Structural Equation Model Determinants of Risk Factors for Hypertension Status in Urban Areas in Kotabumi 1 Community Health Center, North Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia

¹ Doctoral of Environmental Science Study Program, The Graduate School, University of Lampung, Indonesia
² Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, Indonesia
³ Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Forest Development and Environmental Management, University of Lampung, Indonesia
⁵ Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: bimoxyl@gmail.com

Abstract

WHO, 2021 estimates 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 years worldwide suffer from hypertension. Identify the significant influence of socio-economic factors and risk factors for the occurrence of hypertension status and prove the hypothesis. Case and control studies in November-December 2022 328 samples, 164 case groups and 164 control groups aged > 18 years who live in the urban area of the Kotabumi Health Center I North Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Latent variables consist of Hypertension, Socio-economy, Environmental, Lifestyle, and Health Services, which are measured through appropriate indicators. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) PLS 3.0. Determinants of socio-economic variables, health services, environment and lifestyle have a significant relationship to the incidence of hypertension by 55.8% in urban areas of North Lampung Regency, indicating that education, access to health services, stress levels and physical activity affect the status of events is the strongest indicator in explaining the causes of hypertension. This research can support the hypertension control program by improving socio-economic. health services through increased access to health services, the environment to reduce stress levels, and lifestyle through increased physical activity. It needs the support of other stakeholders, especially in urban areas in low-income countries and middle class who have socioeconomic as the main problem that caused the incident hypertension, including Indonesia.