The use of Scots pine waste biomass for heating purposes

¹ University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Technical Sciences, 10-719 Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego str. 2
² University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geodesy, Geospatial and Civil Engineering, 10-719 Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego str. 2

^* Corresponding author: mak@uwm.edu.pl

Abstract

Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris) is a very popular tree species in north-eastern Poland. Pines are frequently encountered in allotment gardens in the proximity of residential buildings. Pine biomass should not be composted because the produced humus has acidifying properties. For this reason, the management of pine waste biomass poses a problem. The article proposes a solution for managing pine waste biomass for heat generation. In the study, pine waste biomass was composed of needles, cones and dry branches. The biomass potential of Scots pine was determined. Waste biomass was harvested in spring when most allotment gardens are cleared after winter. The biomass yield of several trees was determined (in kg and dm³), and the average yield per tree was calculated. The average proportions of different biomass fractions in mixed waste biomass were also determined. The specific heat of different biomass fractions (needles, branches, cones) was determined for two scenarios. In the first scenario, waste biomass was harvested during a prolonged dry spell, and in the second scenario, waste biomass was harvested immediately after rainfall. The energy potential of waste biomass was determined. The harvested biomass was burned in an open fireplace in a cottage with an area of 48 m². The time required to burn 10 m³ of biomass and the resulting increase in indoor temperature were measured. The environmental impact of burning Scots pine biomass was determined.