Kitten Temperature Monitoring System Using Blynk IoT Application-Based Thermal Camera

. Kitten Temperature Monitoring System Using a Thermal Camera with the IoT-Based Blynk Application is intended for kitten caregivers to be able to monitor in real time via a smartphone. An incubator is valuable when a kitten cannot maintain its body temperature within the normal range. The temperature measurement system uses the AMG8833 thermal camera, which can detect a kitten's temperature based on the optimal distance (5-15 cm). Each detected temperature result will be displayed in digital form on the LCD20x4. The test was carried out by comparing the temperature detection performance of the AMG8833 thermal camera system that was tested with a standard infrared IR sensor. The test results show that this system has a difference between the AMG8833 thermal camera system tested and the standard IR sensor of 3.5 o C.


Introduction
One indicator in determining the health condition of animals is body temperature.The mortality rate for kittens under nine weeks of age ranges from 6-20% (Romagnoli et al., 2019).Newborn animals are generally less able to perform thermoregulation than older individuals.Their body size is smaller, they have less hair, and their physiological response or regulation is not well developed (Siswanto, 2016).Thermoregulation is the ability of animals to regulate or maintain their body temperature.The lack of ability of kittens to do thermoregulation is the main cause of susceptibility to hypothermia (temperature below normal temperature).This condition makes the animal caregiver must be able to provide an environment that can maintain a kitten's body temperature within the normal range, and one is an incubator.

Objectives
This research uses a thermal camera in the incubator.The thermal camera aims to measure the temperature of the kitten.Thermal cameras can capture temperatures in a stationary or moving state [1].The main components used are mcuEsp32 Node, AMG8833 Thermal Camera, 20x4 Lcd, Dht22, Relay 5v 4 channel, Adapter 5v & 220v, Exhaust ac 220v, Warmer lamp and Jumper.

Methods
This research creates a temperature monitoring system for kittens using a thermal camera in an incubator.The thermal camera aims to display temperature data from the kittens in the incubator.Thermal cameras can capture temperature while still or moving (Slamet Widodo et al., 2022).The main components used in this study are mcuEsp32 Node, Thermal Camera amg8833, 20x4 LCD, Dht22, 5v 4 channel Relay, 5v & 220v Adapter, Exhaust ac 220v, Warming lamp and Jumper.The stages in the system flow start from the temperature results displayed on the LCD.The system flow design is shown in Figure 1.When the tool is turned on, the program will start reading the temperature of the kittens using a thermal camera.If the temperature of the kitten read by the thermal camera is above the limit, the tool will turn on the fan to cool the cat's temperature.If the temperature of the cat read by the camera is below the limit, the device will turn on the heating lamp.Furthermore, the data will be displayed in the application and the LCD.After that, the tool will repeat the Step Back from reading the temperature using the camera.

Result and Discussion
The thermal camera sensor used is AMG8833.The AMG8833 sensor is a sensor that has the ability to detect and measure the body temperature of objects or objects.The mcuEsp32 node receives analog output from the amg8833 sensor, then converts the data from analog to digital to be displayed on the LCD.The advantage of the AMG8833 thermal camera over other sensors is its ability to detect temperature differences with high accuracy.It can produce images with a good enough resolution to monitor body temperature in detail.Through this research, updating information is no longer only based on the temperature of the incubator room but also directly monitors the body temperature of the observed kitten.The design of the thermal camera installation on the IoT-based incubator (Figure 2).Evaluation is carried out by measuring the success of temperature measurement in three (3) stages.The first stage is to conduct functional testing of each component, namely the MCUEsp32 Node, AMG8833 thermal camera, and 20x4 LCD.The results of the functional testing of each component can be shown in Table 1.

Component
Functional Node MCUEsp32 success Kamera thermal AMG8833 Success LCD 20x4 Success The second stage is to measure the temperature of a one-month-old kitten.The trial was carried out by measuring the temperature of 4 kittens with the distance between the system and the detected object.Distance measurements are carried out to determine the optimal distance of the camera in detecting the resulting temperature.The distance was from 5 cm to 15 cm, with a range of 5 cm for each trial.The results of the system trials with different distances can be shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows the test results for three different distances.The test results showed that the greater the distance between the system and the object, the smaller the temperature of the detected object.The distance of the object to the sensor dramatically affects the temperature reading.The farther the object is, the smaller the reading will be due to interference from the environment, namely other objects that emit infrared so that they are also read (Jati et al. 2019).The third stage of testing is carried out to measure the error rate of the system being tested.The error rate is measured by comparing the thermal camera system with a standard temperature measuring (IR) sensor.This standard infrared (IR) temperature measurement facility configuration works remotely without touching objects.An infrared (IR) thermometer is useful for measuring temperature when other types of sensors cannot be used or do not produce accurate temperatures for some purposes.The results of a comparison of temperature detection between the thermal camera system and the standard (IR) sensor can be shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows the results of a comparison of temperature detection between the AMG8833 system tested with the standard sensor (IR).According to the results, the average difference between the AMG8833 system tested and the standard sensor (IR) is 3.5 o C.

Conclusion
The kitten temperature measurement system in the incubator uses the AMG8833 thermal camera, which can detect the kitten's temperature based on the optimal distance (5-15 cm).Each detected temperature result will be displayed on the 20x4 LCD.The test was carried out by comparing the temperature detection performance of the AMG8833 thermal camera system that was tested with a standard infrared IR sensor.The test results show that this system has a difference between the AMG8833 thermal camera system tested and the standard IR sensor of 3.5 o C.

Fig 1 .
Fig 1. Flow chart of thermal camera system in IoT-based incubator

Fig 2 .
Fig 2. Design of thermal camera installation on IoT-based incubator

Table 2 .
Temperature Measurement Results Based on Distance

Table 3 .
Comparison results of AMG8833 with IR Standard Sensor