Implementation Of Solar Panels As a Support Of Hydroponic Agriculture At Dewaponik Yogyakarta

. Hydroponics is cultivated land in agriculture without using soil media, but agricultural activities by operating using water as a soil replacement medium. Dewaponik is one of the businesses engaged in agriculture using a hydroponic cultivation system located in the Yogyakarta area. The main focus of hydroponic cultivation at Dewaponik Yogyakarta is vegetable plants that can be cultivated using a hydroponic system, such as curly lettuce, pakcoy, kale, red lettuce, and romaine lettuce. The cultivation system at the Dewaponik Yogyakarta Company uses an NFT system, namely the Nutrient Film Technique, with a water pump that is used to drain water in a hydroponic installation. If you forget to turn on the pump or there is a power outage/ blackout by PLN, plants that need nutrients and oxygen will die and not grow; solutions for hydroponic plants using the NFT method must be creative without worrying about these problems. One alternative that can be developed is the implementation of solar panels for hydroponic water pumps. Solar panels with solar panels can get electrical energy from the most abundant energy source on earth, namely the sun. The implementation of solar panels for hydroponic agriculture at Dewaponik Yogyakarta is analyzed using a business plan analysis. The increase in income through the implementation of solar panels as a support for hydroponic agriculture in Dewaponik can be applied by Dewaponik with increased production and a wider market so as to provide greater income to Dewaponik companies.


Introduction
Agriculture is the root of food life, ranging from vegetables, fruits, medicines, etc. Plant cultivation techniques in today's development are very.One of the urban agricultures that is often heard is viticulture, hanging garden, green screen, hydroponics, and roof garden [2].Rapid economic development and growth in urban areas will increase the demand for land in urban areas, turning existing agricultural land into industrial areas.
Urban farming is a method of meeting the food needs of urban communities to overcome the reduction of urban agricultural land.This can include food [8].The concept of urban farming is very suitable to be applied in urban areas with minimal land and expensive land prices.The application of urban farming varies depending on regional conditions ranging from social, cultivation, economy, weather, climate, infrastructure, and other facilities.
Hydroponics is a form of urban farming that can be used, especially in areas that only have a narrow land area.Hydroponics comes from the word hydro, which means water, and ponus, which means strength.Hydroponics, therefore, is the enrichment of water as the basis for plant development and plays a role in plant physiological processes [10].
Technology is increasingly advanced and developing, thus making hydroponics popular in the community because it is an easier and more efficient way to grow urban agriculture.It is proven that using technology that combines concepts can reduce costs and monitor plant growth conditions remotely, such as humidity, temperature, and water level, in real-time [4].
Hydroponics is cultivated land in agriculture without using soil media, but agricultural activities by operating using water as a soil replacement medium [6].The advantages of plant cultivation using a hydroponic system are: 1) Practical and easy maintenance.
2) The selling price of hydroponic plants is higher.
3) There is no risk of flooding, drought, and so on.4) The success of the plant is more guaranteed.5) Cultivation can be done in a narrow area.The disadvantages of plant cultivation using a hydroponic system are: 1) Dependent on electricity.
2) Risk of crop failure when the installation power goes out.
3) The initial capital of the business is quite large.4) Maintenance of hydroponic facilities and infrastructure is rather difficult.
Dewaponik is one of the businesses engaged in agriculture using a hydroponic cultivation system located in the Yogyakarta area.The main focus of hydroponic cultivation at Dewaponik Yogyakarta is vegetable plants that can be cultivated using a hydroponic system, such as curly lettuce, pakcoy, kale, red lettuce, and romaine lettuce.The cultivation system at the Dewaponik Yogyakarta Company uses an NFT system, namely the Nutrient Film Technique, with a water pump that is used to drain water in a hydroponic installation.If you forget to turn on the pump or there is a power outage/ blackout by PLN, plants that need nutrients and oxygen will die and not grow; solutions for hydroponic plants using the NFT method must be creative without worrying about these problems [7].
This, of course, requires Dewaponik to be able to provide electricity for 24 hours nonstop.However, Dewaponik Yogyakarta often experiences power outages due to adequate electrical power and frequent power outages every month or when it rains heavily, causing electricity in the hydroponic water pump installation to be unfulfilled.The result of a power outage at Dewaponik can cause 2,000 vegetable planting holes to fail.Therefore, an alternative is needed to deal with problems in Dewaponik Yogyakarta to minimize crop failure due to power outages at the Dewaponik Yogyakarta Company.One alternative that can be developed is the implementation of solar panels for hydroponic water pumps.Solar panels with solar panels can get electrical energy from the most abundant energy source on earth, namely the sun [8].

Materials and Methods
The location chosen for the research is Dewaponik, taking into account various aspects ranging from product, production, and others.Dewaponik itself is located in the Yogyakarta area, precisely in the Rejowinangun Village, Kotagede District, Yogyakarta City, Yogyakarta Special Region Province.The data collection used is primary and secondary data by direct observation to obtain primary data and literature study to obtain secondary data.The analysis conducted in this research is using Business Plan analysis.

Business Plan Analysis
Business Plan analysis is a plan for what the company will do in the future, including the assignment of resources, attention to key factors, and overcoming existing problems and opportunities [9].The business plan analysis consists of seven planning elements, namely product planning, marketing planning, production planning, organizational and management planning, human resource planning, collaboration planning, and financial planning.The following is an explanation of the seven plans in the business plan:

Product planning
Planning is how a company describes and designs a product that will be developed for its business.This product planning can be in the form of a finished product from the company or the technology to be developed.Contains a description of what goods/services are produced or sold, which is the reason why products and services are made and profits are made by consumers/customers for the goods/services offered [9].

Marketing planning
Marketing can also be interpreted as an effort to create a product with a specific purpose and sell it to other parties [5].The marketing plan consists of two strategies, namely the 4 P strategy and the STP strategy.The 4 P's strategy starts from determining the product, determining the price, determining the place, and determining the promotion.The STP strategy is used to specify the market objectives of the products offered, consisting of determining the segmentation, targeting, and positioning of the company to make it easier to remember in the minds of customers.

Production planning
Production planning consists of a description of the production location by taking into account several aspects, then the layout, production scale, and the selection of technology used in the business being run.Production planning is very important for the sustainability of the system and the desired production results.Production planning must be thought out carefully; if there is an error in production planning, the possibility of failure in production will be even greater.

Organizational planning and management
Management is very important during business development.The field of management describes what I learned in it, the duration of the business or business development, who does the business, and when to schedule it [3].

Human resource planning
This planning is carried out aiming to predict or estimate the human resource needs of a company by predicting the company's human resource needs based on various considerations such as production plans and types of services provided, as well as investments made.

Collaborative planning
Collaborative planning is carried out to expand the company's network to partners, both production partners and supply partners and company production output partners.The collaboration consists of various people in their respective fields to create each part's strength.

Financial planning
Financial planning used in implementing solar panels to support hydroponic agriculture in Dewaponik is profit and loss analysis and R/C ratio analysis.The profit and loss projection is a measure of the success of the performance achieved by a company during a certain period.Profit and loss projections provide details of the company's revenues, expenses, gains and losses during a certain period [1].The financial analysis used next is the R/C ratio analysis which is used to compare the total revenue with the total costs incurred by a company.

Result and Discussion
The implementation of solar panels for hydroponic agriculture at Dewaponik Yogyakarta is analyzed using a business plan analysis which is explained in more detail as follows:

Product Planning
The product in the implementation of the technology used in hydroponics is a solar panel that functions as a producer of hydroponic agriculture electricity at Dewaponik Yogyakarta.Electricity from the solar panels will then be converted into a driving water pump installation to flow water to hydroponic plants, so that hydroponic plants can absorb nutrients optimally for 24 hours non-stop.The use of solar panels as a substitute for electricity from PLN is carried out to minimize crop failure losses due to power outages during exstream weather conditions or inadequate company electrical power.
The implementation of solar panels is of course supported by other equipment such as batteries, digital time switches, solar charger controllers, water pumps, cables, and screwdrivers.These tools have their respective uses and are equally important in supporting solar panel technology for hydroponics.The implementation of solar panel as a support for hydroponic agriculture can be seen in Figure 1.
The components in solar panel technology are interrelated starting from solar panels which function as a tool to absorb solar energy which is then converted into electrical energy, while the solar charger controller is used to control the flow of electricity from solar panels, batteries, digital time switches, and water pumps.In addition, the digital time switch is a component that is used as a time setting for the water pump.

Marketing Planning
The marketing carried out is to market products from the use of solar panel technology as a support for hydroponic agriculture at Dewaponik Yogyakarta, namely hydroponic vegetables.The strategy used to market the hydroponic vegetables uses the 4P and STP strategies.The 4 P strategy used by Dewaponik can be seen in Table 1.  1 shows hydroponic vegetable products from Dewaponik Yogyakarta with the development of technology that has an impact on the amount of hydroponic vegetable production that can be marketed by Dewaponik in accordance with internal and external market conditions of hydroponic vegetable products.The STP strategy for implementing solar panels as a support for hydroponic agriculture at Dewaponik Yogyakarta can be seen in Table 2. Table 2 shows that Dewaponik has its own market and target to market and sell its hydroponic vegetable products.

Production Planning
The production of curly lettuce before the implementation of solar panels was only around 15-20 kg/day, with the use of new technology, Dewaponik lettuce production was able to produce 23-25 kg/day.Lettuce production increases along with the stability of the lettuce production process.The implementation of solar panels as a support for hydroponic agriculture certainly has a positive impact on the stability of the hydroponic vegetable production process because vegetables can be fed with nutrients for 24 non-stop without worrying about the consequences of power outages.The production planning carried out in the implementation of solar panels as a support for hydroponic agriculture is as follows:

Assumption of curly lettuce production
The lettuce assumption was obtained based on the calculation of the hydroponic greenhouse production capacity of Dewaponik Yogyakarta with the following formula: Capacity = number of planting holes average bar/kg Capacity = 204 planting holes 8 sticks of lettuce Capacity = 25.5 kg/day Based on the calculation using the above formula, the production capacity of Dewaponik Yogyakarta curly lettuce is 25.5 kg/day and if multiplied in one month the average harvest every month is 765 kg of curly lettuce per month.b) Analysis of power requirements Power requirements that are taken into account in the implementation of solar panels to support hydroponic agriculture start from the need for water pump power, battery power requirements, and solar panel power requirements.The need for a pump is the first analysis that must be carried out in calculating the electrical power from the implementation of solar panels to support hydroponic agriculture.The size of the water pump will affect the power requirements of other electrical components such as solar panels and batteries.The power of the water pump used in the implementation of solar panels to support Dewaponik Yogyakarta's hydroponic agriculture is a pump with a size of 19 watts.The next calculated power requirement is the power requirement of the battery and solar panels with the following formula: Battery power = (water pump watts x water pump running time) + 35% 12 (volt) Solar panel power = Battery size 5 hours Five hours is the assumption of optimal solar radiation that can be absorbed by solar panels.Based on these calculations, using a 19 watt pump and running the pump for 24 hours, the battery power requirement is 51.3 Ampere/pump and the solar panel requirement is 123.12WP/pump.

Application of technology
The results of the analysis of the capacity and power requirements of each technology component can be used as a reference in the application of technology.The order in the implementation of solar panels to support hydroponic agriculture is the assumption of production capacity → analysis of power requirements → supply of inputs → preparation of batteries → arrangement of solar panels → arrangement of water pumps.The application must be carried out in order to avoid errors in the application of solar panel technology.

Organizational Planning and Management
The organization and management of Dewaponik with the implementation of solar panels as a support for hydroponic agriculture is designed to add one new employee in the technology department to improve hydroponic technology at Dewaponik Yogyakarta.

Human Resource Planning
Human resources at the Dewaponik Company experienced one additional employee who will be recruited with the following job specifications: a) Male/female b) Minimum education SMK / SMA c) Maximum age 40 years old d) Understand the basic concepts of electricity e) Honest, responsible, and discipline f) Able to adapt These specifications are based on the needs of the company with the implementation of solar panels to support hydroponic agriculture

Collaboration Planning
The collaboration consists of input, production, and output collaboration.The input collaboration that is carried out is to support the application of hydroponic solar panel technology in Dewaponik, namely Dewaponik → electronics shop in Yogyakarta.
The production collaboration carried out is in collaboration with partners to produce more hydroponic vegetables and expand the Dewaponik market.
The output collaboration is carried out by Dewaponik to sell its products with the end result of all production activities being hydroponic vegetables with the following flow: a) Dewaponik → restaurants/restaurants → products ready to be consumed by customers b) Dewaponik → reseller → end consumer c) Dewaponik → end consumerPerencanaan Finansial The financial analysis used is the calculation of profit and loss with a common cost of investment costs of 75%.Expenses incurred in the income statement consist of investment depreciation costs, variable costs, fixed costs, and tax costs.The following is the income statement and Dewaponik's R/C ratio can be seen in Table 3 Table 3 Based on Table 3, it shows that there was an increase in net profit received by the company by Rp. 58,180,885.00 with the R/C ratio increasing by 0.53 which means that every Rp. 1 spent will get an income of Rp. 1.70.

Conclusion
The increase in income through the implementation of solar panels as a support for hydroponic agriculture in Dewaponik can be applied by Dewaponik with increased production and a wider market so as to provide greater income to Dewaponik companies.

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Application of solar panel technology to support hydroponic agriculture

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Income statement and Dewaponik's R/C ratio