Using Daphnia magna Straus to monitor toxicity of sustainable oil sludge bio-phytoremediation

¹ Department Biology Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences University of Padjadjaran
² Department Fisheries Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences University of Padjadjaran

Abstract

Oil sludge (OS) is the toxic product of various oil refinery processes. Oil sludge biophytoremediation is sustainable remediation efforts were conducted to reduce OS toxicity level and they also need to be monitored through toxicity test. In this study, the toxicants were OS postbiophytoremediation for 24 months (OS₂₄) and 40 months (OS₄₀), and were tested to Daphnia magna. The toxicity test consisted of Range Finding Test, acute and chronic toxicity test. The purpose of this research is to obtain the LC50 value of each OS and the chronic effects shown by D. magna. The method in this study was experimental with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The LC_{50-96 hours} values were calculated from 50% of dead individuals while D. magna reproduction was calculated from the number of neonates (offspring) produced within three weeks. The LC₅₀ of OS₂₄ and OS₄₀ were 0.042 ppm and 0.366 ppm respectively. Both were categorized as ‘extremely toxic’ refer to Swan, 1994, observed chronic effects were reproduction delays and a decrease in the number of neonates.