Evaluation of Parameters Service Standard Minimum (SPM) Based on Perceptions of Road Users National Segment Kayee Lon

. In an effort to address community needs and assist the acceleration of regional economic development, road construction has become a government priority. The problem in road services is that the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) have not been met based on the functional indicators of road sections, road structure and road safety. Road SPM refers to the provision of roads to meet the needs of the community in terms of the physical size of the road in accordance with certain technical criteria. The government, as the operator of the road, is required to carry out the legal mandate as a form of service to the community using the road. The purpose of this study was to determine the service quality of the Kayee Lon - Meulaboh National Road Segment based on the level of importance and performance and to find out which variables are the top priority for improving performance. To perform this study, 135 randomly chosen respondents were given questionnaires on a Likert scale, and the data was processed using the IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) method. The service quality of the Kayee Lon–Meulaboh National Road Segment with Functional Indicators of Road Sections is at the "Important" level with a mean of 3.924 and at the "Moderate" level with a mean of 3.400 based on performance level. Structural indicators of road sections are at the "Important" level in terms of importance, with a mean of 4.189, and at the "Moderate" level in terms of performance, with a mean of 2.995. The Road Safety Indicator is at the "Important" level based on importance, with a mean of 3.924, and at the "Not Good" level based on performance, with a mean of 2.171. Lane width is the factor whose performance has to be enhanced as a top priority for Road Section Functional Indicators. Pavement surface drainage and crack width are two variables that need to perform better in relation to the Road Section Structural Indicators' top priority. Variables that need to be improved in terms of performance as a top priority for Road Safety Indicators are street lighting, zebra crossing and crossing facilities.


Introduction
In an effort to address community needs and assist the acceleration of regional economic development, the government has made the construction of national roads a top priority.The role of the road as one of the land transportation infrastructures that connects one area to another.For individuals to travel economically and as a supporting and driving mechanism for community economic activity, the system of transportation infrastructure and amenities is a requirement.Especially for the smooth flow of activities for the movement of people, commodities, and services, roads and bridges are important transportation infrastructure for sustaining the economy in cities and regions [1].
The provision of road equipment on national roads is the responsibility of the central government, the provision of road equipment in provincial roads is the responsibility of the province, and the provision of road equipment on regency/city roads is the responsibility of the local government, according to Minister of Public Works Regulation Number 01/PRT/M/2014 of 2014 concerning Minimum Service Standards (SPM) in the Field of Public Works and Spatial Planning.According to Law Number 38 of 2004 Concerning Roads, roads are developed using a regional development approach in order to achieve balance and equitable development among regions in order to realize national development goals.Roads also play a significant role in supporting the economic, social, cultural, and environmental fields [2].
Road Minimum Service Standards (SPM) are the physical and technical measurements of roads that abide by specified standards in order to provide service for each road network and road segment within a set amount of time by way of the supply of road infrastructure.In order to give the best service to the community and guarantee the effective use of resources from road operators, road SPM criteria include SPM criteria for road networks and road sections, as required by the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works No. 1 of 2014.
To satisfy the demands of society in social, economic, and governmental life, basic services in the fields of public works and spatial planning are a fundamental and absolute form of public service [3].The SPM indicators are based on quantitative and qualitative performance criteria that specify how many objectives must be accomplished in order to achieve SPM in the form of inputs, output processes, outcomes, or benefits of basic services.The timetable for reaching the desired type of fundamental services in the fields of public works and spatial planning in phases is dependent on the indicators and values used to set the deadline for attainment.
With indicators including functional roads, structural roads, and road safety, the goal of this study is to determine which factors should receive primary focus.This study focused on the section of the Kayee Lon-Meulaboh National Road that provides access to the city of Meulaboh and its surroundings from the southwest. .

Methodology
The study technique is a descriptive one that involves giving out questionnaires to participants, processing data with statistics, and applying the Importance Performance Analysis approach for data analysis.then utilizing the IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) approach to gauge the degree of satisfaction among national road users.The Kayee -Lon Meulaboh Segment National Road compares the degree of importance (expectations) with the level of service performance supplied to road users using the IPA method at the level of appropriateness.

Research Variabel
The following Table 1 lists the research's variables.A random procedure, random sampling, or probability sampling was used for the sample method used with the questionnaire.Purposive sampling is used to count the samples with the intention of picking them at random.Related organizations and users of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh National Road Segment served as the screening criterion for the sample.Hair (2010) assert that there are at least five to ten times as many samples as there are indicators [4].They also say that the ideal sample size is about 135 respondents; in this study, there are 27 variables, which are multiplied by five to get 135 respondents [5].

Likert Scale
The Likert scale, a scale that expresses the respondents' levels of agreement, was the assessment tool utilized in this study.Sugiyono (2013) claims that a Likert scale is used to gauge a person's or a group of people's attitudes, views, and perceptions of social phenomena [6].According to Sekaran (2006), each respondent was then given the results of a variety of items connected to various ideas or factors.The Likert scale uses statements on a 5 (five) point scale using the following wording to determine how strongly the issue is very important or not significant [7]: Very Important (SP) 5 Very Good (SB)

Validity and Reliability Test
Validity describes the extent to which a test or collection of procedures measures what it is intended to measure [8].Validity is the degree to which a measuring device executes its measuring purpose with precision and accuracy [9].Validity information reveals how well a test is able to accomplish its objectives.With the aid of SPSS software, the validity of all functional indicators for roads, structural indicators for roads, and road safety indicators in comparison to the user's Minimum Service Standards (SPM) is assessed.The determined Rvalue is the software's output [10].

Performance Analysis of Importance (IPA)
Using the IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) approach, the analysis measured the degree of public satisfaction with the accomplishment of the national road SPM based on respondents' perceptions.The IPA technique compares the degree of interest (expectation) with the performance level of the services offered to national road users at the appropriateness level.Information: Very unimportant (STP) = 1; Not important (TP) = 2; Neutral (N) = 3; Important (P) = 4; Very important (SP) = 5.

Respondents' Perceptions of Interest Level
With a mean of 4.101, the respondents believe that the functional indicators of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment Road Section are highly significant overall.With a mean of 4.189, respondents believe that the structural indicators for the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment Road Section are quite important.With a mean of 4.071, respondents believe that the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment Road Safety Indicator is quite important.Based on indications of road functional, road structural, and road safety to the degree of importance, the SPM for the Kayee Lon-Meulaboh National Road Segment falls into the Important category with a mean of 4.071.5 demonstrates that all indicators of each factor's relevance and degree of satisfaction have a value of Rcount > Rtable, allowing for the validity of all of these indicators.This indicates that all indicators, which were tested on 135 respondents, performed at a level of importance and performance for each variable.It can go on to the reliability test stage with regard to the validity of all indicators.

Test of Reliabilitiy
Based on the opinions of 135 respondents on the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh National Road Segment, the reliability test was used to determine the level of significance and level of performance of the Functional Indicators for Road Sections, Structural Indicators for Road Sections, and Road Safety Indicators.The assessment criterion is if the factor has a Cronbach Alpha value > 0.6, then the factor is declared reliable.Conversely, if a factor has a Cronbach Alpha value of <0.6, then the factor is declared unreliable.Reliable implies that a variable's level of significance and degree of performance indicators taken together may reflect the variable itself.

Importance Performance Analysis (IPA)
Based on the degree of significance and performance through the value of TKi, the IPA function is to calculate the percentage of appropriateness of interest and performance in the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment National Road service.The percentage of suitability and difference in performance can be shown in Table 7.  7. emonstrates that, out of the 5 variables examined, none had performance suitability values greater than 100%.The performance compatibility of the major road section's functional indicators and the SPM of the Kayee Lon-Meulaboh National Road Segment are almost same.

Fig 1. Road Section Functional Indicators Level of Importance and Performance Cartesian Diagram
Figure 1.illustrates how a single variable is distributed in quadrant I, two variables are distributed in quadrant II, two variables are distributed in quadrant III, and there isn't any variables are scattered in quadrant IV.This shows that lane width variables are the Functional Indicators of Road Sections that need performance improvement with the highest priority, while shoulder width and ROW width variables need performance improvement with the lowest priority.The variable road deviation and the width of the road, meanwhile, need to be maintained.The performance assessment will concentrate on quadrants I and III in order to enhance the service performance of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh National Road Segment.8. demonstrates that, of the 7 factors examined, none performs better than the appropriateness of performance, or > 100%.Pavement variables, pavement materials, groove intensity, and pavement thickness are structural indicator factors for road sections that are important in approaching performance suitability.While groove depth, crack width, and pavement surface drainage are the factors that depart from performance appropriateness.The SPM for the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh National Road Segment on the Structural Indicators of the dominant Road Section is close to performance conformity with only 4 variables, while 3 other variables are further away from performance conformity.

Fig 2. Road Section Structural Indicators Level of Importance and Performance Cartesian Diagram
Figure 2. demonstrates that quadrant I has two dispersed variables, quadrants II and III have none, while quadrant IV has five distributed variables.This demonstrates that the pavement surface drainage variables and crack widths, when the importance level is high and the level of performance is poor, are the structural indicators of road sections that need performance modification with the highest priority.As for the changing pavement characteristics, such as thickness, groove depth, intensity, and kind, where performance is high but importance is low.The performance evaluation will concentrate on quadrant I in order to enhance the service performance of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh National Road Segment.9 demonstrates that, of the 15 factors examined, none has a value greater than the appropriateness of performance, or > 100%.Indicator of road safety The factors of stopping distance and sight distance are those that are most important for reaching performance appropriateness.The placement of signs, road markings, types of signs, sidewalks, signs, pavements, and sidewalk conditions, use by non-pedestrians, utilities on sidewalks, facilities for the disabled, zebra crossings, street lighting, crossing facilities, and a specific crossing phase are the dominant variables away from conformity to performance.Only 2 variables in the SPM for the main Road Section Safety Indicator for the Kayee Lon-Meulaboh National Road Segment are near to performance conformity, whilst 23 other variables are further away.

Fig 3. Cartesian diagram of importance and performance of Road Safety Indicators
Figure 3 shows that quadrant I is distributed with 3 variables, quadrant II is distributed with 6 variables, quadrant III is also distributed with 6 variables, while in quadrant IV there are no variables distributed.This demonstrates that the variables of street light illumination, zebra crossings, and crossing facilities, where the degree of relevance is high and the level of performance is low, are the ones that need to improve in terms of road safety indicators.It must be maintained for things like road markings, signposts, sign location, sign type, visibility, and stopping points when performance and significance are both very high.While the factors of non-pedestrian usage, special crossing phases, utilities on sidewalks, pavements and conditions of sidewalks, sidewalks, and disabled facilities where the level of importance is low with real performance are also not that special so that they have a very small impact on the benefits felt by users.The performance review will concentrate on quadrants I and III in order to increase the service performance of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh National Road Segment.

Table 1 .
Sample soil stabilization with coffee ash mixture

Table 2 .
Instrument for the Likert scale

Table 3 .
Respondents' perceptions of the level of importance

Table 4 .
Perceptions of respondents' performance levelsWith a mean score of 3,400, respondents believe that performance on functional indicators for the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment Road Section is generally reasonable.With a mean score of 2.995, respondents believe that the performance on the structural indicator of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment Road Section is performing at a reasonable level.With a mean of 2.171, the performance level of the Kayee Lon -Meulaboh Segment Road Safety indicator is Not Good.Based on indications of road functional, road structural, and road safety to the performance level, the SPM for the Kayee Lon-Meulaboh National Road Segment falls into the Medium category with a mean of 2.855.

Table 5 .
Results of the Validity Test in Brief

Table 6 .
Summary of Test Results for Reliability

Table 7 .
Percentage of conformity and variation in performance of functional indicators for roads.

Table 8 .
Percentage of Conformity and Performance Variations of Road Section Structural Indicators

Table 9 .
Percentage of Conformity and Performance Variations of Road Section Structural Indicators