Enhancing the Compressive Strength of M30 Grade of Concrete Using Pumice With 50% GGBS and Metakaolin Comparing with Conventional Concrete

: The aim is to compare the conventional concrete by employing a mix of M30 grade concrete, a novel pumice aggregate is used to partially replace the coarse aggregate to create lightweight concrete. All groups were prepared at the composition of 40% Cement and replacing 50% GGBS, 10% Metakaolin is kept constant in our concrete. Coarse aggregate replaced by novel pumice stone and M-sand as Fine aggregate. The group of 6 cubes was formed according to the curing dates of 28 days. Metakaolin and GGBS are procured from Scientific Company and Novel Pumice Aggregate are arranged from online traders. Cement and M sand were arranged from the local shop. The group of 18 cubes was formed according to the Curing date for 28 days. To determine the compressive strength, two groups and a total of 36 cubes were constructed. The average compressive strength test result for conventional concrete of grade M30 at 28 days is 30.28 N/mm 2 . The average result for Group I and for 18 cubes for the M30 grade of concrete @ 28 days Compressive Strength test result of Concrete with Novel Pumice Aggregate stone and Partial Replacement of GGBS and Metakaolin by the weight of cement is 35.19 N/mm 2 . From the independent t-test analysis p=0.000, i.e., smaller than p=0.05(p<0.05) which indicates that there is a noteworthy statistical distinction between the two groups. The compressive strength of concrete of M30 grade at 28 days of compressive strength test results of concrete with new pumice aggregate stone and partial replacement of GGBS and Metakaolin by the weight of cement is increased.


1.INTRODUCTION
Around the globe, concrete is a substance that is frequently used in building.Concrete is a substance that embodies strength.The durability of this building material for the current infrastructure requirements has come to light as a potential source of concern [1,2].Concrete's strength is defined as its ability to sustain loads that tend to lessen or enhance its tensile or compressive strength.Concrete ingredients are in a state of depletion as a result of the widespread use of concrete in this century.About 70% of the concrete's weight is made up of aggregates Demand for natural aggregates is very strong.due to the daily increase in construction activity.Natural resources are depleting daily, hence it is necessary to introduce some substitute materials that will fulfill the function of natural aggregates.About 70% of the concrete's weight is made up of aggregates.Natural aggregates are in high demand due to the daily increase in construction activity.
From google scholar a total of 17000 research topics and it couldn't be found in the real time application.Hence this research was taken.Natural resources are depleting daily, hence it is necessary to introduce some substitute materials that will fulfill the function of natural aggregates [3][4][5][6].It was noted that a country's ability to provide sustainable housing has been limited over time by a number of factors, including [7,8].It will significantly lower production costs, which will lower construction costs as a result.By doing this, quarry dust will be successfully used as opposed to being squandered and posing environmental risks.
Novel Pumice Aggregate can be utilized as a substitute material for coarse aggregate.The porous, rounded, and irregular quality of novel pumice aggregate is created.Novel Pumice Aggregate appropriateness for a given end-use depends on a variety of physical characteristics, including all.Contrarily, the aggregate's porosity facilitates cement paste penetration and the creation of thick, uniform interfacial zones between the aggregate.Having a fundamentally similar chemical composition to rhyolite, New Pumice Aggregate is an excessively cellular, glassy lava [9][10][11][12][13].Scoria are basalt-like in nature, have uneven shapes, and are frequently quite vesicular.
Typically, Scoria is more crystalline, darker, and heavier than New Pumice.Novel Pumice Aggregate is a raw material that is very light and porous.It can be found all throughout the world, particularly in a number of emerging nations where there have been or are currently active volcanic zones.Novel Pumice Aggregate their light weight and insulating qualities.Reduced dead weight in constructing structures is a benefit of using lightweight aggregates to make lightweight concrete.Contemporary building is a crucial and adaptable material[

2.Materials and Methods
The experiment was undertaken in Saveetha School Of Engineering's Concrete Laboratory, which is part of the civil engineering department.The project was to be fabricated in M30 design concrete cubes.Concrete cubes moulded in the standard size of 150 X 150 X 150 mm were prepared to find out the compressive strength of concrete.Novel Pumice Aggregate stone (8-12mm thickness), Figure 1 shows GGBS and Figure 2 Shows Metakaolin.

Fig. 2. Metakaolin
Metakaolin in powder and GGBS in powder format.The cement of the highest quality is made up of the ordinary portland cement content Comprising calcareous and argillaceous minerals in addition to other materials such as gypsum.Figure 3 shows Novel Pumice Aggregate stone.[14][15][16][17]M-Sand that has been sieved to a fineness of 4.75 microns is used to make fine aggregate.The casting of concrete cube specimens is depicted in Figure 4. Novel Pumice's qualities are displayed in Table 5.

Fig. 4. Casting of Concrete
A total of 72 Cubes were casted with 18 cubes for each mix design.After the casting progress, the cubes were kept for 24 hours and demoulded , and the curing period was taken to the compression strength of 28 days.
Figure 5 shows the curing of concrete specimens.After the curing process completed, the specimen was taken.The compression testing machine was utilized to calculate the resisting strength in N/mm 2 .The ultimate load was taken and calculated by using the stress formula and known about the maximum load resistance by the concrete cube specimen. ,

3.Statistical Analysis
The Statistical Report generated through the SPSS Software and analyzed the results.The mean were also computed for compressive strength.Represents a group of statistics for a sample group of 50% of GGBS and 10% Metakaolin and Novel Pumice Aggregate stone as coarse aggregate.Mean (30.28, 35.19).There is a statistical significant difference and P=0.000 as it is lesser than P=0.05. Figure 6 shows the Chart derived from spss for compressive strength of a sample group of 50% of GGBS and 10% of metakaolin and Novel Pumice Aggregate stone as a coarse aggregate mixture of concrete and conventional concrete.

4.RESULTS
The average 28 days of compressive strength test result of conventional concrete is 30.28N/mm 2 .Table 6 shows the compressive strength result of conventional concrete.The compressive strength test result of concrete with Novel Pumice Aggregate stone and partial replacement of GGBS and Metakaolin by the weight of cement is 35.19N/mm 2 for average result of Group I and for 18 cubes.

Figure 6 :
Figure 6: Bar chart analysis of mean compressive strength sample group of 50% of GGBS and 10% of metakaolin and pumice stone as coarse aggregate mixture of concrete and conventional concrete.X-axis shows the a comparison between modified and regular concrete.The compressive strength test results are shown on the Y-axis.LightWeight Concrete exhibits greater precision than traditional concrete.The Confidence interval was taken as 95% and +/-1 SD.

Table 1 displays
all of the attributes.The specific physical properties of M-sand are derived in Table2, while the physical characteristics of the Novel Pumice Aggregate are shown in

Table 2 :
Physical Properties Of The Fine Aggregate

Table 3 :
Physical properties of Coarse AggregateThe M30 design was made with the ratio of 1:0.75:1.5 Cement: Fine Aggregate: Coarse Aggregate respectively.Using cubes with a standard size, compressive strength was determined.The comparison of the characteristics of cement, metakaolin, and GGBS is derived in Table4.

Table 5 :
Properties of Pumice

Table 6 :
M30 Grade of concrete at 28 days at Compressive strength test result of conventional concrete.

Table 7 shows
M30 grade concrete 28 days of compression strength test result of concrete with Novel Pumice Aggregate stone and partial replacement of GGBS and Metakaolin by the weight of Cement.There is a statistical significant difference and P=0.000 as it is lesser than P=0.05.

Table 7 :
Represents the Compressive Strength of M30 Grade of Concrete Using Pumice With 50% GGBS and Metakaolin

Table 8 :
Independent samples t-test results for sample group of 50% of GGBS and 10% of metakaolin and pumice stone as coarse aggregate: There is a statistical significance difference.And it was observed for compressive strength in an independent sample t-test P=0.000 as it is lesser than P=0.05.

Table 9
Shows the group statistics derived from the SPSS Statistical analysis.

Table 9 :
Represents group statistics for a sample group of 50% of GGBS and 10% of metakaolin and pumice stone as coarse aggregate.