Describing the administrative border of Koshtepa district on an electronic digital map and creating a web map

. In this article, the administrative border of the district is described on an electronic digital map and a web map is created, on the basis of the obtained results, in the development of target state programs for the establishment of digital maps connected to coordinate systems in the determination of the boundaries of villages and towns of the Koshtepa district of Fergana region and the determination of the boundaries of administrative-territorial units, and the design and determination of administrative boundaries data is provided.


Introduction
Great importance is attached to achieving economic efficiency through the use of digital technologies in the world and its various regions.With the help of digital technologies, a number of works are being carried out to develop science, as well as to eliminate its problems in each area, relying on scientific foundations.In particular, it is important to carry out the field of land formation, Geodesy, cartography and cadastre in accordance with digital technologies, to obtain quick data and manage land resources, to improve the way in which the boundaries of administrative-territorial units are defined on the basis of digital technologies Based on the use of digital technologies and geofascial data in the world to date, it is widely used to provide accurate reliable information about the administrative territory, to establish the boundaries of territorial units, and to solve problems on territorial borders.In this regard, special attention is paid to research aimed at the development of Land Resource Management, land structure design, land monitoring, land accounting and state Cadastral management, and the development of the uslus of delimitation of administrative-territorial units, based on their experience in the developed countries of the economy [1,2,3].
In the decrees and resolutions adopted in our republic, comprehensive measures are implemented to further improve the quality of digitization and service of the population of all sectors of the country's economy, as well as the rational and effective use of land resources, the correct Organization of land creation and land monitoring, especially administrative -territorial units, establishing boundaries and accurately maintaining land In the development strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026, including "...important tasks are set for determining the content of open data in the state register and introducing a public Geoportal on the basis of open data, and developing the procedure for presenting data to state and economic governing bodies and individuals and legal entities through the National geoaxborot system.In the implementation of these tasks, including the rational and effective use of land resources, the implementation of scientific research on the improvement of the method of setting the boundaries of administrative-territorial units on the basis of digital technologies in the exact maintenance of land accounting is becoming important [4,5].

Level of study of the problem
In different regions of the world and in our country, a number of scientific and research works on land formation, land formation design, land monitoring, remote sensing of the land, and determining the borders of administrative-territorial units using geodetic and cartographic data are carried out by foreign and national scientists.conducted.In particular, S.N.Volkov, S.P.Kavelin, S.A.Avezbayev, Q.Rakhmonov, A.R.Babajonov, D.O.Jurakulov, R.A.Turayev, A.Inamov, on earth preparation and earth salt design, scientists A.A.Genike, G.G.Pobedinskiy, A.V.Maslov, G.I.Gorokhov, Kh.Muborakov, Z. Okhunov, S.A.Tashpolatov; carried out and developed by scientists of cartography and remote sensing of the earth T.M.Mirzaliyev most of the suggestions and recommendations are still being used in practice today.At present, studies on the use of digital technologies in land formation, land design, and the determination of boundaries of administrative-territorial units in our country have not been sufficiently studied.Therefore, there is a need to improve the method of defining the borders of administrative-territorial units based on digital technologies [6,7].

Object of the research
The boundaries of administrative-territorial units of Fergana region.

Research methods
In the process of research, methods such as organization of administrative-territorial units, geostatistical analysis, geospatial linking of objects, cartographic marking, remote sensing, field observation methods and information digitization were used [8].

Result and discussion
Currently, in all developed countries, great results are being achieved by keeping information on regions on the basis of GIS.On the basis of the conducted research and learned experiences, work was carried out on the harmonization of administrative boundaries and the precise definition of their boundaries through the use of GIS programs.In this process, we will have to pay special attention to the possibilities of GIS programs.ArcGIS program is distinguished from other programs by its high capabilities.With the help of the ArcGIS program, it is possible to GISher information about all land categories and land users in the administrative district into one system and create digital land maps.With the development of GIS-technologies, the method and technology of creating electronic digital maps formed a fundamentally new stage during the creation and preparation of maps and their copying [9].
High and effective web-mapping products in the ArcGIS program allow solving two important tasks: providing information services to the public through remote access to databases and sharing information between services [10 ].
Materials related to on-the-spot delimitation of administrative-territorial units, as well as other materials related to prospecting and land preparation works before design are considered in accordance with the procedure established by law.
During the research, spatial information of the territory -information about spatial objects, including their location, shape and other properties presented in a specific form and in space-time coordinate systems; non-spatial data -archival materials on the administrative area; image-data of the administrative area obtained by means of satellites and drones; area information -information about all categories of land (land balance) of the territory according to the administrative border; maps and plans -available materials that fully cover the territory; bringing the borders of administrative units to the appropriate coordinate system (SK-42, WGS-84) and others are studied.
Based on the studied information, the creation of a database in the ArcGIS program was formed in the following stages: -entering spatial data coordinates indicating the location of regions (coordinates, etc.); -introduction of quantitative and qualitative indicators indicating the characteristics of the regions (attribute data); -establishing criteria of relations between these two types of data (spatial and attributive); Cartographic data representing areas with coordinates were digitized and entered into computer memory with the help of special programs, and then they were processed.
It was considered the most appropriate way to represent the data as a layer structure when creating an area database.Work performed in geographic information systems was considered the main measure of "window".In the GIS program, it saves as ID, DAT, MAP and TAB files [11,12].
Polygons store information about the sequence of straight and reverse lines, their start and end points.
By carrying out work according to the above scheme, it will be possible to achieve elimination of border problems by aligning the borders of all villages and towns with the help of the GIS of the administrative area.For this purpose, in the formation of all information about the territory, first of all, the formation of a database in GIS programs and the creation of electronic digital maps are considered one of the important tasks.(fig.1).
In the formation of the database of the administrative-territorial units under study, the processes of data collection, management, updating and distribution are carried out mainly through computer software.
In the process of creating maps of villages and towns in the territory of Koshtepa district, cartographic and geodetic information about them was collected and studied [13,14].
In some cases, the administrative boundaries of the districts do not correspond to the borders of the existing administrative-territorial units, and in this case, the landscape characteristics of the areas on the inter-district borders are used as a basis for the collection and analysis of information, the rational use of the specific infrastructure potential and opportunities of the regions.Allows to determine the directions, and finally to define the boundaries of agro-tourist regions [15].
On the example of Koshtepa district of Fergana region, which is considered as the object of research, the principles of creating border maps of electronic digital administrativeterritorial units at 1:25,000 scale and Dorman village at 1:10,000 scale using GIS technologies are focused on.Fieldwork was considered important in defining boundaries.Existing orthophotoplans for use in fieldwork delineation and new orthophotoplans created using UUA for areas with boundary problems will be published in one copy .
The newly released orthophotoplans are compatible with the maps created in previous years, and the contours of the objects and elements in the places are placed on the orthophotoplan based on the appropriate conventional symbols .In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to the description of conventional signs in the dimensions and forms specified in cartographic methods and legal documents (fig.2) [16].It is recommended to describe the electronic digital maps that are created when demarcating the boundaries of administrative-territorial units based on the following conditional symbols depending on their scale.The boundary lines of each administrative unit are represented on maps at a scale of 1:10,000 and 1:25,000 in the following sizes and shapes: -State border; 1 : 10,000 1 : 25,000 -Borders of regions and autonomous republics; -District border; -The border of villages (ovuls) and massifs.
-Boundaries of cities, towns and urban-type settlements.

Fig. 2. Conditional marking of border lines of administrative-territorial units
The elements present in the orthophoto plane and not recorded on the electronic map are drawn on the electronic map based on the information learned in the field, and the elements that are not reflected in the orthophoto plane but appear anew are drawn with the help of geodetic sections .The prepared map is divided into sections of administrative-territorial units [17].
During the updating of the electronic digital map, the boundary markers and linear forms of the boundary are checked by comparison with the natural topoelements shown in the previous map documents.If there are topoelements (roads, ditches, ditches, rivers and streams) on the border of the territory, they are recorded on the electronic digital map in their natural state.The updated electronic digital map will be viewed by the regional, district (city) land resources and state cadastral department (department), and the orthophoto plan will be published in 1 copy on paper in the cross-section of administrative-territorial units in order to accept the completed work [18].ArcGIS 10.4 software was initially selected as the software for creating electronic boundary maps of administrative-territorial units.The program was focused on creating a database using the ArcCatalog section.This process is carried out in the following stages: -defining the boundaries of the state, region, city, district, village, town and village; -setting turning points on the border of administrative-territorial units; -determination of natural boundaries (rivers, railways, main channels, collectors) located on the borders of administrative-territorial units; -formation of a database on the identification of land types within the boundaries of administrative-territorial units.
The WGS-84 (World Geodetic System 1984) system of international coordinates was used for the research.Raster data obtained with the help of Google Earth and SAS Planet programs were used as a cartographic basis in order to determine the boundaries of the administrative unit of the territory of Koshtepa district, which is the object of the study.
Using the program to create a digital electronic map of the administrative border of the district on a scale of 1:25,000, using the nomenclature K-42-131-Bb, K-42-131-Aa, K-42-132-Ab, K-42-131-Bg, K-42-132-Av, K-42-132-Ag, K-42-131-Gb, K-42-132-Va, K-42-132-Vb, K-42-132-The Vg sheets were downloaded to the ArcMap section of ArcGIS, linked to WGS-84 coordinates, each for use as an orthophotomap of the raster data.Using the downloaded raster data, the boundaries of the district were defined.The district was demarcated 500 meters from the boundary line to the outer and inner sides.All objects within the distance of 500 meters were drawn on the basis of conventional symbols created by all the data ( Fig. 4) [19].
The borders of the district with the neighboring districts were determined, the border lines were determined according to the natural geographical boundaries, and the turning points of the border were determined.With the help of the created electronic digital map, the length of the border with the border areas of the administrative district was determined (Table 1) .The length of the border with Yozhiovon, Tashloq, Fergana, Altiariq districts and the city of Margilon bordering Koshtepa district was determined and 120 points were placed between them.
After the above-mentioned works have been completed, in order to determine the coordinates of the research object along the boundary lines and display them digitally, To determine the coordinates of each point along the boundary line drawn using the ArcMap section of the ArcGIS program, the coordinates were sequentially numbered clockwise from the starting point, and the coordinates of each point were displayed digitally in the program [20].
During the research, the boundaries of 20 villages and 14 towns in the district were determined and placed on an electronic map.With the help of the created electronic map of the administrative district, it was determined that the total land area of the region is 36969.81hectares and the border length is 115189.81meters.
In the process of defining the borders of the administrative district, all rivers, railways, main canals, and collectors that passed through the territory of the district were downloaded and the information about them was included in the attribute table.The boundaries of all villages and towns located in the district are archival documents issued by the Fergana branch of the State Scientific Project Institute "Uzdaverloyiha" in connection with inter-farm land development works carried out in 1991-1992 in Koshtepa (former Okhunboboyev) district.data was studied, and based on the newly created orthophotos, the information about the border of the administrative district was mapped on an electronic map (Fig. 6). 4 districts and 1 city border Koshtepa district territory.There are 15 villages and 14 towns in the territory of the district [1].
In order for the created electronic map of the administrative district to be used by the general public, the ArcToolbox window was converted from the ArcMap section of the program, and in order to increase the ease of use in Google Earth and SAS Planet programs, KML and KMZ files were saved and uploaded to Google Earth and SAS Planet.The scope and accuracy of digital cartographic materials should ensure the possibility of determining the boundaries of land plots and the contours of objects with the accuracy that meets the requirements of the law [2,3].
It was aimed to create an interactive map of the administrative district and place it on the geoportal Online platform in order to make it possible for the public to use the digital maps developed on the basis of the research results .For this, ArcGIS Online platforms, designed to create maps of various topics, which are open in the Internet system, were widely used.
ArcGIS software, which is widely used today, will be able to solve two important tasks with highly effective interactive web mapping products.It enables them to provide highquality and fast information services to the public and exchange data through remote access to the database [4].
an interactive web-map that allows obtaining information on the division of Fergana region into administrative-territorial units based on the above information, the administrative-electronic map data for determining the digital border of territorial units, information about regions (districts) of the Fergana region of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as regions (relief, roads, hydrography, settlements etc.) were selected.
was carried out by registering at https://www.arcgis.com, which provides access to the ArcGIS Online platform .Using this platform, the creation of new online interactive web maps was carried out in 2 stages.
At the initial stage, the thematic layer created in the process of defining the boundaries of administrative districts and cities of the region in the ArcGIS 10.4 software was exported in the form of a file in the "SHP" format, and each layer was combined and saved as a "ZIP" archive.
These saved data were downloaded to the ArcGIS Online platform on the web.On the platform, the attribute data was depicted on the map in various ways, the system of conditional symbols was created, and the map composition was equipped.After the completion of the map fitting, the newly created map was saved as a special application web map.
In the second step, all the layers of the map needed for our newly created web map were downloaded to the "Resources" section of the ArcGIS Online platform.To complete this process, it is done through the "Add" section.Elements such as kml, shape, gpg, csv were added to the ArcGIS program using the internet system for the department.This is due to the wide availability of "Customized applications" in the "Map creation" section, using the facilities of the "Resources" section of the ArcGIS Online platform.After entering the attributive data formed during the research into the ArcGIS Online platform, based on the content and purpose of the created online web map, map equipment was carried out [6].
Based on the information and recommendations given above, it was possible to create an interactive web map of the administrative district, which can be used by the general public, with the help of the ArcGIS Online platform, which is active in the Internet system (Fig. 5).During the implementation of this process, information about all districts and cities in the region (date of establishment, total area, number of villages and towns, population, number of border markers, border length and cultivated land) was entered into the created attribute table.It also creates an opportunity to get to know the infrastructure of the regions from a distance in the development of tourism and investment of foreign investors using the information about the regions through the created interactive and web maps.

Conclusion
Improvement of the method of creating an online interactive web map on the "Administrative territory-GIS" and ArcGIS Online platform, as a result, with 2 specialists, the administrative border of the Koshtepa district on a scale of 1:25,000, villages and towns for the first time on a scale of 1:10,000, 1 :2 000 scale electronic digital map and interactive web maps of administrative units linked to WGS-84 coordinate system were created on ArcGIS Online platform.
Based on the results of the research, a recommendation on the use of digital technologies in defining the boundaries of administrative-territorial units was developed.A methodical recommendation intended for geodesy, cartography and cadastral specialists of higher educational institutions, land surveyors, border guards, bachelors and masters in the field of geodesy, cartography and cadastre and land surveying and land cadastre, as well as scientific researchers was developed and put into practice.

Stage 3 .Stage 1 .
Collection of topographic base and remote sensing materials Data processing and updating Acquisition of analytical and cartographic data Scale selection and design work in the preparation of village and town maps for publication Development of reports on the creation of maps and schemes Placement of boundaries of administrative units on digital topographic base of 1:25000 scale.Development of a model of the "Administrative Region-GAT" database.CREATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE "ADMINISTRATIVE REGION" Creation of a digital topographical basis for 1:25000 scale ground surveys of the administrative district Creating a topographical framework Obtaining information about village and town boundaries and analyzing them Downloading border data to the topographic map of village and town boundary points and coordinates Step 4. Creation of 1:10000 scale digital maps and schemes of villages and towns , 030 (2023) E3S Web of Conferences IPFA 2023 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20234520300909 452

Fig. 3 .
Fig. 3. Placement of district boundary and turning points in ArcGIS software (*Developed by the author).

Fig. 4 .
Fig. 4. Representation of the administrative boundary line of Koshtepa district in ArcGIS software (*Developed by the author).

Fig. 6 .
Fig. 6.Web map of the division of Fergana region into administrative-territorial units (*Developed by the author).The digital and interactive web map of the border of administrative-territorial units developed during the research is based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 2, 2020 No. PF-5953 on the Strategy of Actions on the five priority directions of the development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 In the practical measures defined in the State Program for the implementation of the "Year of Science, Enlightenment and Digital Economy Development" : creation of spatial data geoportals of the state cadastre system in order to ensure the exchange of state cadastre data and update cadastral data and serves the practical implementation of tasks of ensuring its integration into the National Geoinformation System.It also creates an opportunity to get to know the infrastructure of the regions from a distance in the development of tourism and investment of foreign investors using the information about the regions through the created interactive and web maps.

Table 1 .
Information on border lengths of Koshtepa district with neighboring districts and cities Table , author by research results based on work released )