Information support for simulation of vibration drive control system

. To increase the effectiveness of the application of various types of vibration drives in the technological process, the issues of information provision were investigated to manage them in accordance with the requirements and limitations of the technological process, to ensure the adjustment of the vibration amplitude and frequency in necessary range. In this case, special attention was paid to the application of vibration drives with electromagnetic and motor exciter, which ensure the production of low-frequency mechanical oscillations, and to the directions of increasing the intelligence of these drives, and it is noted that the control of such drives based on deterministic and fuzzy mathematical models is more efficient. Based on the research results, the structure of information provision of database was developed. Proposed the structure of database for modeling and simulation of vibration drives in terms of the required information. It has been shown that to adjust the output amplitude of AC electromagnetic and asynchronous motor vibrators in accordance with the requirements of the technological process and to keep it stable within certain limits, it is advisable to apply controller-controlled frequency converters, and in a vibrator with DC motor to apply a voltage regulator or a pulse wide modulation regulator. The proposed structure of information provision, which plays the role of the main source for the development of appropriate management and control algorithms, is an effective tool for the development of a universal system to control various types of vibration drives applied in the entire technological process.


Introduction
Different types of vibrators are used during the technological processes, depending on the frequency of mechanical oscillations and the value of the working amplitude, control range in various fields of industry [1][2][3].Depending on the applied process and production capacity, the frequency of mechanical oscillations in these devices can have different values.However, there are such technological processes that, to obtain more effective and economically favorable results, it is necessary to apply vibration devices capable of generating lowfrequency (low than 20 Hs) mechanical oscillations.Various types of electric drives are widely used in the automation of technological processes, depending on the values of the vibration frequency and amplitude, and their control range.In production, the demand for low mechanical frequency vibration devices is increasing always.To generation low mechanical frequency oscillations Electromagnetic type and motorized (DC and AC) vibration devices are used.Different vibrators with motor are selected in technological processes depending on certain technical and economic indicators of concrete technology process and mainly on production capacity.
In addition to the presence of mechanical oscillations in the low frequency range, these devices must have concrete power to fully meet the requirements of the technological process [4].It is of great importance that this kind of vibration drive has a certain intellectuality.During the operation the drive should sense the changes in the parameters of the environment and the operating mode, and to adapt to these changes, thanks to specific control signal, the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations should be kept constant within the given limits.In general, intelligence can be provided at the hardware and software level.At the hardware level some parts or blocks of a device, device or equipment have intellectual characteristics.Software-level intelligence is provided based on new information technologies, including fuzzy sets, neural networks, and genetic algorithms.In all cases, the solution of management and control issues begins with the creation of an adequate model.These models are used in most control algorithms.However, the deterministic algorithms used in the control of several processes do not provide the required accuracy and flexibility, which is due to the fact that some variables are not taken into account in that model or are not considered because the obtained model is complex.In these cases, it is considered appropriate to apply fuzzy modeling.Accordingly, the information provision of the control system of the low-frequency vibration drive includes the building of a mathematical model, its identification, initial data required in the process of development of management-control algorithms and their use, intermediate information, data and results obtained during the calculations, as well as appropriate measurement, control and monitoring algorithms should include the measurement results obtained while working, the information corresponding to the control effects.All information should provide a complete process of information processing for the design stages, development and operation of the vibration drives that consist of electromagnetic and rotor shaft vibration exciters and of corresponding control system [5].

Statement of the problem
The main components of vibration drive are exciter, transmission, adapter and control system.To determine the data and variables necessary for the design (processing) of intellectual exciter drive, one of the main issues is to determine the intermediate and final parameters and indicators involved in the calculations and calculated for both types of vibration drive.Some of them are constructive parameters and indicators, the other part are indicators of the effectiveness of the work of the transmission, and some of them are quantities related to work mode, control, and management.Thus, some of the mentioned quantities and parameters are invariable quantities (constant) during calculations through control and management algorithms -fixed quantities related to various materials, sizes, and physical properties.
Modeling for an electromagnetic vibrator consists of determining the optimal dimensions of the electromagnetic based on the given values of the indicators, electrical calculation, calculation of the mechanical part (springs and anchor system) and simulation by changing the necessary parameters with a certain law [6][7][8].
The general design parameters for electromagnetic oscillation transmission are as follows: size and shape of the core, material, dimensions of the winding, number of windings, diameter and brand of winding wire, winding method (overlapping, side-by-side).
Parameters used in electric calculation, magnetic calculation, heat loss calculation, modeling and control as well as simulation are following magnetic flux, voltage applied to the loop, current, its frequency, temperature variation, ambient temperature, temperature at As can be seen from Figure 1, the structural scheme consists of blocks and modules that define the variables and parameters required for both modeling and simulation, as well as drive design and implementation.At the same time, the issues of determining the optimal work mode as a result of measurements and calculations based on these for control and management purposes are also reflected here.The data structure includes quantities determined as initial, intermediate and final calculations, presented in the form of tables, nomograms and curves.
The structural diagram of the information provision for modeling and simulating process of drives is presented in figure 2. This block includes modules for modeling and simulating of vibration drives with electromagnetic and motor exciter separately.Determination of parameters (coefficients) of the model for each type of vibrator of vibration transfer, that is, the approximation and identification processes are performed based on concrete measurements and indicators.For the simulation of the electromagnetic exciter, the model of the electromagnet is first built and identified.Next, the mechanical part, i.e., the spring, mass and, if required, the system of blocks, is modeled.The simulation model is built and executed using the Simulink application.Then, the transmission mechanism (transmission) that ensures the transmission of low-frequency oscillations to the object is calculated.Application of a converter is intended to adjust the amplitude and frequency of the output signal of electromagnetic vibration transmission and keep it within the required limits (given range).Therefore, the model of that device is used also.Taking all this into account, a complete simulation of electromagnetic drive is performed.The simulation results are then processed, the required table is compiled, and graphs are constructed.Based on the analysis of the obtained results, recommendations are made, and the final report is composed.The simulation process of vibration drive with an asynchronous motor differs from electromagnetic vibration drive by modeling the asynchronous motor and transmission mechanism.If the task of the transmission in electromagnetic vibration drive is to optimally transmission of the produced oscillations (vibrations) to the object, the working principle of the transmission in asynchronous and DC motor exciter is to convert the rotational motion of the motors into displacement (back and forth motion).It should be noted that the inertia of vibration drive with motor exciter is greater than that of electromagnetic type drive, but this, of course, depends on the power and dimensions of the drive, as well as on the nature of the technological process performed.
To model the vibration drive itself and the control system, the mode parameters of the transmission must be known.These require information about the parameters that are controlled and managed during the technological process, as well as the parameters set as the result of calculations.Therefore, in the simulation process, the modeling of these parameters, as well as the application of various vibration drives management algorithms, are considered.
As can be seen from Figure 2, modules simulating the operation and control algorithm of a pulse wide modulated or conventional voltage regulator are additionally designed for modeling the work of a DC motor.Abbreviations used in Figure 2 are: AM -asynchronous motor; AC -alternating current; DC -direct current; EE -electromagnetic exciter; MEmotorized exciter.
As an example, consider the thermal calculation of an electromagnetic vibrator.These calculations are carried out in three stages: 1) calculation of thermal resistances; 2) body temperature calculation; 3) determination of heat increment.When single-phase electromagnets work in a long-term mode, it is advisable to use an equivalent heating circuit.When designing equivalent circuits, it is possible to simplify calculations by referring to the following considerations: -the heat released in the front parts of the electromagnet is transferred to the outside.
-inside the electromagnet with a cross section Ш, heat is transferred from the core to the body and from there to the environment.
-the heat released due to compression and tension in the springs is added to the total electromagnetic losses.In fact, the process of heat exchange in an electromagnet is very complicated, but the results obtained by the equivalent circuit can be considered satisfactory.
The main parameters and dimensions of the electromagnet are shown in figure 3 for calculating the heat of electromagnets.Here, d1, d2, d3 are outer, middle and core diameters, cm; δ is the air gap between the core with cross-section Ш in which the fixed coils are placed and the moving anchor.
Here, dor -the inner diameter of the iron core, δ'-wires is the thickness of the two-sided insulating layer.The conventional number of winding wires and the thickness of the insulation layer is The equivalent thickness of the insulation according to the heat equivalent circuit Thermal resistance of wire insulation Where  1 =   ⋅     -is the fill factor.  =1 P -perimeter of body; kht -heat transfer coefficient of insulation of coil wires (for the considered case kht=0,0004) For the calculation of body temperature ambient temperature is given.Losses in steel body: where  2 = 0,87 ÷ 0,94.
If the results obtained in the calculations do not fully meet the requirements of the given project task, certain adjustments are made to the design dimensions of the electromagnet and the calculation is performed again.According to the final calculation, appropriate changes are made to the electric circuit of the electromagnet.In this regard, as mentioned earlier, it was considered appropriate to apply a thermal resistor with a negative temperature coefficient to compensate for the temperature increase, to connect it in series to the electrical circuit and another thermal resistor connected to the control system and placed on the electromagnet.This change added to the circuit and control system provides the hardware-level intelligence of the electromagnetic vibration drive, ensuring that it operates in an optimal mode.Thus, the designing of the electromagnetic exciter, which is the main leading part of the electromagnetic vibration drive, consists of performing electrical, mechanical, and thermal calculation of the electromagnetic.The calculation of the mechanical part includes the calculation of the transmission mechanism also.
Data and measurement results are subject to initial, intermediate, and final processing based on appropriate algorithms.If the initial processing usually consists of determining the average and integral value, the intermediate and final processing is carried out by approximation and identification algorithms.The primary and intermediate data processing is aimed at determining the correct direction of the modeling process, specifying adjustments to obtain an adequate model, and the final processing is aimed at determining the optimal structure and dimensions of the drive, as well as control signals, based on the modeling results.
To obtain reliable and accurate results in the simulation process, the calculation of both electrical and mechanical parts must be performed in all drive types.Performing the heat calculation of electrical parts (electromagnets and motors) allows determining the optimal parameters of the designed drives and minimizing heat losses.

Conclusion
One of the necessary conditions for the effective operation of the database and information provision is the built and compose of each module of the database according to specific tasks and goals.
The structure of the database for modeling and simulation of vibration drive is based on the modular principle, which ensures the inclusion of new modules for future applications and improvements.
The modeling and simulation process is a part of the general information provision, it allows to study and analyze all types of vibration drives, to evaluate the problems that may arise in the design and development process, and to work out ways to eliminate them.
The proposed structure of information provision serves as the main source for obtaining the necessary information and calculation results for the creation of a universal control system of vibration drives, as well as for the development of appropriate management and control algorithms.

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Structure of database for simulation of vibration drive control system

Fig. 2 .E3S
Fig. 2. Information provision for modeling and simulation process