Analytical evaluation and systematization of technologies for extraction of rare metals from production waste

¹ Federal State Autonomous Institution Research Institute Center for Environmental Industrial Policy, Moscow, Russia
² Russian State University of Tourism and Service, Moscow, Russia
³ Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

The article is a message containing systematized information on resource-saving technologies as the basic for involving metal-containing secondary raw materials in the economic turnover. The set of independent technologies arranged in a certain sequence that solve the problems of resource saving allows us to compare the specific features and effectiveness of the use of each of them, the details and features of the processes. It is shown that the following can be the main sources of rare metals and REE: phosphogypsum (REE, Sr); ash and slag waste from TPPs, ash and slag waste (REE, Ti, Sc); metallurgical slags (Ge, Be, Se, Te, V); sulfuric acid dust (Se, Te); alumina production waste - red mud (Sc, REE); liquid waste from sulphate production of titanium dioxide (Sc, Ti); refinery dust bins (Se, Te); wastes from production of permanent magnets (Nd, Sm). It is noted that the technology uses beneficiation methods, acid leaching and ion-exchange concentration, biotechnology, electrolysis, heat treatment, a combination of different methods. To assess the quality of man-made raw materials and their suitability for complex processing and utilization, the article uses the methodology of analytical research of a set of patented technological solutions (technological samples were taken from real man-made deposits).