Assessment of environmental conditions in the Southwestern Region of Moscow

¹ Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26, Yaroslavskoe Av., Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation
² Saratov State Technical University named after Yu.A. Gagarin, 77 Politechnicheskaya str., Saratov, 410054, Volga Federal District, Saratov region.

^* Corresponding author: buzyakova@mail.ru

Abstract

Air pollution is a leading factor affecting the health of the population residing in the capital. The primary source of air pollution in the city is automobile transport, accounting for over 90% of emissions. The number of vehicles on the roads increases annually, resulting in traffic congestion and elevated levels of exhaust fumes and pollution in residential areas and neighborhoods. Industrial enterprises also contribute significantly to pollution. Surface and groundwater in Moscow experience considerable stress, primarily due to intensive and irrational use of water resources, as well as the discharge of inadequately treated industrial and storm wastewater. Within Moscow's historical boundaries, artificially created or heavily transformed soils, known as urban soils, predominate. Differences between these soils, inherited from natural parent soils, consist of the mechanical composition of upper horizons and physicochemical characteristics of underlying rocks. These differences affect the soil's resistance to anthropogenic impacts and, consequently, determine the extent of necessary intervention to maintain satisfactory quality (volume of work and financial costs for maintenance and rehabilitation).