Towards Sustainable architectural practice in specific contexts Through the lens of Spatial Agency approach: The Tafilelt new Ksar (Algeria) as a case study

Institute of Architecture and Earth Sciences, Housing and Environment Laboratory, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif, Algeria

^* Corresponding author: fatah.bakour@univ-setif.dz

Abstract

The emergence of the Spatial Agency approach marks a significant shift from traditional architectural paradigms, emphasizing the interconnectedness of social and technological networks involving diverse stakeholders. This approach aims to reframe conceptual frameworks and establish a resilient built environment. In contrast, the M’Zab architecture in Ghardaïa, Algeria, is adapted to the harsh desert landscape, reflecting socio-cultural identity and meeting the needs of local communities. The ksar of Tafilelt in Ghardaïa exemplifies strategies for preserving M’Zab architecture and urban identity while promoting sustainability and empowering marginalized communities through intricate socio-technical networks. This study examines how architectural interventions in Tafilelt’s new ksar, as a system of agency, contribute to social and ecological resilience, health, well-being, and the continuation of Mozabite architectural identity, particularly focusing on its Eco-Parc. The research methodology utilizes the Mapping Controversies technique and Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as a conceptual framework. Spatial agency is presented as an innovative strategy fostering socio-ecological networks of resilience in the new ksar of Tafilelt. It views architecture as an ecosystem that balances human agency and non-human local devices, empowering communities in decision- making and management. This approach promotes ecological balance, social equity, economic resilience, and health enhancement. The findings and framework can guide local architects in understanding and navigating the complexities of architectural practice, especially in marginalized communities. Future research could explore the application of these concepts in other Algerian regions and compare them with traditional government project approaches to understand their benefits and drawbacks.