Progress and Future Prospects in the Retrieval and Reconstruction of Terrestrial Water Storage Using GRACE Satellite Data

Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China

^* Corresponding author: 2012111601@xmut.edu.cn

Abstract

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) encompasses all water resources on and beneath the Earth's surface, including lakes, rivers, groundwater, glaciers, snow, and soil moisture. TWS plays a crucial role in the global hydrological cycle and climate system. Effective monitoring of TWS is essential for water resource management, agriculture, ecosystem protection, and addressing the challenges posed by climate change. This paper reviews the applications of the GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite missions in monitoring TWS changes and explores methods for data interpolation and reconstruction, particularly techniques for filling gaps during data discontinuities. While existing methods perform well in humid regions, challenges remain in achieving accuracy in arid areas. Future research should further improve interpolation and reconstruction techniques, integrating machine learning and hydrological models to enhance performance in arid regions and bridge the data gaps from the GRACE mission, providing more accurate support for water resource management.