| Issue |
E3S Web Conf.
Volume 59, 2018
2nd International Conference on Science and Technology Current Issues in Water Distribution and Treatment (CIWT 2017)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 00001 | |
| Number of page(s) | 6 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185900001 | |
| Published online | 16 October 2018 | |
Membrane surface morphology and fouling in filtration of high DOC water
University of Manitoba, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Winnipeg, 15 Gillson St., MB R3T 5V6 Canada
* Corresponding author: Beata.Gorczyca@umanitoba.ca
In Canada many potable water sources contain very high concentrations of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), accompanied by a wide range of hardness. DOC reacts with chlorine used in water disinfection to form potentially carcinogenic chlorine disinfection by-products – Trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Dual membrane plants that combine microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF)or nanofiltration (NF) can remove DOC and reduce THMs concentration, but these plants are prone to serious fouling of their UF or NF membranes. The objectives of our research are to study the mechanisms of UF/NF membrane fouling. We have determined various resistances of DOW Filmtech NF90 (flat sheet coupon), based on the resistance in series model. The experiments were conducted on a bench scale cross-flow membrane filtration unit (Sterlitech), using synthetic water with DOC of 11 mg/L and calcium hardness of 350 mg/L that represents typical surface waters in Manitoba (Canada). The results suggest that gel layer on the surface of the membrane has a significant contribution to the flux decline. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) allowed for relatively inexpensive, non-destructive analysis of the surface area of the gel layer deposited on the membrane filter. The morphology of the gel layer was related to the gel layer resistance.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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