Study on energy consumption regulation of devices in industry enterprises

. As a result of the implementation of certain standards for the energy consumption of electricity consumers used in industrial enterprises, the work on prevention of excess energy waste in the enterprise is gaining urgent importance. Grouping devices with the same performance into groups, monitoring energy consumption and early detection of deviations from established limit parameters, has a positive effect on energy and resource saving in the enterprise.


Introduction
The development of the global economy and social structure depends on energy and the entire infrastructure that surrounds it.At the most fundamental level, individuals want access to power for house lighting and heating as well as clean, safe water for drinking and cooking.The introduction of the amount of electrical energy corresponding to the product unit of the devices in the enterprise is necessary to recognize the contribution of all enterprises to the cost of the developed product [1].Up to the middle of the 20th century, the second industrial revolution was responsible for the development of the current marketplaces for the sale of energy and transportation.The energy industry is the most traditional restraint on the national economy in the third industrial revolution era [2].Increased energy efficiency is a significant step in the fight against climate change and a key element in helping individual businesses stay and grow competitive.Energy services make it simple to achieve significant improvements in energy efficiency.The most notable example may come from the building industry, where several buildings in a given area may have identical energy service measures, which subtly implies cheaper procurement transaction costs for energy service contracts.Energy services have received far less attention from the industrial sectors, and especially from industrial enterprises [3,4].A number of achievements are achieved as a result of monitoring the changes in energy consumption of devices used in industrial enterprises separately or in groups based on their performance characteristics [5][6][7][8].These include the prevention of major damage caused by some small damage to the equipment used in the enterprise, the reason for the increase in energy consumption from the limit value, and the increase of the service life of the electric machine.Standards should be based on the energy characteristics of technological equipment and take into account acceptable operating modes [9,10].Standardization of consumption of fuel, electricity and thermal energy is to determine planned measures of their consumption in production [11][12][13].Individual standards of electricity and thermal energy, fuel consumption are developed for each enterprise in accordance with specific technologies of product production.

Methods
In production enterprises, a number of methods are used to determine the amount of energy per unit of product.Analysis methods are divided into physical and financial-economic.Physical analysis works with physical (natural) quantities and aims to determine the characteristics of energy use.A physical examination usually includes:  the composition of analyzed energy use objects is determined.Individual consumers, systems, technological lines, buildings, departments and the enterprise as a whole can serve as objects;  the distribution of all energy consumed by objects, energy sources and energy carriers according to individual types is determined, for which information on energy consumption is brought to a single measurement system;  factors affecting energy consumption are determined for each object, for example, product production is a factor for technological equipment, external temperature for heating systems, useful energy for energy transmission and conversion systems, etc.;  the relative energy consumption for certain types of energy resources and objects is calculated, which is the ratio of energy consumption to the influencing factor;  the relative consumption values are compared with the main The financial and economic analysis is carried out in parallel with the physical analysis and aims at economic justification of the conclusions obtained on the basis of the physical analysis.At this stage, the distribution of costs for energy resources is calculated for all energy consumption objects and types of energy resources.Direct losses are assessed in monetary terms.Financial and economic criteria are very important in the analysis of energy-saving recommendations and projects.Development of energy saving recommendations .The purpose of this stage: to determine which of the ideas are feasible as real projects; comparing alternative ideas and choosing the best; develop a single list of projects.Energy-saving measures are developed by applying the usual energy-saving methods to the objects that use the energy resources most wastefully or inefficiently, identified at the analysis stage.The designation of the above images represents the following: EM-processing unit; R-transmission unit; SONconveyor; L-processing machines; PR-product.As a result of the analysis of technological schemes of production enterprises, it was shown that enterprises can be divided into three types according to the rules of operation: 1. enterprises with one technological flow, they receive one type of product (Fig. 1); 2. enterprises with several technological streams, each of which produces several types of products.(Fig. 2); Taking into account the above production stages, it will be possible to evaluate the performance of the devices involved in the production of the product using the types of energy consumed.

Results and Discussion
When obtaining the results of the energy consumption analysis of the researched enterprises, a number of requirements were implemented: to analyze the chain of technological processes, to determine the composition of energy consumers and energy consumption, in order to analyze the energy consumption of industrial enterprises ; analysis of the methods of regulation of electricity consumption in industrial enterprises and their improvement taking into account the actual work regimes of energy consumers; development of hardware and software complex for analysis of energy consumption of industrial enterprises ; it is necessary to develop the concept of saving electricity, methods of choosing energy-saving technologies and equipment.Also, in some enterprises, simplified expressions are used to determine the monthly and annual consumption of electricity: Here  .-monthly consumption of active electricity in the workshop,  • ℎ; the number of electrical consumers of one type in the shop, units; .-installed power of i-type electric consumers, kW; .-coefficient of use of i-type electricity consumers ; Т ...ℎ-hours of operation per month of i types of electricity consumers, hours.The amount of two-year production of the researched enterprise and indicators of annual production in million soums are given.Table 3 shows the indicators of the enterprise   Table 4 shows the changes in the company's indicators of electricity consumption per unit of product.As a result of monitoring energy consumption based on the types of electric energy-consuming devices of the enterprise and planning current maintenance works using the results, the following achievements are achieved: -to reduce the service life of working devices; -electric energy provides an opportunity to control the increase in wastage; -allows to ensure the integrity of the production process.As a result of controlling the production process at the enterprise according to the normative indicators, the consumption of electricity can be saved by 4-12%.The main factor affecting this result is that the electric motor does not start because the load of the electric motor does not reach the limit values of the protection devices installed on it.As a result of this, the amount of electrical energy consumed in relation to the efficienc y of electric motors is increased.
Fig.s, after which a conclusion is made about the efficiency of energy use for each object.Key Fig.s may be based on industry standards, previous performance of a particular enterprise or relevant foreign and domestic enterprises, physical modeling of processes or expert assessments;  direct energy losses are determined due to slippage of energy carriers, insulation failure, equipment malfunction, failure, failure to load, and other identified disturbances;  in the end, the most vulnerable objects in terms of energy efficiency are determined.

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Stages of production of one type of product in the enterprise

Fig. 2 .
Fig. 2. Lines with production of several types of products in the enterprise

Fig. 4 .Fig. 5 .Fig. 6 .Fig. 7 .
Fig. 4. Changes in the quantity and prices of products in the first year of the enterprise are presented

Table 1 .
The balance of energy consumption of the enterprises

Table 2 .
The annual energy consumption of the main technological and auxiliary equipment section of industrial enterprise equipment and additional equipment

Table 4 .
An indication of the standard consumption of the product and the average value is given