Performance Evaluation of Turbulence Models and Ventilation Strategies in 2D and 3D Simulations: A Comparative Study

¹ University of Lorraine, Master /Science Faculty, France
² University of Lorraine, LEM3, ENIM/ Metz, France
³ University of Lorraine, LERMAB, IUT Henri Poincaré de Longwy, France

^* Corresponding author: chuhan.zhao3@etu.univ-lorraine.fr

Abstract

Recent studies have examined the performance of various turbulence models and ventilation strategies through both 2D and 3D simulations. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of turbulence models, such as k-epsilon and k-omega, in simulating airflow and CO₂ distribution under different ventilation conditions. Additionally, the study compares ventilation strategies—including natural, mechanical, and mixed ventilation to assess their impact on energy consumption and indoor air quality. The results indicate that 3D simulations provide a more accurate representation of airflow and CO₂ distribution, which is essential for designing effective ventilation systems. While 2D simulations yield faster results and lower computational costs, they often lack the detail necessary for capturing complex flow dynamics. Among the strategies evaluated, mixed ventilation was found to offer the best balance between energy efficiency and air quality, making it the optimal choice for sustainable building design.