Characteristics of irrigated soils of Bukhara region intended for cotton sowing

¹ Bukhara State University, No. 11 Muhammad Iqbol, Bukhara, 200100, Uzbekistan
² Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Street A.Kadiri, 7B, Tashkent, 100128, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: Farmanovb17@gmail.com

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of the characteristics of irrigated soils of the Zhondarsky district of the Bukhara region, intended for sowing cotton. The acreage allocated for the cultivation of agricultural crops should have appropriate indicators that ensure not only high yields, but also high-quality products. Since many soils of the territory of Uzbekistan, including the Bukhara oasis, are highly saline, research work was carried out on the territory. Along with the other twelve regions, the irrigated soils of the Bukhara region are moderately saline, although there are some farms in which the land is characterized by a high degree of salinity. Among the districts and cities with a high level of salinity, as an example, we can take the soils of the Karakul and Olot districts of the Bukhara oasis. Due to the fact that these areas are located in the desert zone of the region, the salinity level is high due to the low amount of precipitation. The indicators of the content of biogenic elements and the mineral composition of the studied soil samples, the total salt content in the composition of soil samples were studied. The content of soluble ions, the content and studies of the main elements that ensure soil fertility such as humus, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and their mobile forms, as well as concentrations of soluble salts in the form of anions, cations and macronutrients have shown that the studied soil belongs to the depleted type of sulfate-chloride salinization.