this purpose, and these courts are courts established by law or based on law, and they fall under the jurisdiction of ordinary judicial bodies, and their jurisdiction is limited to certain and specific types of cases and disputes, which are often of a technical nature.Secondly, the specialization of judges should ensure that new members of the judicial system hold their positions and rely on basic requirements and scientific knowledge.
Third, we find that these courts do two things: the first is to reduce time, and the second is to achieve justice, and justice is achieved by applying and taking into account all legal texts and principles governing judicial proceedings in a fair application that reflects the intentions of the legislator and his desire, as well as the idea of creating specialized courts is one of the manifestations or forms of agreement between the reduction of deadlines and the achievement of justice.Economic courts were created to facilitate judicial procedures, especially in light of the prevalence of economic and commercial crimes, and therefore we believe that legal systems have sought to develop economic legislation to create economic courts for the rapid resolution of commercial disputes.
We believe that economic courts perform a number of basic tasks to solve economic problems, namely, initially they try to settle economic and trade disputes through reconciliation and mediation mechanisms, and in case of failure, they make their decisions on the cases under consideration.Economic courts are one of the main mechanisms that States create to resolve trade disputes arising between investors themselves or between the State and investors, and, therefore, it is a mechanism for creating a favorable climate for investment in the country.Introduction of amendments and new laws.Based on the analysis and discussions, develop proposals to improve existing laws or create new ones.It is necessary to ensure the correct formulation and clarity of the laws so that they are effective in application.Conducting educational events.Organize educational programs for the general public to raise awareness of the importance of sustainable development and environmental protection.Education can help change people's behavior and increase compliance with the law.
The problem of the environment crystallizes the struggle of man and his desire for sustainable development and progress, and also crystallizes his desire to rise above others and impose his domination on them, whatever it takes to achieve the goal, and the problem of the environment emphasizes the weakness of man and his lack of awareness of the consequences of his activities, and that This also highlights the problem the imbalance in international relations between countries trying to overcome the poverty line and other developed countries that have reasons for wealth and power, forcing the former to be the repository of their hazardous waste and to carry out production that leads to significant environmental pollution.Such as the extraction of natural resources through projects that bring them important benefits such as employment, the creation of infrastructure and social services, this can lead to dependence on foreign aid, which creates problems for present and future generations, depleting their wealth.The economy contributes to the direction of economic policy.It does not propose political or social goals, but attempts to define a comprehensive economic policy that is suitable for achieving certain political and social goals.It shows the degree of consistency between the goals, the possibility of achieving them from an economic point of view, the means that meet the achievement of these goals, and the best of these methods [1][2][3][4].
The concept of sustainable development became widespread at the end of the last century and took an important place among researchers, environmentalists and decision makers.this interest is due to the growing pressure on the opportunities available in developed and underdeveloped countries of the world, but in fact demographic growth and economic development, on the one hand, and the use of human resources, on the other, were the most important phenomena that accompanied humanity in its development for a long time.The method of systems or complexes is a prerequisite for the preparation and implementation of sustainable development plans, due to the fact that the human environment is a subsystem of a macro system, and therefore sustainable development works with this method to achieve the form of subsystems that leads to a balance of the Earth's environment as a whole [5][6][7][8].
Monitoring and evaluation.After making changes or adopting new laws, regularly monitor and evaluate their effectiveness.This will help identify problems and make adjustments if necessary.The rule of law and sustainable development and what is the solution?The solution is to activate the role of urban planning, which begins with providing urban and statistical information to community members through official institutions so that their consciousness expands and they can define their goals, and thus they have the abilities and knowledge necessary to participate positively in municipal council elections based on their goals., and not on tribal or ethnic components.The responsibilities of the urban planner also include assistance in the development of legislative procedures to expand the powers of municipal councils, including holding public hearings with the participation of community members to ensure a broader coverage of the goals of various public flows in planning, determining land use or prioritizing projects.For example, comparing two Canadian cities, Vancouver and Toronto, the city legislation in the former gives more opportunities for community participation in urban planning, so Vancouver has more parks, less pollution, more ecological balance, lower crime rate, more affordable housing, more utilities, museums and car-free zones than in Toronto, and it's also a tourist destination.That's why cash flows and investments are also high, and this is important in the economy, which would not be possible without city legislation aimed at increasing community participation in municipal councils and public hearings.
International cooperation.The Kyrgyz Republic can also cooperate with other countries and international organizations to exchange experiences, best practices and resources in the field of sustainable development and environmental protection.Improving the legislative framework for sustainable development and environmental protection is a long-term and ongoing process.The success of legislation in achieving sustainable development requires revision and amendment of legislative texts.It is important to maintain dialogue and update laws taking into account the changing conditions and needs of society.The main trends in the legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic on strengthening legal mechanisms An important trend is the possibility of the right to create financial incentives and mechanisms to encourage investment in green technologies, renewable energy, energy-efficient projects and other environmentally sustainable industries.
On the example of providing tax benefits or subsidies that can contribute to the development of green enterprises.Implement models such as contract energy management, contract water conservation management, third-party environmental pollution management and environmental escrow services focused on the effect of environmental management.Legal regulations define limits on emissions and pollution that can be caused by industrial enterprises or other sources.Such laws contribute to the improvement of the environmental situation and the transition to cleaner technologies and production.To focus on increasing the level of waste recycling in industrial parks and clusters.Create an eco-friendly supply chain.Encourage enterprises to implement eco-friendly design, choose environmentally friendly materials, carry out environmentally friendly purchases, build environmentally friendly production processes, introduce environmentally friendly packaging, carry out environmentally friendly transportation and recycle waste to achieve environmentally friendly environmental protection throughout the entire production cycle.Select about 10 highly motivated, socially influential and leading companies to implement pilot projects of the "green supply chain" and explore the possibility of creating a "green supply chain" system.Industry associations are encouraged to increase the level of greening of the industry supply chain through the development of standards, consulting services and selfdiscipline in the industry [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].

Increase financial and tax support
Continue to implement preferential policies, such as income tax and value added tax, in the field of energy conservation, water conservation and environmental protection, integrated use of resources, contractual energy management and environmental pollution management by third parties.To put on a good level the work on the collection of taxes on resources and pilot work on the reform of payment for water resources.Vigorously develop eco-friendly financing.To develop eco-friendly credit and green direct financing, as well as to improve the assessment of environmental financial indicators of financial institutions.Unify green bond standards and establish green bond rating standards.Develop eco-friendly insurance and make full use of the role of the mechanism for adjusting insurance rates.To support the inclusion in the list and financing of green industry enterprises that meet the requirements.Support financial institutions and related businesses in implementing green finance on the international market.To promote the convergence of international green financial standards and to promote the orderly bilateral opening of green financial markets.Promote investment and financing.
To develop a market mechanism for environmentally friendly trade.Further improvement of trade mechanisms, such as wastewater discharge rights, energy use rights, water use rights and carbon emission rights, to reduce transaction costs and improve operational efficiency.Accelerate the creation of systems such as initial distribution, paid use, market transactions, dispute resolution and support services, as well as do a good job of linking and coordinating transactions with eco-friendly ownership and related targets.In the process of developing and developing environmental standards in the Kyrgyz Republic.Law can play an important role in establishing and standardizing environmental requirements for products, services and processes.This contributes to the creation of conditions for green consumption and sustainable development.To develop an eco-friendly environmental protection industry.Create a number of national demonstration bases of the "green industry" to promote the formation of an open, collaborative and effective innovation ecosystem.Improve environmental standards, green certification systems and statistical monitoring systems.Perform top-level design and system planning of the "green standards" system to form a comprehensive and systematized system of "green standards".Accelerate the establishment of standardized support institutions.Accelerate the creation of a certification system for environmentally friendly products and create a group of professional certification bodies for environmentally friendly products.Strengthen statistical monitoring in the areas of energy conservation and environmental protection, environmentally friendly production and clean energy, improve relevant systems and strengthen the exchange of statistical information.
As a subject of international relations, the Kyrgyz Republic is developing the creation of judicial instances for the consideration of environmental disputes.Which is considering the possibility of creating specialized courts or arbitration bodies that will deal with cases related to violations of environmental legislation.A special condition is to coordinate the overall domestic and international situation, strengthen political communications, technical exchanges, cooperation in projects and pay attention to training with various countries and regions around the world in the field of environmentally friendly circulation, actively participate in and manage global climate management, as well as effectively improve the ability and level of the country.The most important trend is the education of young people and informing the population: The state should promote the education of the population about environmental problems and the importance of the transition to a green economy.This may include information campaigns, training programs, as well as the inclusion of environmental topics in the curricula of schools and universities.Education and public awareness in this area is crucial for achieving sustainable development and environmental protection.Integration into curricula: The inclusion of environmental and sustainable development topics in school and university curricula.This will help to form an understanding among children and young people about the importance of nature, ecology, resource conservation and the green economy.Conducting information campaigns: The State can conduct mass information campaigns about the importance of environmental protection and the transition to environmentally friendly technologies.Such campaigns can be addressed to a wide audience and contribute to the formation of public consciousness.Support and development of environmental organizations: The State can provide support and funding to environmental non-governmental organizations that are engaged in educational programs and initiatives in the field of environmental protection.Formation of green infrastructure: The creation of green infrastructure, such as bike paths, parks, recreation and recreation areas, contributes to the awareness of the population of the importance of a balance between man and nature.Support of scientific research: Funding of scientific research in the field of ecology and green economy will help to increase the level of knowledge and develop new environmentally effective solutions.Encouraging environmental initiatives: By providing tax incentives or other incentives, the State can encourage companies and organizations to switch to green technologies and practices.Development of environmental education centers: The creation and support of environmental education centers, museums and exhibitions contributes to the promotion of environmental knowledge and skills.Education and informing the population about environmental problems and the transition to a green economy has a long-term effect on society.This contributes to reducing the negative impact of human activities on the environment, preserving biodiversity and ensuring a sustainable future for all.
The next trend is encouraging innovation and research.The State can support and encourage research and development in the field of green technologies and environmentally sustainable production methods.This can contribute to the creation of new environmental solutions and innovations.Promote the eco-friendly development of the exhibition industry, lead the development of industry "green standards" and promote the recycling of exhibition facilities.Encourage the use of raw materials and auxiliary materials with a low content of volatile organic compounds in auto repair, finishing and other industries.Advocate that the hotel business, catering and other industries do not take the initiative to provide disposable accessories.Accelerate the development of market participants, encourage the creation of mixed-ownership companies and create a group of large-scale "green industry" groups; encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to focus on their core industries to increase their core competitiveness and develop "specialized and innovative" small and medium-sized enterprises.Further liberalization of competitive energy saving and environmental protection enterprises in the oil, chemical industry, electric power, natural gas and other fields and encouragement of state institutions to introduce energy escrow services.Review the Green Industry Manual in a timely manner to determine the direction of industrial development.To increase the level of waste recycling of industrial parks and clusters.Create an eco-friendly supply chain.Encourage enterprises to implement eco-friendly design, choose environmentally friendly materials, carry out environmentally friendly purchases, build environmentally friendly production processes, introduce environmentally friendly packaging, carry out environmentally friendly transportation and recycle waste to achieve environmentally friendly environmental protection throughout the production cycle [16][17][18].
As required by modernity, the need to introduce ecological product design and build an eco-friendly production complex system, which considers the possibility of vigorously developing the restoration industry and strengthening certification, as well as the promotion and use of restoration products.The issue of the need to create a base for the comprehensive use of resources and to promote the comprehensive disposal of solid industrial waste has become urgent.It is necessary to introduce clean "green" production and conduct mandatory audits of clean production in the industry with "double ultra-high energy consumption" in accordance with the law.The next trend is "clean green agriculture".The main aspect is to accelerate the eco-friendly development of agriculture, which makes it possible to encourage the development of ecological gardening and agriculture, as well as to strengthen the certification of environmentally friendly food and organic agricultural products and their management.To develop ecological circular agriculture, to increase the level of use of livestock resources and poultry manure, to promote the comprehensive use of crop stems and to strengthen control over contamination of agricultural film.Strengthen the protection and improve the quality of cultivated lands, as well as promote integrated management of degraded cultivated lands.To develop a closed-cycle economy in forestry and implement a project for the production of forest ecological marker products.Vigorously promote water conservation in agriculture and promote efficient water-saving technologies.Promote healthy aquaculture of aquatic products.Implement actions to reduce the use of pesticides and veterinary antibacterial drugs, as well as to clean up the environment of the production area.Strengthen the unified planning of aquaculture water areas and beaches in accordance with the law.Improve the management system to prohibit fishing in the relevant waters.Promote the deep integration of agriculture, tourism, education, culture, healthcare and other industries and accelerate the integration and development of one, two and three industries [19][20][21][22][23][24][25].
To increase the level of environmentally friendly development of the service sector.Promote the ecological modernization of commercial enterprises and cultivate a group of subjects of "green circulation".To develop the economy of sharing in the field of travel and accommodation in an orderly manner and to standardize the development of operations with unoccupied resources.Accelerate the environmental transformation of the information services industry, do a good job on the ecological construction and transformation of large and medium-sized data centers and network computer rooms, as well as create an ecofriendly system of operation and maintenance.Improve the mechanism of collecting "green" payments and pricing.To improve the policy of charging for wastewater treatment, rationally formulate standards for charging for wastewater treatment in accordance with the principle of taking into account the operation of treatment facilities and the costs of treatment and removal of sludge and reasonable profitability, as well as to improve the mechanism of dynamic adjustment of standards.In accordance with the principle of payment by the manufacturer, a system of charging for the processing of household waste has been created and improved.Each region can implement differentiated management such as classification, pricing, measurement and charging according to the actual local situation.Improve energy conservation and environmental protection policies in the field of electricity [26][27][28][29][30].
Strengthen support for laws and regulations.Promote the improvement of laws and regulations to promote green design, strengthen environmentally friendly production, increase resource efficiency, develop a closed-loop economy, strict pollution control, promote the development of environmentally friendly industries, expand environmentally friendly consumption and introduce environmental disclosure to combat climate change.To strengthen the supervision of law enforcement agencies, to intensify the investigation of illegal actions, punishment for them and prosecution, as well as to strengthen coordination and cooperation between administrative law enforcement agencies, supervisory authorities and judicial departments.Special attention is focused on legislation as an instrument of public control.The Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic guarantees the possibility of implementing a sustainable development program.In the context of the country's basic law, special attention is paid to the issue of achieving prosperity in the country through sustainable development and social justice.To ensure an increase in the real growth rates of the national economy, an increase in living standards, an expansion of employment opportunities, a reduction in unemployment and the eradication of poverty, thereby putting the issue of sustainable development at the center of the state's attention [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49].
Consequently, there is an urgent and necessary need to update the legal framework and mechanisms and develop protective laws that would form the basis for a comprehensive development process, given the role that these laws play in the economic and social development of any developed, developing or less developed society, since no society or country can implement comprehensive reforms.and the development process without developing a legal framework commensurate with the needs of individuals and local and international institutions.

Conclusions
In the field of sustainable development, the Kyrgyz Republic focused on the following aspects: 1. Environmental protection.Laws and programs aimed at protecting natural resources, combating pollution and preserving biodiversity have been implemented.Which made it possible to include improved waste management, an opportunity was created for the development of environmentally friendly technologies and renewable energy.
2. Renewable energy.The Kyrgyz Republic has significant potential in the field of renewable energy, such as hydropower and solar energy.The State has promoted the development of projects to use these sources in order to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Agriculture and sustainable methods.The Kyrgyz Republic is at the stage of improving agriculture and using sustainable farming methods.This included supporting farmers in the development of new technologies that helped preserve soil and water resources.
4. Social equality and economic development.Sustainable development also requires a focus on social equality, poverty reduction and economic development.The State pursued a policy that promoted a fair distribution of income and the creation of equal opportunities for all citizens We believe that the state's approach to the relationship between the green economy and law should be comprehensive and aimed at achieving sustainable development, environmental protection and ensuring the well-being of the population.The link between the green economy and law requires active interaction and cooperation between Government, society and the private sector.This will ensure a successful transition to sustainable development and a greener future for all.