New seeding units for sowing winter wheat

¹ Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Agrarian Scientific Center “Donskoi”, Lenina str., 14, Zernograd, Russian Federation
² Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Donskoi Technological University”, Gagarin avenue, 1, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
³ Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T.Trubilin”, Krasnodar, Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: sergey_belousov_87@mail.ru

Abstract

One of the main parameters of high-quality sowing of agricultural seeds is their uniform distribution along the length, which is mainly influenced by the sowing unit. In the present work, the sowing of seeds of grain crops using a coil seeding unit is considered as an object of research. As a subject of research, the dependences of the uniformity of seed distribution along the length of the furrow on the non-uniformity of the specific working volume of the coil, the rotation frequency of the blower of the pneumatic seeder and the seeding rate are considered. The aim of the work is to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the area of nutrition that falls on each plant with an ordinary method of sowing winter wheat. The paper presents the results of theoretical prerequisites for determining the working volume of the seeding coil, the results of field experiments of the seeding unit using coils with different geometric characteristics. The analysis of the uniformity of seed distribution using regression analysis and Bayesian networks is carried out. The resulting determination coefficient of 0.82 allows concluding that the resulting mathematical model can be used for practical purposes. It is noted that the proposed cellular seeding coil stands out qualitatively among the grooved and grooved-screw coils. Its use with a probability of 80%, according to the constructed Bayesian network, at low seeding rates of 75-150 kg / ha contributes to ensuring the best indexes for the uniformity of sowing of winter wheat.