Improving the method for selecting elements of an automated electrical device

. Today, as a result of the increasing role of automation in all areas of production, the quality of the manufactured product is improving, and its competitiveness is increasing in the national and world markets. In order to ensure the continuity of this advantage, it is urgent to increase the accuracy of operation of electrical devices installed in enterprises. This can be achieved by improving the method of selecting elements for automated electrical devices.


Introduction
Given that semiconductor elements are the basis of an automated electrical device, reliable operation of the device is ensured by the correct selection of their parameters.Currently, there are two ways to select device elements: selecting the appropriate ones by checking each element based on individual conditions, and selecting the appropriate ones by installing the elements during the assembly of the device by experiment.In both of these methods, element selection can cause a number of problems in terms of economy, long duration of selection, and accuracy.
By summarizing the methods presented above, element selection with the help of algorithms in a complex form leads to an increase in accuracy and a reduction in the time of element selection.

Experimental research
Let's consider the selection of elements based on the algorithm for the scheme shown in Figure 1.When developing an algorithm, a database is first created.Brands and parameters of device elements are included in this database.When an element is selected based on the algorithm and the initial data is entered into the program, the program examines the elements included in the database based on the given conditions and selects the most optimal option.Conditional functions of device selection are included in the algorithm, and as a result of their execution, mutual compatibility of the selected elements is ensured [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].
It can be seen that the process of selecting the device elements based on the algorithm from the block diagram elements presented in Figure 2 is divided into three parts.As a result of these parts being executed in sequence and correctly, the values of the circuit elements are derived.Based on the elements matching the defined values, stamps are taken from the references and used to assemble the device.If the input data causes an error in the calculation processes in a certain part of the block diagram, the condition is not fulfilled and the initial data needs to be changed.
By calculating the first part of the block diagram in Figure 2, the elements of the maximum voltage relay (marked with number 3 in the diagram) in the scheme of voltage adjustment of reactive power sources are selected.In the block diagram presented in Fig. 2 "1", in the sequence of selection of device elements: resistance, diode, thyristor and optocouples, the N i value is calculated until the values given in the references for the selected element are selected or until the conditions are met.That is, for the variable values of the device elements, the block diagram first accepts a zero value and performs calculations sequentially [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].
As a result of calculations, if the condition U 1 =U max is fulfilled, this part of the algorithm is considered to have completed its work.If the condition is not met, the calculation is performed by increasing the values of each element by one unit.As a result of these actions, if the value of the element is not determined, it is confirmed that there is an error in the entered values, and an error is generated on the screen about starting the process from the beginning, entering data.The maximum voltage relay shown in the block diagram works when the mains voltage value is normal.That is, when the reactive power consumption is normal, this relay keeps the key K, which blocks the minimum voltage relay, open [25][26][27][28][29][30][31].
(K key is an optocoupler used to match the minimum and maximum voltage relays depending on the mains voltage).
By calculating the second part of the block diagram in Fig. 2, the elements of the minimum voltage relay (marked with number 4 in the diagram) in the device for voltage adjustment of reactive power sources are selected.In the block diagram presented in part "2", the values have the same meaning as in part "1".Only the fulfillment condition changes, i.e.U 1 =U min condition must be fulfilled [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].
By calculating the third part of the block diagram in Figure 2, the elements of the control part (marked with numbers 1 and 2 in the diagram) in the reactive power source voltage rectifier are selected ("Part 3").In the block diagram presented in part "3", the key K is included so that the minimum and maximum voltage relays perform the function of connecting the capacitor bank to the mains depending on the value of the mains voltage.When the voltage on the installed bus of the switch device is lower than the U min value, it starts to connect groups of capacitor batteries one after the other to the network.It stops connecting the capacitor batteries when the bus voltage value exceeds U min and reaches the nominal value.If the voltage on the bus is greater than the value obtained as Umax, the switch connects the maximum voltage relay and it starts disconnecting the group of capacitor batteries from the network.In this way, the electric circuit is adjusted depending on the voltage value.

Research results
To calculate the adek currency of the proposed device, the relative error d in the calculation of the reactive power automatic adjustment device based on the available method was estimated from the production technological process, from the technological process being calculated.Calculations based on the proposed method show that the average relative error in error/selection is 3% compared to the average error of the current method of 4.8% (Figure 3).
The above-mentioned error analysis shows that the proposed algorithm has determined the production.
1. Existing method, 2. Proposed method.Because in this, a database of element parameters corresponding to the change of reactive power consumption values is formed, it checks the compatibility of each element value with the values of the selected element, and selects the most optimal, small error selection data.allows you to identify device elements.

Conclusion
1.When the element is selected through the algorithm, the accuracy of the device increases, along with the avoidance of excessive costs.This has a positive effect on the reliability of devices in existing enterprises.
2. It is possible to develop an algorithm for selecting elements of other electrical devices from this adjustment device.

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Scheme of voltage adjustment of reactive power sources

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Algorithm block diagram of the selection of elements of the device for voltage adjustment of reactive power sources

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Error graph in the selection of device elements