Farmer’s adaptation behavior and strategies under the climatic change’s impacts

Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, College of Environmental Studies and Oceanography, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan

Abstract

Serengeti district in Tanzania, a climate-vulnerable region, faces increasing risks to farmers' livelihoods and food security due to climate change. This study examines farmers' adaptive behaviors using the Adaptive Capacity Framework (ACF), which analyzes five key dimensions: assets, flexibility, learning, social organization, and agency. Through participatory methods, the research assesses both strengths and capacity gaps in local adaptation. One analytical tool was employed, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). IPA revealed significant gaps between the perceived importance and actual performance of critical services such as agricultural extension, access to credit, and timely weather information. These results highlight the need for climate adaptation approaches that align with community priorities and realities. The study concludes that enhancing farmers' adaptive capacity requires inclusive, multi-dimensional strategies supported by improved institutional frameworks and access to key resources. The proposed framework serves as both a diagnostic tool and a practical guide for community-centered climate resilience and planning.