Evolution of scientific approaches to the multifunctional public complexes’ development

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Department Urban planning, Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the socio-economic conditions and urban planning features influence on scientific approach and multifunctional complexes hypotheses throughout history. A retrospective analysis of scientific theory, socio-economic and political conditions, and territorial planning city trends helped to identify the specifics of the cultural and social service sector and multifunctional complexes, as the most effective form of public construction development. The idea of multifunctionality as a scientific hypothesis evolved from the objective tasks to revive national economy in the early twenty century and was initially implemented by residential complexes with a developed system of public functions to balance work, leisure, and rest for workers. The planning aspect is revealed through the linear city concepts and new system of resettlement. Later, the function diversity principle was implemented within the development of the citywide center system. The efficacy of multifunctional public construction has been proven over the years; however, modern social, economic, and ecological conditions require different scientific approaches to consider the multifunctional public buildings as an urban planning subsystem requiring interrelated development within the model of territorial spatial environments. The novelty of the research lies in defining modern scientific approaches to the urban planning subsystem of the multifunctional public complexes.