Recycling of animal bone as partial replacement for coarse aggregate in lightweight hollow sandcrete blocks

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ogun State Institute of Technology, Igbesa, Ogun State. Nigeria.
² Department of Mechanical Engineering Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State. Nigeria.
³ Department of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado, Nigeria
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa,
⁵ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute, Ota. Ogun State. Nigeria.

^* Corresponding author: bosemosunmola@yahoo.com

Abstract

Animal bone waste (ABW) is hazardous to the environment and necessitates a sizable area for disposal. This study aims to employ animal bone waste (ABW) in functionalised compact concrete as a partial substitution for cementitious materials, the source of which are both unswerving and appropriate for substitute preventive solutions promotes the industry’s ecological sustainability by minimizing and reducing the negative impact of the concrete industry due to the explosive usage of raw materials. As a result, this paper examines the impact of using crushed animal bones as coarse aggregates in place of sand and cement in the production of concrete. With an improved step level of 10% through cement mass, ABW was applied at a percentage range of 0 to 40%. Bone’s various characteristics in its fresh and hardened states were looked examined. A Sieve shaker machine was employed to sieve the bone after which the bone was boiled and dried to remove moisture. To evaluate whether the employed aggregates and crushed animal bone were suitable for use in concrete, a physical analysis of each was performed.