Exploring the Research Progress and Application Prospects of Nanomaterials for Battery Positive and Negative Electrodes

Chang’an University, Chang’an Dublin International College of Transportation, 710064 Xi’an, China

^* Corresponding author: yuxi.wu@ucdconnect.ie

Abstract

With the development of science and technology, conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can no longer meet the needs of people. Due to the large particles and small specific surface area of the traditional electrode materials in LIBs, the embedding and dislodging efficiency of lithium ions in the materials is low, thus limiting the energy density of the batteries. During the charging and discharging process, the conventional electrode materials are prone to volume expansion and structural damage, leading to capacity decay and performance degradation. In addition, the ion and electron transport properties of traditional electrode materials are poor, resulting in a limited charging and discharging rate of the battery. The emergence of nanotechnology has opened a new path for the development of battery technology. It not only significantly improves the energy density and power density of LIBs, but also helps to solve the problems of volume expansion and structural damage of LIBs during charging and discharging. More importantly, nanotechnology can improve the safety performance of LIBs. This paper mainly discusses the application of nanotechnology in the electrode materials of LIBs, analyzes the shortcomings of the existing technology, and looks forward to the development of LIBs.